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Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines (IRIM)
Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines (IRIM)
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ItemSensing and estimation(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008-05) Christensen, Henrik I. ; Hager, G.
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ItemMy roomba is rambo: Intimate home appliances(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007-09) Sung, Ja-Young ; Guo, Lan ; Grinter, Rebecca E. ; Christensen, Henrik I.Robots have entered our domestic lives, but yet, little is known about their impact on the home. This paper takes steps towards addressing this omission, by reporting results from an empirical study of iRobot’s Roomba™, a vacuuming robot. Our findings suggest that, by developing intimacy to the robot, our participants were able to derive increased pleasure from cleaning, and expended effort to fit Roomba into their homes, and shared it with others. These findings lead us to propose four design implications that we argue could increase people’s enthusiasm for smart home technologies.
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ItemA Rao-Blackwellized Parts-Constellation Tracker(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005) Schindler, Grant ; Dellaert, FrankWe present a method for efficiently tracking objects represented as constellations of parts by integrating out the shape of the model. Parts-based models have been successfully applied to object recognition and tracking. However, the high dimensionality of such models present an obstacle to traditional particle filtering approaches. We can efficiently use parts-based models in a particle filter by applying Rao-Blackwellization to integrate out continuous parameters such as shape. This allows us to maintain multiple hypotheses for the pose of an object without the need to sample in the high-dimensional spaces in which partsbased models live. We present experimental results for a challenging biological tracking task.
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ItemAn MCMC-based Particle Filter for Tracking Multiple Interacting Targets(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004-05) Khan, Zia ; Balch, Tucker ; Dellaert, FrankWe describe a Markov chain Monte Carlo based particle filter that effectively deals with interacting targets, i.e., targets that are influenced by the proximity and/or behavior of other targets. Such interactions cause problems for traditional approaches to the data association problem. In response, we developed a joint tracker that includes a more sophisticated motion model to maintain the identity of targets throughout an interaction, drastically reducing tracker failures. The paper presents two main contributions: (1) we show how a Markov random field (MRF) motion prior, built on the fly at each time step, can substantially improve tracking when targets interact, and (2) we show how this can be done efficiently using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. We prove that incorporating an MRF to model interactions is equivalent to adding an additional interaction factor to the importance weights in a joint particle filter. Since a joint particle filter suffers from exponential complexity in the number of tracked targets, we replace the traditional importance sampling step in the particle filter with an MCMC sampling step. The resulting filter deals efficiently and effectively with complicated interactions when targets approach each other. We present both qualitative and quantitative results to substantiate the claims made in the paper, including a large scale experiment on a video-sequence of over 10,000 frames in length.
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ItemMCMC-based Multiview Reconstruction of Piecewise Smooth Subdivision Curves with a Variable Number of Control Points(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004-05) Kaess, Michael ; Zboinski, Rafal ; Dellaert, FrankWe investigate the automated reconstruction of piecewise smooth 3D curves, using subdivision curves as a simple but flexible curve representation. This representation allows tagging corners to model nonsmooth features along otherwise smooth curves. We present a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo approach which obtains an approximate posterior distribution over the number of control points and tags. In a Rao-Blackwellization scheme, we integrate out the control point locations, reducing the variance of the resulting sampler. We apply this general methodology to the reconstruction of piecewise smooth curves from multiple calibrated views, in which the object is segmented from the background using a Markov random field approach. Results are shown for multiple images of two pot shards as would be encountered in archaeological applications.
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ItemAnalysis of poles and zeros for tapered link designs(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003) Girvin, Douglas L. ; Book, Wayne J.This chapter analyzes the pole and zero locations of a linearly-tapered Euler-Bernoulli beam pinned at one end and free at the other end. Of particular interest is the location of zeros of the transfer function from torque applied at the pin to displacement of the free end. When tapered beams are used as the links of light-weight robots, the existence of non minimum phase (right half plane) zeros complicates the robot control problem. Tapering the beam gives the robot designer an additional design parameter when establishing the flexible dynamics. The pole and zero locations are determined from a transfer matrix model which is the exact solution for a uniform beam. The approximate results for a tapered model result from segmentation of the beam into segments of different but constant cross sections. The relative position of poles and zeros varies significantly as the rate of taper changes, which will have consequences on feedback stability and noncausal effects in inverse dynamics.
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ItemRobot vibrations(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001) Book, Wayne J.The nature of robotic arms invites vibratory behavior while the function of robotic arms is heavily penalized by that vibration. Consequently, understanding and compensating for the tendencies of a robot to vibrate are of great importance. Robotic vehicles have less tendency to vibrate, although mounting an arm on a vehicle introduces new sources of excitation and compliance and new penalties for the simple solution to vibration, that is, adding mass to rigidize the arm structure