Title:
Integrated Magnetic and Optical Nanotechnology for Early Cancer Detection and Monitoring

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dc.contributor.advisor Nie, Shuming
dc.contributor.author Sathe, Tushar R. en_US
dc.contributor.committeeMember Bostick, Roberd
dc.contributor.committeeMember Le Doux, Joseph
dc.contributor.committeeMember Murthy, Niren
dc.contributor.committeeMember Wang, Zhong Lin
dc.contributor.department Biomedical Engineering en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2008-02-07T18:50:14Z
dc.date.available 2008-02-07T18:50:14Z
dc.date.issued 2007-10-09 en_US
dc.description.abstract Despite significant developments in imaging modalities and therapeutics, cancer mortality rates remain unchanged. Detecting cancer before it has spread to other organs improves patient outcome dramatically. Therefore, greater emphasis must be placed on developing novel technology for early cancer detection and disease monitoring. Nanometer-sized materials have unique optoelectronic and magnetic properties. In particular, semiconductor quantum dots (QD) are a new class of fluorophores that are bright, photostable, and can be simultaneously excited to emit different wavelengths of light. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are another class of unique nanomaterials that exhibit superparamagnetism and are strongly magnetized only in the presence of a magnetic field. In this dissertation, we describe the integration of semiconductor QDs and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and potential applications for (i) early detection of cancer biomarkers through routine screening, and (ii) disease monitoring through the capture and analysis of rare circulating tumor cells. First, we describe the development of integrated magneto-optical beads that can be optically encoded and magnetically separable for isolating low amounts of biomolecules from solution. Second, we demonstrate improved detection sensitivity by combining immunomagnetic beads and highly luminescent nanoparticles in a sandwich assay. Next, we describe integration of magnetic and QD nanotechnology for the selective capture and molecular profiling of rare cells. We demonstrate the ability to spectroscopically determine relative molecular levels of markers to identify invasive cells. As disease monitoring requires the analysis of patient blood samples, we have also studied nanoparticle-cell interactions using QDs to determine nanoparticle behavior in whole blood as a function of surface coatings. We observed that anionic nanoparticles with carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) were strongly associated with leukocytes, but interestingly this association was cell specific. Hydroxyl-modified QDs (QD-OH) suppressed binding and uptake by leukocytes as efficiently as PEG-modified QDs. The integration of nanotechnologies represents a new and exciting approach that has the potential to push the limits of detection sensitivity and permit isolation and profiling of multiple biomarkers from large sample volumes. en_US
dc.description.degree Ph.D. en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19868
dc.publisher Georgia Institute of Technology en_US
dc.subject Tumors en_US
dc.subject Quantum dots en_US
dc.subject Fluorescence en_US
dc.subject Magnetic en_US
dc.subject Nanoparticles en_US
dc.subject Separation en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Nanotechnology
dc.subject.lcsh Cancer
dc.subject.lcsh Diagnostic imaging
dc.subject.lcsh Quantum dots
dc.subject.lcsh Iron oxides
dc.subject.lcsh Nanoparticles
dc.subject.lcsh Nanocrystals
dc.title Integrated Magnetic and Optical Nanotechnology for Early Cancer Detection and Monitoring en_US
dc.type Text
dc.type.genre Dissertation
dspace.entity.type Publication
local.contributor.advisor Nie, Shuming
local.contributor.corporatename Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
local.contributor.corporatename College of Engineering
relation.isAdvisorOfPublication 422e2692-c56b-49f5-8899-cc305444af91
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication da59be3c-3d0a-41da-91b9-ebe2ecc83b66
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication 7c022d60-21d5-497c-b552-95e489a06569
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