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ItemLessons from Ten Years of Nanotechnology Bibliometric Analysis(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016-09) Youtie, Jan ; Porter, Alan L. ; Shapira, Philip ; Newman, NilsThis paper summarizes the 10-year experiences of the Program in Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy (STIP) at Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) in support of the Center for Nanotechnology in Society at Arizona State University (CNS-ASU) in understanding, characterizing, and conveying the development of nanotechnology research and application. This work was labeled “Research and Innovation Systems Assessment” or (RISA) by CNS-ASU. RISA concentrates on identifying and documenting quantifiable aspects of nanotechnology, including academic, commercial/industrial, and government nanoscience and nanotechnology (nanotechnologies) activity, research, and projects. RISA at CNS-ASU engaged in the first systematic attempt of its kind to define, characterize, and track a field of science and technology. A key element to RISA was the creation of a replicable approach to bibliometrically defining nanotechnology. Researchers in STIP, and beyond, could then query the resulting datasets to address topical areas ranging from basic country and regional concentrations of publications and patents, to findings about social science literature, environmental, health, and safety research and usage, to study corporate entry into nanotechnology, and to explore application areas as special interests arose. Key features of the success of the program include: Having access to “large-scale” R&D abstract datasets Analytical software A portfolio that balances innovative long-term projects, such as webscraping to understand nanotechnology developments in small and medium-sized companies, with research characterizing the emergence of nanotechnology that more readily produces articles Relationships with diverse networks of scholars and companies working in the nanotechnology science and social science domains An influx of visiting researchers A strong core of students with social science, as well as some programming background A well-equipped facility and management by the principals through weekly problem-solving meetings, mini-deadlines, and the production journal articles rather than thick final reports.
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ItemThe Science, Technology and Innovation Policy system in Latin America: Current Trends, Rationales, and Challenges(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Bortagaray, IsabelThis article first analyzes the evolution of the STI policy system, the changes in policy rationales and instruments, and their orientation, and goals in four countries: Brazil, Colombia, Panama and Uruguay. Secondly it critically reviews these trends with regards to two crucial and complementary challenges and goals of STI policies in the LAC region in particular, and developing countries in general: economic growth, and social inclusion. Finally, it proposes a set of criteria and guidelines for advancing towards the evaluation of the different landscapes and functioning dynamics of the STI policy system in these countries.
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ItemUsing Netchain Analysis to Explore the Formation of Robust Supply Chains for Innovative Technologies.(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Mote, Jonathon ; Jordan, Gretchen ; Ruegg, RosalieIn this paper, we discuss our work with the DOE’s EERE to develop a framework for evaluating the program’s investments in building robust domestic supply chains in renewable energy technologies. The focus of this evaluation framework is on the interim steps and conditions and early results which are expected to be necessary in order for there to be accelerated commercialization and manufacturing in the United States.
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ItemEvaluating Patent Licensing Agreements for Technology Diffusion at the U.S. National Labs(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Chan, GabrielUnder the Stevenson-Wydler Act, the U.S. National Laboratories are required to transfer inventions to the private sector. I evaluate one technology transfer mechanism, patent licensing, by (1) identifying technology areas that Labs are successful in licensing patents, and (2) quantifying the public benefits of licensing agreements, measured by increased citations.
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ItemScience Technology and Innovation Policy That is Responsive to Innovation Performers(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Marcelle, GillianThis paper presents an argument and evidence regarding the extent to which science, technology and innovation policies, particularly in developing countries, often ignore the perspectives of innovation performers. Building on theoretical frameworks that draw on strategic management of innovation and learning school perspectives, the paper will make a link to policy implications and will argue that policy that is responsive to innovation performers requires a shift in mindset, the unit of analysis and the work programmes that constitute innovation policy. This writer believes that these changes are highly recommended in order to improve the effectiveness and meaningfulness of innovation.
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ItemPatent Premium in Countries with Weak Intellectual Property Rights Protection(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Huang, Can ; Qu, ZheIn this large-scale firm-level study we investigate whether the total factor productivity of multinational corporations and indigenous companies grew faster after they applied for patents in China than had they not done so, and also compare the increase of total factor productivity at various levels of market competition.
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ItemThe Impact of the Patent Attorney on the Outcome of the Filing Process(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Frietsch, RainerHardly any empirical literature exists on the impact of the patent attorney on the filing outcome. This paper uses PATSTAT to examine the attorney’s experience. First results indicate, for example, that large enterprises employ the most experienced attorney, individual inventors the most inexperienced. SMEs and public research is in between.
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ItemSTI Policy in Uruguay: Political Constraints for Developmental Project(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Ardanche, Melissa ; Bianchi, CarlosA STI policy for inclusive development has been implemented in Uruguay since 2005. This paper analyzes the adequacy of its institutional and organizational design in order to achieve the proposed objectives. Conclusions show that there are institutional and political problems that could become barriers for the current STI policy agenda.
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ItemThe Governance of the Colombian System of Science, Technology and Innovation: Challenges, Threats and Opportunities(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Salazar, MonicaThis paper describes the case of Colciencias and the National System of Science, Technology and Innovation. The objectives pursued are to identify the governance mechanisms that Colciencias has developed, and to evaluate if it can use them, taking into consideration recent changes enforced in institutions, policies, and funding of STI.
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ItemWhen the High Road Becomes the Low Road: The Limits of High-Technology Competition in Finland(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-09-26) Ornston, DariusThis paper questions the degree to which high-technology growth represents a “high road” to growth by highlighting the economic and political risks associated with technology-oriented innovation policies. More specifically, it uses the Finnish case, where such policies were most successful, to illustrate how they adversely impacted industry-labor and inter-firm relations.