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Zimring, Craig

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    A Review of the Research Literature on Evidence-Based Healthcare Design
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008) Ulrich, Roger S. ; Zimring, Craig ; Zhu, Xuemei ; DuBose, Jennifer R. ; Seo, Hyun-Bo ; Choi, Young-Seon ; Quan, Xiaobo ; Joseph, Anjali
    This report surveys and evaluates the scientific research on evidence-based healthcare design and extracts its implications for designing better and safer hospitals.
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    A Review of the Research Literature on Evidence-Based Healthcare Design
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008) Ulrich, Roger S. ; Zimring, Craig ; Zhu, Xuemei ; DuBose, Jennifer Robin ; Seo, Hyun-Bo ; Choi, Young-Seon ; Quan, Xiaobo ; Joseph, Anjali
    Objective: This report surveys and evaluates the scientific research on evidence-based healthcare design and extracts its implications for designing better and safer hospitals. Background: It builds on a literature review conducted by researchers in 2004. Methods: Research teams conducted a new and more exhaustive search for rigorous empirical studies that link the design of hospital physical environments with healthcare outcomes. The review followed a two-step process, including an extensive search for existing literature and a screening of each identified study for the relevance and quality of evidence. Results: This review found a growing body of rigorous studies to guide healthcare design, especially with respect to reducing the frequency of hospital-acquired infections. Results are organized according to three general types of outcomes: patient safety, other patient outcomes, and staff outcomes. The findings further support the importance of improving outcomes for a range of design characteristics or interventions, including single-bed rooms rather than multibed rooms, effective ventilation systems, a good acoustic environment, nature distractions and daylight, appropriate lighting, better ergonomic design, acuity-adaptable rooms, and improved floor layouts and work settings. Directions for future research are also identified. Conclusions: The state of knowledge of evidence-based healthcare design has grown rapidly in recent years. The evidence indicates that well-designed physical settings play an important role in making hospitals safer and more healing for patients, and better places for staff to work. Key Words: Evidence-based design, hospital design, healthcare design, healthcare quality, outcomes, patient safety, staff safety, infection, hand washing, medical errors, falls, pain, sleep, stress, depression, confidentiality, social support, satisfaction, single rooms, noise, nature, daylight
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    Encouraging Physical Activity Among Retirement Community Residents - The Role of Campus Commitment, Programming, Staffing, Promotion, Financing and Accreditation
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005) Zimring, Craig ; Harris-Kojetin, Lauren ; Kiefer, Kristen ; Joseph, Anjali
    Despite the well-established benefits of physical activity for older adults, seniors ages 75 and above are among the most sedentary of Americans. Continuing care retirement communities (CCRCs) seem ideal settings for creating physical activity promoting environments. We report on results of a nationally representative sample survey of CCRCs that are members of the American Association of Homes and Services for the Aging. Campuses with more physical activity opportunities on campus or in the outside community, more physical activity-related staff, better physical activity facilities and activities, more types of sources to finance the costs of physical activity, and more channels to promote physical activity tend to have more physically active residents. Campuses in which management places more importance on encouraging physical activity among residents also have more physically active residents.
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    Presence and visibility of outdoor and indoor physical activity features and participation in physical activity among older adults in retirement communities
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005) Zimring, Craig ; Harris-Kojetin, Lauren ; Kiefer, Kristen ; Joseph, Anjali
    In this paper we examine how the presence and visibility of outdoor and indoor physical activity resources (e.g., walking path/trail, outdoor tennis courts, gardens, etc.) influences participation in physical activity among elderly residents in non-profit continuing care retirement communities and other senior housing communities. This paper reports findings from a survey of 800 such communities. A social ecological model was used to study the relationships between the environment and physical activity behavior. A fifty-two percent response rate (n=398) was obtained. Campuses with more attractive outdoor and physical activity facilities had more residents participating in different types of physical activity.