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MARILYN SOMERS:
Carter, class of 1946,

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conducted by Marilyn
Somers on September the 20,

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1995 at the Carter Center
in Atlanta, Georgia.

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The subject of this interview
is student life at Georgia Tech.

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President Carter, thank you so
much for having us here today.

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Will you tell us your story in
relationship to Georgia Tech,

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please?

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PRESIDENT CARTER:
Well, my ambition

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had always been to go
to the US Naval Academy.

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And I had finished one year at
Georgia Southwestern College,

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but I couldn't get an
appointment to Annapolis

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until a year in the future.

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And I scouted about for the
best school in the nation

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to prepare me for the final
examinations for Annapolis

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and to have a good career there.

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And obviously, Georgia
Tech was the choice.

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So I went to Tech and I had
one quarter as a freshman.

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That was Tech's rules.

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So I had to wear
a RAT cap, and I

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had all the hazing of a
freshman, which in a way

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prepared me for Annapolis,
which was even worse than that.

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I lived in Knowles dormitory.

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I was very active
in the Naval ROTC.

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And worked out
there in many ways

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as a preparatory thing
for going to Annapolis.

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I took the most
advanced courses I could

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in chemistry and physics,
in electrical engineering

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and mechanical drawing,
as we knew it then.

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And also, I believe in Spanish.

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So the Tech experience
was wonderful for me.

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It was the first
time away from home.

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Georgia Southwestern College
is just 10 miles from my house,

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so this was my first experience
away from home in my life.

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Tech was much more difficult
academically than I thought.

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In fact, I've been
to four universities.

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Tech is by far the
most difficult.

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And although I made fairly good
grades because I was a dedicated

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student, knowing that my life in
the Navy would depend on it all,

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I had a hard time with
electrical engineering.

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It's the most difficult
course I have ever

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had to study, even nuclear
physics of an advanced nature

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at Union College in
Schenectady, New York, later.

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The main roommate I
had was Robert Ormsby.

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Ormsby was a scholar.

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He and I were somewhat
competitive in the classroom.

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He was an aficionado of
classical music, which I

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professed at first not to like.

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I remember one day he went to
a four-hour mechanical drawing

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laboratory.

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And while he was gone, I
put on his classical music.

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I remember it was Afternoon
of a Faun by Debussy,

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and I was standing there
really enjoying the music

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and directing the
imaginary orchestra

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when Ormsby came back
to get another book

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and found me loving his music.

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We had something of
some confrontations

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because we were
competitive academically.

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Later, when I became
governor, I was

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invited to go out
to Lockheed to see

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the first edition of the C-5A.

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And when I got
there, I was amazed

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to find that Robert
Ormsby, my former roommate,

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was the chief executive
officer of Lockheed.

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And I told him that.

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And he said, ''Do you think you
were surprised to see me head

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of Lockheed?

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How do you think I felt when
you were elected governor

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of Georgia?'' So we've
stayed in contact.

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And he's retired at this time.

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I had to earn some money.

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I didn't have much money.

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So I was an usher
at Grant Field.

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Since Knowles dormitory is
almost part of a football

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stadium, I was an
usher every Saturday

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during the football, every
time we played at Georgia Tech.

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And I helped take people
to their proper seat.

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And also got a free
ticket, obviously,

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to go to the game,
which was good.

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I knew Bobby Dodd as a very
notable person, and others

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at Tech.

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But as far as individual
professors are concerned,

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I don't remember their names.

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I remember some of
their characteristics

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and some of their stern ways.

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Tech really introduced me
to a strict discipline.

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I had a good time
at Georgia Tech.

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I had a girlfriend then out
in the East part of Atlanta.

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I used to ride the
street car out there.

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When I went from Georgia
Tech back and forth

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to downtown Atlanta, I
walked down Techwood Avenue,

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and I still remember
the route very well.

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And the only other thing
that I recall offhand

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is that they had a
very good YMCA there,

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and we used to go to the
YMCA and play ping pong.

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And I think they had
a billiards table.

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MARILYN SOMERS: So there
was time for social life,

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even though--

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PRESIDENT CARTER:
Some social life.

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And then I went to church
at the First Baptist Church.

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And on occasion, could
go to the Fox Theater.

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But it was a time
of no foolishness.

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We were in the war,
and those of us

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who were in the
Navy in any capacity

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felt that we were part of
the military services in not

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a frivolous but a
very serious way.

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MARILYN SOMERS: Has a
way of maturing people.

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PRESIDENT CARTER:
Yeah, that's true.

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And it wasn't a time-- it wasn't
a proper thing for students

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at Tech to be
ostentatiously frivolous.

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We had good times and
the so-called RATs,

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they had to wear the
cap all the time.

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And we were pushed around
somewhat by the senior students.

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But Tech really taught me a lot.

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When I got to the
Naval Academy, I

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was well advanced compared to
other students at the Naval

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Academy in the
engineering courses.

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And I went through
the Naval Academy

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and then later did graduate
work in nuclear physics.

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When my oldest son came along,
not because of any pressure

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from me, but he chose to
go to Georgia Tech as well.

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Got a degree in
nuclear physics there.

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And then decided to go into law.

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So he went to the
University of Georgia

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and went through law school.

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But our ties to Georgia
Tech have been-- always

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been very close.

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MARILYN SOMERS: It pleased
you that he went there then.

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PRESIDENT CARTER:
Yeah, it really

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did please me that
he went there.

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And I still feel an intense
loyalty to Georgia Tech

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is a peculiar thing.

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But when I was governor
later and Georgia Tech

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would play Navy in
football, I would certainly

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invite the superintendent
of the Naval Academy

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to come to the
governor's mansion for--

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maybe even to spend the night.

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And I was eager
to know how things

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were going on at Annapolis.

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But I found myself
uncontrollably supporting

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Georgia Tech, even against
my more serious later alumni

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where I was a graduate.

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And I think that
anyone who goes to Tech

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is filled with a certain
permanent spirit.

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And the songs and the Ramblin'
Wreck automobile and the yellow

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jacket symbol still arouse
a great deal of sentiment

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of a pleasant nature in me.

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MARILYN SOMERS: Did you
ever have an occasion

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to meet Dean Griffin
while you were there?

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PRESIDENT CARTER: Well, I knew
Dean Griffin and knew of him.

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And I'm sure I met him,
maybe, as all freshmen did

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when they first went
in, because he was such

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an effusive outgoing person.

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And he tried to make
all the Tech students--

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some of us were very
homesick and first experience

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in a big city.

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And as I say, it was my
first time away from home.

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But Dean Griffin always
tried to do everything

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he could to make
us feel that we did

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have a family at Georgia Tech.

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MARILYN SOMERS: He tried to make
everybody go into the Navy ROTC,

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too.

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PRESIDENT CARTER: That's true.

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Well, he didn't have
to make me because that

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was my first request.

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And I put a lot of
time into ROTC effort

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because I knew I was going
from there to Annapolis.

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So I had a pretty sure
subsequent appointment.

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At that time, the
appointments a year in advance

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were not very common, but
I had a definite commitment

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from my Congressman that
if I could wait one year,

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that I would get
the appointment,

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providing all my academic
credentials were in good shape.

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And having finished
my time at Tech,

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I had no problem with
the Naval Academy exams.

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MARILYN SOMERS: So
it served you well.

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PRESIDENT CARTER: Yeah,
it served me well then,

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and it still serves me well.

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When I was governor, by the
way, I had a great concern

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that the Board of Regents
was heavily dominated,

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which is putting it
mildly, by Georgia alumni.

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And I made sure that Georgia
Tech didn't get left out.

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But I think that historically,
the governors of Georgia

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had been graduates of the
University of Georgia.

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Almost all of 15
board of Regents

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were graduates of the
University of Georgia.

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When there was a choice
between getting some money

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and not getting much, the
University of Georgia got it.

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Georgia Tech had to do without.

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When they built the
stadium at Georgia Tech,

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it was built very
inexpensively then

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and the Tech alumni and others
had to raise a lot of the money.

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When they built a stadium at
the University of Georgia,

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the state paid for
the whole thing.

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So one thing I did
when I was governor

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was to really
protect Georgia Tech.

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And I don't think Tech has
ever had a better friend

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in the governor's office.

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MARILYN SOMERS: I'm sure not.

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Mr. President, as
someone who has

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gone on to great things,
accomplished many things

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in the world, was it good
to have had an engineering

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background?

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Do you ever find that
that's been helpful for you?

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PRESIDENT CARTER: Oh,
it's been helpful to me

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in shaping the way
I do things, the way

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I address complicated issues.

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To do an analysis
ahead of time, to try

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to see what all the
factors involved,

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to weigh the factors
these are important,

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these are not very important.

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And then to try to explain it
in logical terms, I've written,

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I think, 10 books,
and even maybe

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including my book of poetry.

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I think my style of
writing is still shaped

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by the engineering necessity to
be concise and understandable.

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So I think in almost everything
I've done as a professor

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now for 12, 13
years, as an author,

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as a poet, as a
governor, as a president,

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my whole life has been shaped to
a great degree by engineering.

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And I worked in the
Navy for the greatest

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engineer who perhaps has ever
lived, Admiral Hyman Rickover.

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And I was able to, within
certain boundaries,

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get along well with probably
the sternest taskmaster

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that any young
person has ever had,

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Admiral Rickover, because
I did have the Georgia Tech

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background.

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MARILYN SOMERS: We
set you up for that.

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PRESIDENT CARTER: That's right.

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And I remember when
I was president,

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I came back to Georgia Tech.

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There's a law in Georgia that
prohibits the universities

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from giving honorary degrees.

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And I was invited
back to make, I think,

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the graduation address at
Georgia Tech, maybe in 1978.

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I don't remember the exact year.

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And they changed the
law to say that anyone

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who is an alumnus of a
university in Georgia, who later

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became president of
the United States,

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can get an honorary degree.

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So I have an honorary
degree from Georgia Tech.

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MARILYN SOMERS:
Oh, wonderful case.

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PRESIDENT CARTER: So I'm not
just an avid and grateful

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undergraduate, but I'm also--

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I have a PhD from Georgia
Tech as an honorary.

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MARILYN SOMERS: But which
we're very proud of as you

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are, too, very proud.

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Can you think of anything else
you want to share with us?

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We know how valuable
your time is.

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PRESIDENT CARTER:
No, I think not.

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Except here at
the Carter Center,

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we still rely very
heavily on Georgia Tech.

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When we have an interesting
challenge in Latin America

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or with a developing nation,
or with a special factor, say,

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forestry or
environment, I regularly

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turn to Georgia Tech for help.

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When we had the first major
conference here at the Carter

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Center after it was established
on nuclear arms control,

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we shared with Georgia
Tech the responsibility

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for analyzing the theoretical
and practical nature of arms

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control.

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And so we've tried to retain
our ties with Georgia Tech

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very easily, I might say.

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It hadn't been a difficult thing
right up to the present moment.

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And as you know, in the
Atlanta project, which

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is one of our major efforts
at the Carter Center,

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Georgia Tech is an
academic partner of one

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of our key cluster communities.

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So in every way we can, we still
use the Georgia Tech support.

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And the central headquarters
of Atlanta project,

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the entire computer
system, as you may know,

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has been devised and shaped by a
cooperation between Georgia Tech

00:13:16.320 --> 00:13:18.320 align:middle line:90%
experts and IBM.

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So in many ways, my
present life is still

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shaped to a great
degree by Georgia Tech.

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MARILYN SOMERS:
Wonderful partnerships.

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Wonderful collaborations.

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PRESIDENT CARTER: Since
I was 18 years old.

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MARILYN SOMERS: Thank you
very much for your time, sir.

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PRESIDENT CARTER:
It's a real pleasure.

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Thank you, Marilyn.

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