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Georgia Water Resources Conference

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Author: Radcliffe, David E. × Author: Risse, L. Mark × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2000 ×

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Phosphorus and Sediment in Headwater Streams Draining Poultry Operations in the Upper Etowah River Basin, Georgia
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007-03) Romeis, Josh ; Jackson, C. Rhett ; Radcliffe, David E. ; Risse, L. Mark ; Bryant, J.
    A 1.5-year monitoring program was initiated in January 2005 to support a University of Georgia study aimed at evaluating nutrient trading opportunities for phosphorus (P) in the upper Etowah River basin in Georgia. Twelve first-order streams were instrumented with hydrologic monitoring equipment and automated samplers. Nine streams drain agricultural (AG) watersheds predominated by poultry operations but different in terms of land use history, best management practices, soil test P (STP) concentrations, and other factors. Three streams drain forested (FORS) watersheds. The monitoring program consisted of biweekly grab sampling coupled with stormchasing. From preliminary results, median low-flow and stormflow concentrations of total P (TP) in astreams were 0-1 and 1-3 orders of magnitude greater, respectively, than in FORS streams. The 3 highest median stormflow TP concentrations in AG streams were observed where 3 of the 4 highest STP concentrations were observed. Median low-flow total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations in AG streams were 0-1 order of magnitude greater than in forested streams. Median stormflow concentrations of TSS between the two land use types were within the same order of magnitude. Streamflow, STP, event mean concentrations, and other variables may be important for estimating P loads from agricultural watersheds monitored for the study.
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    Modeling Phosphorus Loading to Lake Allatoona: Implications for Water Quality Trading
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007-03) Radcliffe, David E. ; Lin, Z. ; Risse, L. Mark
    Lake Allatoona, a large reservoir north of Atlanta Georgia that drains an area of about 2870 km2, is threatened by excessive algal growth and scheduled for a phosphorus (P) TMDL. In this paper, we use the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) computer model to estimate the total P load to Lake Allatoona during the periods 1992-1996 and 2001-2004. We also use the model to estimate the contribution from different sources in the watershed. The total P load to Lake Allatoona increased by 20% between the two time periods. The contribution from point sources decreased from 30% to 13% of the total load due to permit restrictions on P for poultry processing plants. The largest nonpoint source of P was estimated to be forest land use in 1992-1996 accounting for 31% of the load and urban land use in 2001-2004 accounting for 50% of the load. Poultry/cattle land use accounted for 18% in 1992-1996 and 15% in 2001-2004. The implications for a program to trade P credits are: 1) point sources and poultry/cattle operations account for similar percentages of the current load, 2) urban development accounts for most of the current P load and should be brought into a trading program, 3) poultry processing plants that have not upgraded to better P removal technology might trade their current load to wastewater treatment facilities that accept their wastewater, 4) cattle in streams and row crops are not large sources according to our model, and 5) there is little net loss of P to streams during transport to Lake Allatoona so distance of a source from the lake may not be important in a trading scheme.
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    Land use effects on suspended sediment yield in six small Georgia watersheds
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005-04) Bradshaw, J. Kenneth ; Radcliffe, David E. ; Lichtenstein, Karin ; Bakker, Mark ; Jackson, Rhett ; Markewitz, Daniel ; Risse, L. Mark
    In Georgia, over 600 stream segments are scheduled for TMDL development due designated use. Seventy-seven stream segments are listed for excessive sediment. The state does not have quantitative standards for the regulation of sediment concentration. The development of sediment yields using appropriate reference streams with minimum development may be a way to determine what the maximum daily sediment loading should be for impaired streams. This study was initiated to compare water quality in six streams with differing land use. This paper focuses on suspended sediment comparisons among the six streams. Two streams drain areas that are entirely forested and these represent reference streams for the purpose of this study. Two streams drain areas that are predominately agricultural (one dairy and the other a combination of poultry and cattle), and two streams drain areas that are in subdivisions with septic systems. Suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) and stream stage were measured during base flow and storm flow conditions. Annual sediment and water yields were calculated and for each stream for the years 2003 and 2004. Average SSC ranged from 155 to 720 mg/L and was lowest in one of the forested steams and highest in the dairy stream. Sediment yield ranged from 0.91 to 10.11 Mg/ha/yr and was lowest in one of the forested steams and highest in the dairy stream. In general, the forested streams had the lowest sediment yields, the agricultural watersheds had the highest sediment yields, and the suburban streams were intermediate.