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Nano@Tech Lecture Series

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Novel Transfer Behavior at a Single Nanopore - Impedance Characteristics

2009-12-08 , Wang, Gangli

The talk will discuss novel mass transfer behavior through interfacial area in a single nanosized pore. A microscopic view of mass transfer through nanoscale interfacial region is probed by the combined voltammetric and impedance techniques. Results of single molecule sensing based on the novel nanopore impedance strategy will be presented.

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Electron Beam Lithography Fabricated Carbon Nanofiber Sensor for Water Based Biohazards

2009-09-22 , Brown, Devin K.

The Nanotechnology Research Center has partnered with Early Warning, Inc. to fabricate a sensor for detection of biohazards in water. The biosensor platform technology has been licensed to Early Warning by NASA and was originally designed with the intent to detect pathogens in remote space environments. Each target pathogen has its own working electrode which contains bioprobes of single strands of nucleic acids attached to the tips of the ultrasensitive carbon nanofibers. When the single strands of RNA from the sample come into contact with the bioprobes, complementary strands hybridize into double helices. A potential scan is applied and guanine oxidation causes a flow of electrons that is conducted by the nanowires. A ruthenium mediator amplifies the signal. These signals are calibrated with known values and can indicate the concentration levels of the target pathogen. The carbon nanofibers are grown in an Aixtron Black Magic CVD system using a substrate patterned with 100 nm diameter catalysts. The catalysts are fabricated with a JEOL JBX-9300FS electron beam lithography system using a liftoff process with polymethyl methacrylate resist.

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Innerspace, Biomimicry and the Aesthetics of Science

2009-04-21 , Oliveri, Michael

In this seminar, Michael Oliveri will talk about his recent work, future projects and discuss the similarities in process and aesthetics which science and art share.

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Curricular, Biochemical and Environmental Applications of Nanotechnology

2009-02-09 , Lynch, Will

Chemistry occupies a unique place in the university curriculum and is required by a wide variety of other disciplines because of its general utility. Unfortunately, the laboratory portion of the course does not always reflect the diversity and excitement of new research in and interesting applications of chemistry since the laboratory experience is designed to help the student master fundamental concepts. At Armstrong Atlantic State University (AASU) we are attacking this problem with the implementation of two series of nanotechnology based “vertical threads” throughout our chemistry curriculum. The vertical threads begin in the freshman year and provide continuity throughout the rest of the curriculum. Experiments direct the student’s attention towards modern applications of chemical technology while providing chemical fundamentals expected in traditional laboratory exercises. By seeing these recurring threads at ever increasing levels of complexity, students build upon knowledge gained about nanotechnology with each additional laboratory course. We have concentrated our efforts in two areas: magnetite nanoparticles and chalcogenide nanoparticles. Magnetite nanoparticles are prepared by freshmen students while more advanced students modify these nanoparticles for real-world applications. Chalcogenide nanoparticles are synthesized by junior and senior level students and their spectroscopic properties are studied. Senior and undergraduate research students are involved in green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles as well as the use of ZnS, CdS and ceria nanoparticles for photocatalysis applications. The upper division students learn numerous instrumental techniques within the context of nanotechnology. All students are presented with pre-laboratory and background materials that address the needs for new materials, new techniques for biomedical analysis and drug delivery, as well as the environmental impacts of nanotechnology.

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Nanotechnology for Chemical and Biological Defense: Policy, Programmatics, and Threat Anticipation

2009-10-27 , Kosal, Margaret E.

The pursuit of the minutely small “nanotechnology” is thriving in academia, in the private sector, and in global state science and technology programs. Through the science fiction of Star Trek and other quasi-fictional works, the notion of nanotechnology has entered the collective public psyche. To date, three broad topics have dominated discussion regarding nanotechnology risk: health and environmental consequences, privacy and legal implications, and uncontrolled self-replication and artificial intelligence. Security implications, both for traditional nonproliferation regimes and for potential misuse by non-state actors, have not received commensurate attention. At the same time, policy makers and the scientific community, domestically and internationally, are attempting to develop new means to address risks associated with biotechnology. As 21st century science and technology intrinsically traverses traditional borders “academic, public-private, and international” previous models are inadequate. Through examination of civilian and defensive applications (nanotechnologically-enabled countermeasures) and hypothetical offensive uses, the goal is to develop an analytic model to probe security questions surrounding this emerging technology. Recognizing and developing a robust analytical framework to assess implications of this emerging technology is an unexplored, cutting-edge research area for international security. Alternatively, the future may grapple with a nanotechnology A.Q. Khan.

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Axion Biosystems Neural Interfacing Company

2009-09-08 , O'Brien, Tom , Rajaraman, Swami

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Carbon-Based Interconnects for Nanoelectronic Systems

2009-04-07 , Naeemi, Azad

Interconnects have long been considered a major limitation for integrated circuits because of the delay they add to critical paths, the power they dissipate, the noise and jitter they induce on one another, and their vulnerability to electromigration. These problems are all exacerbated as interconnect dimensions scale to the dimensions comparable or even smaller than the mean free path of electrons in bulk copper. Carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons are being investigated as potential solutions to the challenges facing nanoscale interconnects because of their extremely large capacity for electrical and thermal conduction. Most of the fascinating properties of carbon nanomaterials can be attributed to their one dimensional nature, the exceptionally strong carbon bonds, and the peculiar bandstructure of graphene. In this talk, physical models are presented for carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon interconnects. These models are then used to benchmark them against conventional copper interconnects. The results offer important guidelines for technology development of these novel interconnects.

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Nanopantography: A Method for Parallel Writing of Etched and Deposited Nanopatterns

2009-10-19 , Donnelly, Vincent M.

Nanopantography is a radically different approach for parallel writing of pre-selected nanopatterns over large areas. Arrays of micro-electrostatic lenses (e.g., small round holes through a metal/insulator structure) on a substrate such as a silicon wafer focus ion beamlets at the bottoms of the holes. When the wafer is tilted, the focal points in each hole are laterally displaced, allowing the focused beamlets to be rastered across the hole bottoms and write patterns in a massively parallel manner. Examples will be given of Si nanoetching and Ni nanodot deposition.

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How Interdisciplinary is Nano?

2009-08-25 , Porter, Alan L.

Nanotechnology is commonly viewed as being multidisciplinary, although several studies of the multidisciplinary characteristics of nanotechnology find the term to be an umbrella expression for what in fact are unconnected fields. Alan Porter will present results from his recent work which draws on a database of nearly 500,000 nanoscience and engineering publications. His results locate nanotechnology amidst materials science, physics, and chemistry. By focusing on the cited references in these articles, he shows that nanotechnology articles cite on a diverse range of disciplinary areas.

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Electrochemical Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)

2009-02-24 , Stickney, John L.

Recent results in studies of the formation of compound and metal nanofilms by electrochemical atomic layer deposition (ALD) will be discussed. ALD is the deposition of materials an atomic layer at a time using surface limited reactions. Electrochemical surface limited reactions are generally referred to as underpotential deposition or UPD. By combining UPD and ALD, electrochemical ALD is created. Historically most electrochemical ALD has been performed in the creation of compound semiconductor thin films. More recently a number of elemental deposits have been formed by electrochemical ALD, and a surface limited reaction referred to here as a surface limited redox replacement or SLRR. Recent work on the formation of compound for photovoltaics, thermoelectrics, and for phase change memory may be discussed. In addition, recent work on the growth of Pt and Ru nanofilms for fuel cell electrodes may be described. Deposit characterization involves electron beam microprobe analysis (EPMA) for deposit stoichiometry. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction for structural characterization, while scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was used to characterize the surface morphology. Optical characterization involves reflection absorption studies as well as photoelectrochemical studies. Optimization studies involve systematic investigation of the conditions which result in the formation of one compound or elemental monolayer with each deposition cycle. In general, deposits formed at a rate of one monolayer per cycle or less show the best structure, stoichiometry and morphology. Nano templates can be used to form nanoclusters, rods or wires, depending on the number of cycles performed. Superlattices can be formed by alternating some finite number of cycles for the growth of one compound with a similar number of cycles of another. X-ray diffraction can then be used to characterize the period of the superlattice.

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