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ItemThe Business Elite: A Forgotten Force in the Civil Rights Movement, Birmingham & Atlanta, 1960-1963(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-12-13) Eide, KendallThis is a comparative paper focusing on the differences between Atlanta and Birmingham during the Civil Rights Movement. It highlights the important steps the business communities took, and how they varied in each city. It focuses on three major events: the Freedom Rides, school integration, and the desegregation of downtown businesses. In Atlanta, the business community was acting on a prior legacy of moderation. For decades, political and business leaders worked together to promote Atlanta as a “city too busy to hate.” In comparison, Birmingham was a city that had no moderate influence, and whose business leaders did not act until violence occurred. This was a trend that repeated itself throughout the years of the Civil Rights Movement. This paper focuses on the importance of the business community and the impact these leaders had on the course of the Civil Rights Movement.
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ItemThe Navajo Concept of Wind(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011-05-09) Hall, DellaWind – in Navajo language – is most commonly referred to as nilch’i. In simple terms, nilch’i may be translated as “the wind,” or as “holy wind.” But that simple translation does not capture the word’s full meaning. For the Navajo, nilch’i is considered the means of life. It represents not only a god, or holy person, but also a means of communication, the act of breathing, and every Navajo’s soul. Wind is present in virtually all aspects of Navajo culture. For this conference paper I will be focusing on three key topics: birth, the inner-wind soul, and religion. By understanding how wind fits into each of these themes, one can better understand the complexity and importance of this abstract concept of Wind – for which there is no equivalent in non-Native American Indian cultures of America. My paper will contribute a more complete grasp of the concept of Navajo Wind.
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ItemDetermining the Implications of Resegregation in the Atlanta Public School System and its Affect on Student Achievement(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011-05-09) Bringslid, DeniseDespite experiencing a fairly calm period of racial integration, Atlanta’s inner-city region is one of the most racially segregated metropolitan areas in the nation. This division spans all components of Atlanta’s culture, including, most importantly, the Atlanta Public School System (APS). Children in Atlanta are neither learning within a racially diverse atmosphere nor receiving a quality, well-rounded education to properly prepare them for life’s challenges. The development of the APS between 1950-1980 was characterized by distinct periods of segregation, desegregation, attempted integration, White flight, and resegregation. It is through this process that the demographics of the system made a complete 180-degree turn, going from a majority White system in the early 1950s to an almost 100% Black system in the early 1990s. The continual sense of under-achievement, repeated poor rates of student retention, and an overall lack of quality classroom experiences within the majority Black APS all contribute to an unequal distribution of opportunity and support across the metro-Atlanta region since most majority White suburban districts bordering the city of Atlanta have the resources that the APS lacks, for example, generous funding, high parent involvement, engaged students, and a highly-qualified teachers. Ultimately, this unequal distribution contributes to the achievement gap, which is broadly defined as the gross disparity between average standardized test scores of White students and Black students. This paper focuses on the long-term effects of desegregation and resegregation, showing how Atlanta’s unique racial history molded its educational system into a state of desperation. Atlanta’s development as an emerging metropolitan region set the stage for a complicated, up-hill battle to create a uniform, diverse educational system that produces high-achieving graduates and promotes life-long learning.
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ItemRetroactive Heresy: The influence of early Christian heresies on the identification and reaction to heretical sects during the High Middle Ages(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011-05-09) Farhan, Hannah MarieThe medieval Church viewed itself as Defender of the Faith, the destroyer of the unbelievers, the wrong believers. The culminate opposition to heresy, the Inquisition, was the embodiment of an overall sentiment that had been building in all aspects of medieval society. The enemy of the Inquisitor was a singular heretic, as the medieval Church had by then formed a single identification and the doctrinal differences between heretics had ceased to be considered relevant. The central issues of this essay shall be what influenced various spheres of medieval society – the theologians, the papacy and episcopates, and the populace at large – to seek the identification of a single heretic and prompt the ensuing reaction. By comparing the identification of heresy in the Middle Ages to that of early Christianity, or the Patristic era, the influences upon medieval theologians can therefore be examined in parts. First, this essay analyzes the similarities between Scholastic anti-heretical polemics and Patristic refutations to illustrate how medieval theologians were influenced by a legacy of anti-heretical fervor. Then it examines, from the legacy of fear started by Patristic authors, the impacts on the state of the increasingly literate middle class and how this compares to increasingly drastic accounts of popular anti-heretical fervor. Finally, this essay ascertains how, between the theologians and population, anti-heretical fervor pushed towards a single, universal heretic. In particular, how the Church sought to use titular labels to help mitigate the huge discrepancies between scholarly and popular names for the various so-called heresies spanning regions.
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ItemMedical Marijuana: Redefining the Social Politics of Reality(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008-12-15) Farmer, Kathryn ElizabethMedical marijuana is a pertinent and controversial topic in contemporary American society. Those against medical marijuana cite the "dangers" the drug presents to society and claim that there is no, and has never been, any medical utility of marijuana. Advocates of medical marijuana refute preconceived ideas of marijuana being dangerous and cite thousands of years of historical evidence that lends credence to the proposed therapeutic effects. Since the prohibition of marijuana in 1937, the federal government has portrayed a negative image of marijuana that remained dominant in public opinion until it began to be challenged forty years ago. Contrary to the statements of the federal government that marijuana has no medical use, world history and modern science has indicated its therapeutic potential. As a result of several medical marijuana laws being enacted since 1996, Congress held a hearing in 2001 to discuss the issues of medical marijuana, federal law enforcement, and the supremacy clause. Many images of marijuana and the user were presented that represented old, traditional beliefs, as well as new images that represent the emerging medical marijuana culture. The disparate views of marijuana can be explained by each person’s own special perception of the drug, which is shaped by one’s own pre-conceived notions, environment, personal experiences, and special view of "reality." Marijuana Medical marijuana
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ItemWhich Witch? The Controversy Surrounding Bewitched and Harry Potter(Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008-05-05) Turbiville, Natalie F.Beginning in 1999, J.K. Rowling began to receive criticism about her Harry Potter series, which was first published in 1997. Christian Fundamentalists in opposition to the books argued that occult themes present in the series were harmful to the spiritual development of children. Those in opposition cited the negative response to the popular TV series Bewitched during its initial airing in the 1960s as grounds for rejecting Harry Potter. This connection was made because the popular television series and the successful book series both contained witchcraft elements; however, this connection is false. Primary sources show that Bewitched was not challenged based on the issue of witchcraft during its initial airing in the 1960s and 1970s. Despite modern Christian fundamentalistsâ claims, the modern negative response to Bewitched is built on contemporary reflection. When Christian fundamentalists seek to prove that their outcry against the witchcraft used in Harry Potter is not unique it is suggested that America had rejected a form of media based on witchcraft when the public spoke out against Bewitched in the 1960s. In fact, the claim that Bewitched received criticism during its initial airing is incorrect. My research shows a direct contemporary correlation between the protest to Harry Potter beginning in 1999 and the rejection of Bewitched by Christian fundamentalists based on the issue of witchcraft.