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GVU Brown Bag Seminars

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Critical AI literacy with children: in pursuit of fair and inclusive technology futures

2024-03-14 , Sharma, Sumita

Children interact with Artificial intelligence (AI) in various direct and indirect ways, yet, there is limited research on the impacts of AI on children. Further, these studies mainly focus on cultivating, nurturing, and nudging children towards technology use and design, without promoting critical perspectives towards AI. For intance, there is little discussion with children on the limitations, inherent biases, and lack of diversity in current design and development of AI, and on critical examination of the ethical aspects of technology use, design, inherent limitations, and consequences of these on children and society at large. In this talk, I will present my work on critical AI literacy with young children, sharing lessons from hands-on workshops with children in Finland, India, and Japan.

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An Introduction to Healthcare AI

2024-02-22 , Braunstein, Mark

Healthcare and AI have an intertwined history dating back at least to the 1960's when the first 'cognitive chatbot' acting as a psychotherapist was introduced at MIT. Today, of course, there is enormous interest in and excitement about the potential roles of the latest AI technologies in patient care. There is a parallel concern about the risks. Will human physicians be replaced by intelligent agents? How might such agents benefit patient care short of that? What role will they play for patients. We'll explore this in a far-ranging talk that includes a number of real-world examples of how AI technologies are already being deployed to hopefully benefit those physicians and their patients.

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Considering People and Technology

2023-08-24 , Best, Michael L.

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Foley Scholar Winner and Finalists Presentations Spring 2024

2024-03-07 , Bhat, Karthik Seetharama , Narechania, Arpit , Pendse, Sachin , Riggs, Alexandra Teixeira

Foley Scholar Award Winner: Envisioning Technology-Mediated Futures of Care Work, Karthik Seetharama Bhat. Caregiving is a universal activity that is receiving increasing attention among technologists and researchers in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging technologies like conversational AI, augmented and virtual reality, and smart homes have all been described as potentially revolutionary technologies in care work, intended to automate and transform the overall care experience for caregivers and care recipients. However, such promises have yet to translate to successful deployments as these technological innovations come up against socioculturally situated traditions of care work that prioritize human connection and interaction. In this talk, I will share empirical studies looking into how formal care workers (in clinical settings) and informal care workers (in home settings) reconcile technology utilization in care work with sociocultural expectations and norms that dissuade them. I will then discuss possible technology-mediated futures of care work by positing how emerging technologies could best be designed for and integrated into activities of care in ways that unburden care workers while ensuring quality care.

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Whose Responsibility? The Case for Responsible Data Practice

2024-02-15 , Wang, Ding

Diversity in datasets is a key component to building responsible AI/ML. Despite this recognition, we know little about the diversity among the annotators involved in data production. Additionally, despite being an indispensable part of AI, data annotation work is often cast as simple, standardized and even low-skilled work. In this talk, I present a series of studies that aim at unpacking the data annotation process with an emphasis on the data worker who lifts the weight of data production. This includes interview studies to uncover both the data annotator’s perspective of their work and the data requestor’s approach to the diversity and subjectivity the workers bring; an ethnographic investigation in data centers to study the work practices around data annotation; a mixed methods study to explore the impact of worker demographic diversity on the data they annotate. While practitioners described nuanced understandings of annotator diversity, they rarely designed dataset production to account for diversity in the annotation process. This calls for more attention to a pervasive logic of representationalist thinking and counting that is intricately woven into the day to day work practices of annotation. In examining structure in which the annotation is done and the diversity is seen, this talk aims to recover annotation and diversity from its reductive framing and seek alternative approaches to knowing and doing annotation.

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From Tire Tracks to Subway Maps: How Computing Innovation Fuels US Industries

2021-01-21 , Mynatt, Elizabeth D.

At the close of 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine released the report, Information Technology Innovation: Resurgence, Confluence, and Continuing Impact. As the chair of the report committee, in this talk I will give a high level overview of the report, and then describe how my experiences in the GVU Center and in the HCI community informed my contributions to the study. This series of reports, starting in the mid-1990s, illustrate the complex nature of information technology (IT) research and the interdependencies among various subfields of computing and communications research. This work has dispelled the assumption that the IT sector is self-sufficient by highlighting how government-funded university research has been instrumental to the sector’s commercial success. The 2020 report extends the earlier work by describing key patterns in how research over time has significant cumulative impact, and exploring the ultimate impacts of IT innovation on major U.S. industry sectors. The report identifies and describes two patterns, resurgence and confluence, reflecting the path from federally funded academic research to economic impact in the US. Resurgence provides examples when economic return follows a period of diminished interest and investment followed by a resurgence of new ideas and enablers leading to significant impact. Confluence provide examples of IT innovations combined with deep domain expertise, design and production knowledge, and new business models to create transformative results in other major sectors. These reports are best known for its graphic representation of “tracks” that visualize the interplay between academic, industry research, and industry development culminating in commercial impact. The 2020 report now extends this graphic illustrating how streams of innovation combine in powerful ways across US industries. My personal journey with this work includes the 2015 National Academies workshop that collected first-person narratives that illustrated the link between government investments in academic and industry research to the ultimate creation of new IT industries. In 2018, I helped create a “GVU Tire Tracks” as part of the Nostalgic Futures project that captured GVU’s impact in Graphics & Animation, the Web, Visualization and Visual Analytics, Augmented and Virtual Reality, User Interface Software, Ubiquitous Computing, and Wearable Computing. Through each of these experiences I gained an understanding for how human-centric research has a long track record in innovation captured by diverse US industries.

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Exploring Dual Perspectives in Computer-mediated Empathy

2024-02-29 , Lee, Sang Won

A common belief is that technology can play a pivotal role in enhancing individuals' capacity to empathize with others. While it is true, it's worthwhile to adopt an alternative perspective that underscores the inherent duality of empathy and emphasizes the empowering aspect for the recipients of empathy. In this talk, I will focus on recent projects that explore how technologies can facilitate empathy. These approaches primarily focus on those who need to be empathized and help them express, reveal, and reflect on themselves. Through these works, I propose a new framework that offers various research topics relevant to enhancing computer-mediated empathy.

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Trans Technologies

2024-01-25 , Haimson, Oliver

Haimson's forthcoming book Trans Technologies (MIT Press, 2025) examines the world of trans technologies: apps, health resources, games, art, AR/VR, and other types of technology designed to help address some of the challenges transgender people face in the world. His research team conducted in-depth interviews with more than 100 creators of existing trans technologies to understand the current landscape, highlight areas for future innovation, and build theory via community input around what it means for a technology to be a trans technology. This work illuminates the people who create trans technologies, the design processes that brought these technologies to life, and the ways trans people often rely on community and their own technological skills to meet their most basic needs and challenges. He discusses how trans technology design processes are often deeply personal, and focus on the technology creator’s own needs and desires. Thus, trans technology design can be empowering because technology creators have agency to create tools they need to navigate the world. However, in some cases when trans communities are not involved in design processes, this can lead to overly individualistic design that speaks primarily to more privileged trans people’s needs. Further, he discusses some of his research group’s ongoing participatory design work designing trans technologies.

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