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ItemA bridge between Architecture and Civil Engineering(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-12-13) Calatrava, Santiago
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ItemTowards of a theory of reconstructing ancient libraries(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-12-11) Mamoli, MyrsiniThe library was one of the most important institutions in the Hellenistic and Roman city, as evidenced in the writings of ancient authors, and the building remains of libraries found throughout the Greco-Roman world, from Asia Minor to France and from Africa to Northern Greece. Yet, the library remains one of the least easily identifiable building forms and one of the most difficult to reconstruct, because unlike architectural types such as the temple, stoa, or theater, the library exhibits significant variety in design, scale and monumentality and the use of different component elements. In reconstructing libraries, scholars often rely on a prescribed set of assumptions about components and their arrangement that limit our ability to identify libraries and understand their diversity of arrangement. This dissertation proposes shape grammars as an effective computational methodology to identify, understand, and reconstruct ancient libraries of diverse and variant scale, design and monumentality. The work presents a comprehensive documentation of known and identified libraries, reviews the design principles of the architectural form of ancient libraries, and on the basis of this historical analysis proposes a shape grammar for the formal specification of ancient Greek and Roman libraries. The library grammar encodes the design principles of ancient libraries in ninety-one rules that are grouped in two major parts: the first generates the main hall of the library and its interior design, and the second generates the complete layout of the library including additional porticoes, peristyles, exedras, gardens and propylon. The application of the rules generates libraries of diverse scales and monumentality: libraries known in the corpus and as well as hypothetical libraries. The dissertation presents grammatical derivations for the seventeen known and identified libraries. These derivations, depending on the degree of preservation of the building remains of libraries, function as an evaluative tool for the validity of the grammar or for the reconstructions proposed by traditional research. In many cases, they point to different possibilities in the identification of the building remains related to libraries among remains of different phases or remains belonging to neighboring buildings, and suggest variant scenarios of reconstruction that might not stand out using traditional techniques of reconstruction. The metadata of the rules in the grammar and the derivations are used in a frequency analysis that provides a probabilistic model as an effective and systematic guide in identifying, evaluating and predicting the architectural form of libraries: the main hall and the threshold are identified as mandatory architectural components, the niches and focal point as most likely, and the podium with a colonnade as less likely to occur in a library. Less frequently, the library is a whole complex with exedras, a monumental entry and additional rooms that function as auditoria, banquet halls or offices. Moreover, the work presents the derivations of possible libraries and evaluates the rules applied to generate them based on the frequency analysis. In the end, the work concludes whether these buildings are libraries, non-libraries or exceptional libraries. Lastly, this dissertation assesses the opportunities and challenges that emerge in using shape grammars to identify and reconstruct libraries and also the value and impact of using formal computational methods in the systematic exploration of variations in reconstruction of the archaeological record.
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ItemA study on the heat transfer and energy performance implications of cool roofs(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-11-26) Zhang, TianyaoIn this study, we examined the effect of cool roofs on commercial and residential buildings in each climate zone, by looking at monitored case studies and DOE-2 simulations from various sources of literature; and using an online tool - the Cool Roof Calculator and a simple COP ratio model to validate the results of the case studies. It was found that the Cool Roof Calculator does not take building form into account, hence a sensitivity analysis was first conducted to rank the importance of various building parameters against one another. The analysis was conducted on the EPC normative building energy model. Results indicated that roof absorptance coefficient, aspect ratio and number of floors were the three parameters that either ranked highest or were important parameters, and were chosen for further parametric analysis to evaluate the impact of these building parameters on total building loads. A simple COP ratio model was also developed to validate the results from the literature review and Cool Roof Calculator, and it was found that in terms of cost, for a prototype medium-sized commercial building, it is always beneficial to use a white roof, but cities in northern climates may have little advantage, and insulation may be a better choice.
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ItemComparative analysis of the VRF system and conventional HVAC systems, focused on life-cycle cost(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-11-26) Park, JaesukAs concern for the environment has been dramatically raised over the recent decade, all fields have increased their efforts to reduce impact on environment. The field of construction has responded and started to develop the building performance strategies as well as regulations to reduce the impact on the environment. HVAC systems are obviously one of the key factors of building energy consumption. This study investigates the system performance and economic value of variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems relative to conventional HVAC systems by comparing life-cycle cost of VRF systems to that of conventional HVAC systems. VRF systems consist mainly of one outdoor unit and several indoor units. The outdoor unit provides all indoor units with cooled or heated refrigerant; with these refrigerants, each indoor unit serves one zone, delivering either heating or cooling. Due to its special configuration, the VRF system can cool some zones and heat other zones simultaneously. This comparative analysis covers six building types—medium office, standalone retail, primary school, hotel, hospital, and apartment—in a eleven climate zones—1A Miami, 2A Houston, 2B Phoenix, 3A Atlanta, 3B Las Vegas, 3C San Francisco, 4A Baltimore, 4B Albuquerque, 4C Seattle, 5A Chicago, and 5B Boulder. Energy simulations conducted by EnergyPlus are done for each building type in each climate zone. Base cases for each simulation are the reference models that U.S. Department of Energy has developed, whereas the alternative case is the same building in the same location with a VRF system. The life-cycle cost analysis provides Net Savings, Savingto- Investment ratio, and payback years. The major findings are that the VRF system has an average of thirty-nine percent HVAC energy consumption savings. As for the results of the life-cycle cost analysis, the average of simple payback period is twelve years.
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ItemThe Big Bang(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-11-20) García-Abril, AntónThe Music Studies Centre and the SGAE Central Office in Santiago de Compostela, completed in 2004 and set in a masterplan by Arata Isosaki, sets out three walls which confront one another: a monolithic stone wall of irregular ashlars of variable geometry and size which allow light to break into the building; a translucent glass wall facing the street; and an interior wall made up of CDs. García-Abril describes his project, the Truffle, as ‘a piece of nature built with earth, full of air. A space within a stone that sits on the ground and blends with the territory.’ The project involved digging a hole and using the soil to form a dyke around it. This they filled with hay bales and poured concrete over it, topping it with the soil. Once hardened, the resulting shape was exhumed and sliced open, exposing the hay, which a cow spent a year eating, leaving the hardened shell to make a comfortable if quirky holiday home. His latest project, the Cervantes Theatre in Mexico City completed in 2001, is buried underground, marked only by a large metallic structure above ground. The excavated spaces are expressed as a sequence of theatre lobbies at different levels open to the sky and protected by the symbolic metal structure.
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ItemResiliency, Innovation & Collaboration(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-10-23) Hiromoto, JulieResiliency, Innovation & Collaboration is a personal reflection on designing and executing One World Trade Center; integrating next-generation, green building design and research, at the Center for Architecture Science and Ecology; and realizing SOM’s High Performance Design goals.
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ItemRoundtable Discussion: 50 Years of Diversity in the Atlanta AEC Community(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-10-16) Chase, Stefan ; Harris, Oscar ; Hinton, Angela M. ; Houser, Bryan ; Johnson, Brenda ; Lynn, T. Foster ; Peart, Garfield ; Stanley, Kimberly ; Stanley, William ; Young, Ivory Lee, Jr.NOMA Atlanta second event in celebration of 50 Years of Diversity in the Atlanta AEC Community: Celebrating our Trailblazers of Change which honors The 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom 50 years ago . This "Trailblazers of Change" roundtable will present a candid discussion on how Atlanta has changed over the past 50 years and where it must go to solidify its place in America as a great city. Panelists will reflect upon the contributions of diverse stakeholders, show more in the building of Atlanta and discuss the importance of diversity in its continued growth over the next 50 years. The panel includes prominent voices of Atlanta with business owners, government officials and community advocates who have a deep and intimate historic knowledge of our city and a forward-facing vision for its future. The roundtable discussion will be moderated by Stefan Chase, CBS Atlanta News personality, to promote a lively discussion and audience engagement.
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ItemSwiss Touch in Landscape Architecture(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-10-09) Jakob, MichaelLandscape architecture continually transforms the environment and the way we approach it. This modern discipline, which began around 1800, quickly evolved throughout the twentiethcentury. It is now undergoing an even more spectacular rise as it takes a prominent place within society and becomes established as an important concern. The present exhibition hints at the richness, diversity and complexity of this fascinating field. The first section deals with theory and history and provides a conceptual framework for the exhibition. The visitor is invited to discover the influence of the history of gardens and the important role played by the pioneers of Swiss landscape architecture. The visitor will also see the crucial function of national exhibitions, including the more recent Lausanne Jardins – the successful international festival of urban garden design. The second section – the core of The Swiss Touch in Landscape Architecture – provides a survey of the most significant landscape architecture studios. The last section, “nouvelle vague”, presents the works of a new generation of landscape architects. The chosen examples intend to highlight the centrality of a profession, which thoroughly changes our spatial, visual and social reality.
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ItemContingencies(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-25) Bell, Brian ; Yocum, David
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ItemDetroit City is the Place to Be(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-08-28) Binelli, MarkOnce America's capitalist dream town, Detroit is our country's greatest urban failure, having fallen the longest and the farthest. But the city's worst crisis yet (and that's saying something) has managed to do the unthinkable: turn the end of days into a laboratory for the future. Urban planners, land speculators, neopastoral agriculturalists, and utopian environmentalists—all have been drawn to Detroit's baroquely decaying, nothing-left-to-lose frontier. With an eye for both the darkly absurd and the radically new, Detroit-area native Mark Binelli has chronicled this convergence. Throughout the city's "museum of neglect"—its swaths of abandoned buildings, its miles of urban prairie—he tracks both the blight and the signs of its repurposing, from the school for pregnant teenagers to a beleaguered UAW local; from metal scrappers and gun-toting vigilantes to artists reclaiming abandoned auto factories; from the organic farming on empty lots to GM's risky wager on the Volt electric car; from firefighters forced by budget cuts to sleep in tents to the mayor's realignment plan (the most ambitious on record) to move residents of half-empty neighborhoods into a viable, new urban center. Beyond the usual portrait of crime, poverty, and ruin, we glimpse a longshot future Detroit that is smaller, less segregated, greener, economically diverse, and better functioning—what could be the boldest reimagining of a post-industrial city in our new century.