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ItemInnovation-systems, path-dependency and policy: The co-evolution of science, technology and innovation policy and industrial structure in a small, resource-based economy(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008-09) Fagerberg, Jan ; Verspagen, Bart ; Mowery, David C.This paper analyses the co-evolution of science, technology and innovation policy and industrial structure in a small, resource-based economy (Norway). The contributions of the paper are threefold. First, it develops an evolutionary and historically oriented approach to the study of the development of science, technology and innovation policy based that may have wide applicability. Second, if focuses on a particular type of innovation, innovation in resource-based activities, that differs in many respects from the more commonly studied “high-tech” case and which arguably be of relevance for may present day developing countries. Third, the paper advances our understanding of the roles played by institutions and politics in innovation. Previous work on national systems of innovation has often devoted little attention to these matters, possibly because much of it examines “snapshots” of various innovation systems at a specific point in time and lacks historical depth.
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ItemTechnology and development: Unpacking the relationship(s)(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008-09) Fagerberg, Jan ; Srholec, MartinInnovation is, as Joseph Schumpeter once pointed out, above all a combinatory phenomenon. Success in accessing knowledge and exploiting it in a way that is beneficial for development depends on the ability to combine many different skills and resources, of which many will be external to the firm. Arguably, political choices, past as well as present, the quality of governance and the business environment, availability of skills, finance and broader social and cultural characteristics may all have a say for how well this combinatory dynamics works. Based on a review of the literature on how technological, economic and social factors interact in the development process this paper sets out to explore these interrelationships empirically. The results, based on data for 75 countries on different levels of development, suggest that there is a strong correlation between technological capability, (innovation-friendly) governance and social capital, confirming, it is suggested, the important role played by politics and deeper social and cultural factors for technological catch-up (or lack of such). This contrasts with the role played by for instance openness to trade, FDI, etc., which - according to the results presented here - hardly correlates with anything.
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ItemWhy some countries develop (while others stay poor): The role of "capabilities" in development(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006-10) Fagerberg, Jan ; Srholec, Martin
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ItemInnovation and catching-up: Why some countries succeed and others do not(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005) Fagerberg, Jan
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ItemInnovation and Competitiveness(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005) Fagerberg, Jan
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ItemInnovation and catching-up(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004) Fagerberg, Jan ; Godinho, Manuel Mira
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ItemWhat do we know about innovation?(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004) Fagerberg, Jan
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ItemInnovation and Competitiveness(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004) Fagerberg, Jan
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ItemInnovation: A Guide to the Literature(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004) Fagerberg, JanInnovation is not a new phenomenon. Arguably, it is as old as mankind itself. However, in spite of its obvious importance, innovation has not always got the scholarly attention it deserves. This is now rapidly changing, however. As shown in the paper, research on the role of innovation economic and social change has proliferated in recent years, particularly within the social sciences, and often with a bent towards cross-disciplinarity. It is argued that this reflects the fact that no single discipline deals with all aspects of innovation, and that in order to get a comprehensive overview of the role played by innovation in social and economic change, a cross-disciplinary perspective is a must. The purpose of the paper is to provide the reader with a guide to this rapidly expanding literature. In doing so it draws on larger collective effort financed by the European Commission (the TEARI project, see http://tikpc51.uio.no/teari/teari.htm ), one of the outputs of which will emerge as Oxford Handbook of Innovation, edited by Jan Fagerberg, David Mowery and Richard R. Nelson.
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ItemThe Competitiveness of Nations: Economic Growth in the ECE Region(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004) Fagerberg, Jan ; Knell, Mark ; Srholec, MartinWhy do some countries grow much faster, and have much better trade performance, than other countries? What are the crucial factors behind such differences, and what can governments do in order to improve the relative position of their economies? This paper outlines a synthetic framework, based on Schumpeterian logic, for analysing such questions. Four different aspects of competitiveness are identified; technology, costs, capacity and demand. The framework is applied to a sample of 49 countries between 1993 and 2001.