(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009-10-03)
Ebersberger, Bernd; Edler, Jakob
This paper analyses (1) the context conditions of PRO and their roles in the (national) innovation systems, (2) the internationalisation strategies and (3) the effects of international activities on the performance and roles of PROs, whereby effects occur on the level of the organisations and on system's level. The paper thus contributes to the literature on the role of public research in the growing internationalisation of science and innovation. It also, more fundamentally, discusses the changes in the roles and functions of PROs more generally through internationalization. THe databasis is a large scale, comprehensive survey on German PROs and a set of case studies.
(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009-10-02)
Blind, Knut; Edler, Jakob; Georghiou, Luke; Uyarra, Elvira
This paper 1) discusses the concept of lead markets and the linkage of lead markets to societal and global goals 2) presents a novel concept to support and assess policy approaches that strive to create Lead Markets. 3) aims at discussing how formative and summative evaluation can be used to support demand based policy more generally and the challenges and limitations of those approaches. More generally, the concept developed is equally supportive when it comes to programmes that are geared towards solving national or global goals by creating favourable market conditions, especially demand conditions. The discussion shall inspire the academic community and the policy community to think about preparing and measuring developments and policy impact in demand based innovation and market supporting policies. Especially when public demand is used to stimulate markets in times of market contraction, to develop an analytical framework with which those concepts can be assessed is crucial.