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Now showing 1 - 10 of 375
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The Science, Technology and Innovation Policy system in Latin America: Current Trends, Rationales, and Challenges

2013-09-26 , Bortagaray, Isabel

This article first analyzes the evolution of the STI policy system, the changes in policy rationales and instruments, and their orientation, and goals in four countries: Brazil, Colombia, Panama and Uruguay. Secondly it critically reviews these trends with regards to two crucial and complementary challenges and goals of STI policies in the LAC region in particular, and developing countries in general: economic growth, and social inclusion. Finally, it proposes a set of criteria and guidelines for advancing towards the evaluation of the different landscapes and functioning dynamics of the STI policy system in these countries.

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Science Technology and Innovation Policy That is Responsive to Innovation Performers

2013-09-26 , Marcelle, Gillian

This paper presents an argument and evidence regarding the extent to which science, technology and innovation policies, particularly in developing countries, often ignore the perspectives of innovation performers. Building on theoretical frameworks that draw on strategic management of innovation and learning school perspectives, the paper will make a link to policy implications and will argue that policy that is responsive to innovation performers requires a shift in mindset, the unit of analysis and the work programmes that constitute innovation policy. This writer believes that these changes are highly recommended in order to improve the effectiveness and meaningfulness of innovation.

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STI Policy in Uruguay: Political Constraints for Developmental Project

2013-09-26 , Ardanche, Melissa , Bianchi, Carlos

A STI policy for inclusive development has been implemented in Uruguay since 2005. This paper analyzes the adequacy of its institutional and organizational design in order to achieve the proposed objectives. Conclusions show that there are institutional and political problems that could become barriers for the current STI policy agenda.

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A Complex Network Perspective on the World Science System

2011-09-17 , Cunningham, Scott , Kwakkel, Jan H.

This paper discusses capabilities for a systematic overview of world science delivered from the use of new output indicators of science and technology. The data may be usefully structured using a complex network perspective on national publication and international collaboration. This paper uses a random sample of publication data from 2009 to provide a timely update on world activities in science. A mixed predictive and descriptive approach is used in analyzing the data. A variety of methods including structural network analysis, and network regression, are used in the exploration of this sample. Insights are gained into key participants in world science, their positioning in a network of collaborative relationships, and the resultant morphology of the network which emerges from a mixture of random and geographic factors.

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Using Netchain Analysis to Explore the Formation of Robust Supply Chains for Innovative Technologies.

2013-09-26 , Mote, Jonathon , Jordan, Gretchen , Ruegg, Rosalie

In this paper, we discuss our work with the DOE’s EERE to develop a framework for evaluating the program’s investments in building robust domestic supply chains in renewable energy technologies. The focus of this evaluation framework is on the interim steps and conditions and early results which are expected to be necessary in order for there to be accelerated commercialization and manufacturing in the United States.

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Patent Premium in Countries with Weak Intellectual Property Rights Protection

2013-09-26 , Huang, Can , Qu, Zhe

In this large-scale firm-level study we investigate whether the total factor productivity of multinational corporations and indigenous companies grew faster after they applied for patents in China than had they not done so, and also compare the increase of total factor productivity at various levels of market competition.

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The Governance of the Colombian System of Science, Technology and Innovation: Challenges, Threats and Opportunities

2013-09-26 , Salazar, Monica

This paper describes the case of Colciencias and the National System of Science, Technology and Innovation. The objectives pursued are to identify the governance mechanisms that Colciencias has developed, and to evaluate if it can use them, taking into consideration recent changes enforced in institutions, policies, and funding of STI.

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Evaluating Patent Licensing Agreements for Technology Diffusion at the U.S. National Labs

2013-09-26 , Chan, Gabriel

Under the Stevenson-Wydler Act, the U.S. National Laboratories are required to transfer inventions to the private sector. I evaluate one technology transfer mechanism, patent licensing, by (1) identifying technology areas that Labs are successful in licensing patents, and (2) quantifying the public benefits of licensing agreements, measured by increased citations.

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The Impact of the Patent Attorney on the Outcome of the Filing Process

2013-09-26 , Frietsch, Rainer

Hardly any empirical literature exists on the impact of the patent attorney on the filing outcome. This paper uses PATSTAT to examine the attorney’s experience. First results indicate, for example, that large enterprises employ the most experienced attorney, individual inventors the most inexperienced. SMEs and public research is in between.

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When the High Road Becomes the Low Road: The Limits of High-Technology Competition in Finland

2013-09-26 , Ornston, Darius

This paper questions the degree to which high-technology growth represents a “high road” to growth by highlighting the economic and political risks associated with technology-oriented innovation policies. More specifically, it uses the Finnish case, where such policies were most successful, to illustrate how they adversely impacted industry-labor and inter-firm relations.

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