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Monte Carlo dynamics of diamond-lattice multichain systems

1986-01-30 , Kolinski, Andrzej , Skolnick, Jeffrey , Yaris, Robert

We present preliminary results of Monte Carlo studies on the dynamics of multichain diamond-lattice systems at considerably greater densities than those done previously. Chain dynamics were simulated by a random sequence of three or four bond kink motions. The single bead autocorrelation function exhibits "slow" mode relaxation behavior with a g(t)∝ tβ. There is a smooth crossover from Rouse-like dynamics, β=1/2, at low density to smaller values of β at higher density and β=0 at the glass transition density (φG≅0.92). The simulation provides a self-diffusion coefficient D ∝ n-2, with n the number of beads, in agreement with experiment. A phenomenological model, different from the widely accepted reptation picture, is proposed.

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Between-habitat differences in herbivore impact on Caribbean coral reefs

1983-12 , Hay, Mark E. , Goertemiller, Tim

Transplanted sections of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum were used as a bioassay to assess between-habitat differences in herbivory on three Caribbean reefs. Consumption of Thalassia by herbivorous fishes on shallow (1-10 m) reef slopes was significantly higher than on deep (30-40 m) reef slopes or on shallow reef flats. Seaweeds typical of reef flat habitats were rapidly consumed when placed on shallow reef slopes. Seaweeds typical of either deep or shallow reef slopes were relatively resistant to herbivory and a high proportion of these species are known to contain secondary chemical compounds that appear to deter herbivorous fishes. Shallow reef flats provide seaweeds with a predictable spatial escape from major reef herbivores; algae characteristic of these habitats have evolved few, if any, characteristics that significantly reduce losses to herbivory.