We have a Riyadh guy on.

Riyadh is the senior designer
senior engineer with move

there in Montreal but
also has a kind of design background so

real estate in his favor green
engineering and then did a masters

degree in the A in London with focus on
their face competition to design not be

correct I mean he's now leading
the engineering group in error in

Montreal Mr Tucker the structure of sorrow
Yes it is our existence of the structure

of the air in most of the you know
nowhere is that we say you want to

do us good most prestigious design for
design engineering firms in the world.

You are not on the.

Earth you should be moving
higher we're going.

To resign effective and
losing all your perspective I was.

Here to go to work she's also the editor
faculty member at McGill University and

I think she's going to talk
about some of that work.

Some of the Polish work on the boat
a little bit I think that maybe we'll

have some of your song was about the kind
of work that happens if you know in

the student perspective that you know
always you know for projects of.

I'm a living there and that's you know
I think remember this is all about

this issue so
little you guys will generally white.

Women are seen to be here
in this office Believe

me you must.

Do the dishes or even the boy that was

yeah I don't I don't buy that at times.

Plus thinks I ought to stand for it for
that interaction I know that everyone says

this when they councell lectures that but
it's a really it's a great thing.

Pressure to be here with you with all
of you today thanks very much for

for inviting me here.

I'm hopin that I'm going to be able to
you know all props and a lot of new or

inspire you today at least for
what's left of the Friday maybe for

the whole weekend you know.

Maybe it's in the United States had to the
fickle thing because Fridays are always

inspired in certain ways.

They missed part by
asking you to questions.

How many of you think that
an artist can be an engineer and

how many of you think about the office it
is also true that an engineer can also be

an artist and
you don't have to have the style he.

Say any a fan of respond to it.

But the reason why I started with this is
because I think there are a lot of people

that tend to think that our time
engineers are completely separate and

they tend to but then are just
engineers into two different boxes and

they tend to be fine art as perhaps London
just a there with a static and beauty.

And form and engineering just something
to do with efficiency and I comics and

I'm saying just OK because I
don't think it's just about Dot

in either this to blame and I thing
that I actually artists architects and

engineers and the whole design community
should be very related to each other and

should really work in
a collaborative manner.

So.

You know.

The reason why I think they
are indeed related it's because

engineers in order to do their work they
really need to be continuously thinking of

new ways new solutions to the existing
products and new solutions to change and.

Problems and an artist is also

always chasing new ways of
communicating thoughts feelings and.

IDEAS And so
in reality they're both pioneers.

They're all good they're all the time
chasing Are they should be they're good

accomplished artists and accomplished
engineers should always be looking for

new ways of doing their work.

And in fact when you look back in history
hundreds of years ago all artists son

into nears were not separated were
sometimes the same person I mean I'm sure

you all know of the example of the who
doesn't know about him right he wasn't

just an artist or just trying to text or
or just an engineer in fact he was

a true inventor or true maker that was
able to combine all of those disciplines

into one person to do his work.

And you know I wonder what
have been from him to some

more recent history and
I believe what happened is that bondsman's

technology actually sadly
relegated engineers to

a corner and sometimes really
gaited them just to do calculations

calculations I would say
actually execute calculations.

And I find that quite sad because.

I do believe that the actual in
degrees of all of this discipline for

engineers architects and
you know overall designers.

Is the best way of actually achieving
good design and good design is good for

for everybody right for clients for
ourselves we feel more accomplished for

Holly who is going to use it except from.

Now.

In the last the kids we can see that
there has been a shift towards integrated

this sign which you know a lot of people
think that it's something new but in fact.

It's not new and
that's what that entry was doing and

that's why it's her off our of
was also doing at his time.

But integrated this time is
come in handy I hung with

our dance competition and
with the Asian and

it's really said in a common ground for
our YOU takes artists and

all types of this time years
to collaborate in the same.

In a very collaborative manner so.

I think you might be wondering how is
the band's composition really helping

into integrated design I'm not going
to say or I'm not going to argue that

dance competition is just what you
need to achieve integrated design but

it certainly helps so it's not just
that that is going to guarantee that

you're going to have an integrated design
approach but it's certainly going to help

our Does architects and
engineers be on the same common ground.

Again you might be wondering
how is that possible and

I'll tell you a little bit of my story.

When I went to engineering a school I
learned all of these different Romulan

which is just Java H.T.M.L. basic Fortran.

And it was only when I wanted
a about four years later

that I was actually realizing that
architects were also using those and that

I could speak in that language before that
I was practicing I was I was working at R.

and I actually never came across
a situation where I could collaborate with

Tolkien the same the same the same
language the language of Coleman.

So I think there is clearly a shift to
words architects artists and engineers.

Using code in as the language
that we all kind.

Speak and can collaborate with.

The same time because at the end
of the day we are makers.

Architects you to maidenly
build frames that the they

are the profession is there to build
fans and so our engine errors if we

are actually means that we're
going to leave holding with the.

Then.

Code in becomes actually useless so

our lives you really understand the Asian
tools and know what they can do for

you today and what they're going to
be able to do for you in the future.

You're not going to be able to make them
all out of the code in the euro land.

So I guess you know him out of all of
his files I think I'll talk to him.

And let's see if I can actually
show you a few projects where

you can really distinguish
our target sector and

engineering because they
are right I think they are fully

integrated and.

I'm going to start with this which is a
research project that I did at the During

my if this is what we did is
as part of our biomimicry

stylee will study the architecture
of the drone will fly when.

And you know your mind is thinking well
where it is they've been there that is

actually going to teach you something
about how you build something else and

what we found is that is it was actually
a fairly interesting destructor and

you can see here that it is
highly complex but it is also

fairly simple in the way
the geometry is executed for for

making indeed drone fly a very
efficient animal impassive

flight when I say passive fly what
happens is that the dragon fly when flies

it doesn't tell the wind to actually.

Do anything more complex than just this.

But the wind is the sun.

In such a way that it will cumber
away in minutes to come or and

it will be rigid the way needs to be rigid
so that you actually get to move within

the fluid of air and you'll see that
interview that I'm going to show next.

But before that as I said there
are song areas in the here

that because they are there's
a lady with hex so long.

They are there to make it more
flexible and also to fill a space in

a more effective way because we all know
that the most effective way of filling up

space is Heck silence right.

And.

Instead of having her excellence on all of
this front part because this has to resist

fairly large when loads.

All of the cells in here are a square
of cells or rectangle ourselves and

they are perpendicular at this main veins
which are in fact taking all of this or

pretty much all of their will now
you might think that the wind

is actually floods to
humanize the looks but

it isn't they have not the case is the
women really corrugated and you can see

that through all of this sections they
can this locations from the wind.

When you look at the other microscope
you actually see that we all of these

correlations are actually quite into
it and you have different joins.

Components as well throughout the wind for
certain movements and do not allow for

others all of that articulation
is really make you know when.

An object that can make the drone
flying malls I'm a man of or

the way the drone fly wants
out of a fairly simple

most men throughout its flight.

So how does it really work I'm
showing you this diagram So

there you can understand better the man.

What happens is that if you imagine
if you're in a swimming pool and

you try to swim and you try to
advance if you just do this you're

not going to get very far right when you
need to do and you know this if you've

ever seen which I assume you have is that
you actually have to create thrust and

to create thrust have to do
the sort of torment that it's going

to pull So you're right you need to have.

You need to basically create a wave on the
fluid that's what the drone fly is doing

in the fluid of air.

And so we're just seeing this simulation
that we didn't use in our in the hollers

strict Also where is the harmonic
hybrid or more of the when Ok so

what we've done is we put the wind
load we put its own weight.

And then this is how the wind actually
more than you can see that there are areas

that are flexible fairly flexible to
create that thrust right to cumber and

create that through as well this search
here is remaining quiet rigid and

you can see that it's creating
quite a nice stiffness

in that area to be able to resist all
of the window that comes this way and

also this way.

All year exactly this is the live

image.

Now how we actually come
to use all of this.

I think an end to our detector.

Well we use the very
limited amount of all of

the things we learned throughout
the study of there when.

And what we use for this for it is
inflatable a structure which actually was

part of a temporary problem for the.

For one of the.

Events during the summer opening
events for the theater festival in

collaboration with the Baha'i faith is
that we use the idea of having the square

cells on the brain of the structure
while the pencil on the headstock

on ourselves we're actually
creating flexibility.

So where the structure needed to
actually cumber and me flexible we

use on ourselves to be more
rigid we use the square

cells.

This is the.

Other was installed on the first
shot of the existence the I'm

doing in Jan I in Germany.

And this was a project that was actually
done in collaboration with artists argue

takes on engineers so you know the people
that appear in the first quarter there

we're saying we're actually not
professional actors some of them where for

they are for some others were
writers some others were artists and

some others where I
could expand engineers.

The next project I like to show you is
that we did help me an artist John Gray.

Out of Seattle.

He you know they are just came to
Oz with the idea of me Canales

called her out of the historical boat that
I had actually been fairly famous for

the history of the United States and
especially of Seattle and

I was there were one there were one ship.

Happening is that they
wanted to keep it but.

Couldn't keep it in its original shape
because most of the wood that was actually

on top of the water both the sea
level was infernally bad condition so

what they did was raised early
this month all the ship and.

All of the planks and
then they said well let's make

something let's make your
sculpture out of it so

this are some of the first models
that the artist but together.

His idea was to you know
to create a sort of hue.

To words to rule with or
could actually filter a lot of cruel.

And all crude or or an opening.

And that heart to be actually looked
at very carefully because Seattle

is also a seismic zone as you can as as
you My know as pretty close to this and

I'm here for.

And it has to be that it's on for size
makes of this join that you see here is

actually to make sure that the schools
are going to actually sue in this way or

this way pretty much in any way.

On this plane while it's been
suspended from the role so

that it doesn't impose on the roof.

As a new home and therefore tries to
get loads and tries to change the way

the system built an existing
museum is built.

Now one of the key things
that your man actually be.

Wondering is how do you
actually get from the straight

climbs into a dolly
curved surface like this.

Right so what we were asked was
to do this out of this how do you

do that.

Well by carving up Christmas
cuts know what homely.

We had to come out with with a system
basically of how we were going to

lay out all of this planks in such a way
that we could create a surface I was

going to have to change curvature
both this axis and this axis.

So we did that by basically it's
a commencing the sculptor into different

into different sections and then we
have to leave made the actual carving or

you can see there are the limitations
of the students the machine as to

haul Monch thickness it could actually
car for each of the planks and

that have been in this axis on the hub and
again in this axis.

So the idea was as I
said we had the planks

running this way we were going to carve
then this way on the walls of this way and

then in between each of
the second men's we would have

still sections that were actually going
to support each of those planks and

bringing all of the forces to the roof so
basically all of this culture is suspended

from the roof on a suspended
through this size.

And then this ribs are there for
horizontal.

Restraint and
also to basically pick up the forces.

Those are some of the pictures of this and
see other works so.

As I was saying we had to go through
there where were the limitations in

the thickness of the material I'm
a sickly how much we could actually carve

before we run out of the thickness of

the planks.

These are single plans.

Then there was another layer or

let's say craftsmanship that the that
they are it is hard to do and I was

they mean all of this holes through
the plans so that you could actually for

the line through from the rules
on to the rest of the room.

So he added all of this holes and
cones and

then started to actually carve
the monolith that was done by hand and

that was the artist joist because
that way he could actually I guess in

a bit more off of his own personnel.

College as opposed to just
doing it with the sensei but

you know it could have been
gone with the syncing.

As well.

So these are some of the panels
when they are finished or

about to be finished and
they will do a lot for

early not like they're bringing
him out all of the Nihilists.

Brought in as well as the mass
of the original material.

Or is it you.

Or your D P Yes Yeah of course

all of this it's the deficit is a separate
part yeah but it's basically being glued

onto the wood and then it's being carved
so I guess if you will word to look for

early clothes you could see that there
would be a same in here but reaching.

Yeah.

These are sort of the pictures of
the installation of the structure.

So those are those are the steel rips
that you saw in that diagram and

right now this was all done in.

The grasshopper which I'm
sure you're familiar with.

And that's how lives
started to filter through.

The sculptor.

And these are just some pictures
of the finished product.

And as you can see here that's the the
joint commission that I was talking about

at the very beginning where sculpture
is the in suspended from the roof but

then this here with the little space
there relieving in between the old men in

the broad is actually what
we can call a seismic.

Seismic bearing although it's not really
bearing but you see what I mean basically

this can move on this
plane in any of attics OK.

OK So the next project is actually quite
an unconventional one because first

of all it is made of paper so this was
something we did out of them on trial and

thrown off this and when I had to
talk to the builders that addicts

are this little competition
a little called for

an interest building with paper on
about suspend the economy all of

five meters over an eight meters
opening in the hall in front

if you talk to someone like that and you
mention you are going to be in the steel

are you going to do it in wood or that
it's OK You know it's not a problem but

you know what this time we
are actually doing it in.

OK that doesn't seem very safe so
what are we doing here

this was an initiative
by a group of hard to.

Call They basically organize several.

You can say part it is or.

Basically little competition for.

Or all drawn are based are just
two sides is a bit and

the only requirement is that
you have to bill fines with.

Paper or cardboard any hostile be.

Something that has been used before so
you're at sensually upcycling.

Cardboard or paper and in this case
as well with his hide it was to use.

A one shifts that were used in the office
on and created in our economy a structure

that could actually spawn the eight
meters that we needed to spawn.

So I'm going to actually play a little V.
view that.

Will show you this was
a video that we did for

the untrained.

But it is a.

Better.

Place to.

Live where these people are in the OR.

Is the will.

Of the world but.

That is it is.

This is the truth is earth is going.

To visit her future.

This is the years

of.

Big big holes all.

It's.

A.

Long long.

Hair.

Holding one of those.

However good as a leader
it was honestly just.

GIRL Stay off the wrist or reason here.

This is get better is
right well this is our.

Brothers this is.

The benefit of all the.

Long.

Long long long.

Haul.

Will have a good life if you
just live with another good.

Your.

Boss.

Moody you letting others progress of Hong.

Kong hold his own back yard.

Where years many.

Many years now home in his heart and
each day.

And night long in his
mind where our ne'er.

Be who are sure to be in.

The Must he had here this is.

His.

Fire listen listen listen this leaves
me to say it is just that it used

to be just for everybody who's motives
business is legal the memorial service.

IS I.

Want to play a.

Long long.

Long.

War.

Really you would do it with just your but
it.

Will deliver it really.

Gives me pleasure that it was.

This little.

GIRL IN THE LAST lives of those little
girls was just the whole world is a

little.

Bit.

More open.

Yeah it'll a little this is the setting.

They say that this is this

is.

A kid to.

Basically as you heard we did is collect
all of the A one ships that we hide

in the offices and there are boxes
in the diamonds made our good X.

office as well throughout several months.

When Basically you form ships all of life.

And we have started to fall in them and
say that is kind of simple and

it sounds all very straightforward but
it wasn't like that of course we find that

a lot of the modeling that we had on the
through grasshopper and various software

was it was good to inform the design
process but it was not as highly.

Exactly how the paper then afterwards
reacted because there was a lot of

things that we had to.

Bridge in The Sims and
how the sims were gone and

the Sims were being gone by different
people and so all of the human errors sort

of I cumulated in our you
know what is called her.

You know it's something that we did that
is relatively normal and it's the default

by default is something that
you always have to try to.

Do.

To basically.

And sure that once you install it it's
all going to work but it's never really

going to happen there are always going
to be fans that you never accounted for

even if you had to do millions of
simulations in various different

software is and
millions of products as well.

So these are some of the images
of the product I've sat with

the first few months.

I would like to different origami.

Patterns as well we've
tested various of them and

tested how rigid they can really be.

And this is the picture
of my colleague Andrew

three am in the morning where he
actually came up with the prototype and

he displayed it the very it could be made
on his head so you can imagine that at

that time in the night he was quite hubby
actually that it was started to work but

it took it took us a really a long
time to get something like that and

then you might see that the actual
a scale of this prototype is

really smaller to what we actually hide so
I were false actually as well

because we have to cover such a large
distance we had to make them bigger and

they did not necessarily behave in the
same way that this ones were behaving so

you know I'm not going to.

Lie to you in reality see the way this
was them performing in the space was.

Relative free we are not in a society.

How we had intended it to be.

But it was still a fairly
adventurous project and

we were pretty hard day with how I looked
at B. and how we were able to make

a statement of look we've been able
to build something this size just

with use paper that you had all
there was just discarded and.

Basically never saw it again.

The colors are just delighted so
they're all chorus and

they really have been pain there and
this is just go on.

Yeah I was it was it was so
with with red we had to have leg

mechanical sewing machines that
were actually used for kilts.

To to do this so.

There was a lot of hard labor as well you
know saw the pictures that saw that I've

shown in the office that's how the Toronto
office was like all full of paper and

of course as I said these that next to
that we had in Toronto is very supportive

of the project and he was very hobby but

we needed a lot of support from pretty
much everyone in this front office to

hello been you know weekend and stuff
like that but everyone was very like.

You know proud of doing this so
yeah we were I guess we're very likely.

Now this project I'm going to show you
has that completely different scale I'm

not sure if you're familiar with it that
is the métropole process done in Spain.

By our get the jury in my ear and it was
gone by our out of our Madrid office.

It's quite an intervention and
such a historic part of the B.

and it had a lot of.

Different reactions from the neighbors and
from pretty much everyone so

you had something to say about that side
of him for that matter when Spain to so.

It took a while for people to want to
really see the benefit of this is tractor

inside share his story so place.

Now I'm going to talk to you a little
bit about the actual link it's scripting

parliamentary you sign
off something like this

because of course is you could also do it
without any of this up to my station but

it won't look the same and
it will be a complete the waste of money.

So what we did was we've basically hired

a thickness on a joint type of the two
parameters that we were able to change we

not necessarily went into changing
the geometry that was something that

the architect discussed with highs and
we worked through as well but

we decided that the actual rectangular
grid was a good grip and we kept it.

So the only two things that we were
actually manipulating when we came to

the structural analysis word to join
the story the fitness on the joint.

What happens is that we tested how
good were dosed to perform what were

basically each of the planks
performing if they were within capacity

then we will actually say OK if it's
OK we'll obviously you start to

finesse the thickness and the.

Lower number of boards.

If we wasn't a mob then we
would go on the look and.

Loads and then upgrade the joint on
the thickness and come back in the chair

all pretty boring stuff so
I'm not I'm hard time with him but.

It was quite an interesting
project because.

You might be thinking there were no
drawings done for the fabricator and

they were drawn in stone for the planning
authorities because they needed to see

how this structure was going to look.

Because you know crowds like they are.

But very curators don't really like
that and then really find a use for

they found fairly useful to have this
is FRESH AIR with every single planning

thickness and geometry.

And knowing how many balls had to go
through each of this planks mystically

having the geometry called pattern of
the planks to be able to cut them for

the workers on the side this is exactly
the same thing because something like this

is pretty much a label as soon as you know
what part goes with what is proly easy to

put it on like to erect it.

This is the the role world that
was used for the for the for

the fabrication So
this robot was actually running for

three hundred sixty seven
days nonstop to cut

all of the planks there were years for
this for this project.

And it was done out of a company in
Germany I can't remember the name of

the interment So how to fix me for that
but this is how the planks are right side.

Well which is what.

Sort of blind material it is.

Yeah.

C.N.C. laminated Zimmer.

Yeah.

These are all of those do John's
as the day I arrived to decide.

And this is how they started putting
together this started so you can really

see here for a while because you can
see in there to you can really see

here it was the scale of such a structure
I mean that's a person right there and

this is one just one of
the piers of the of the parasol.

Now because because this is

a schoolteacher that is Dawn in a plant
sun you have free access and you can

really build any temporary supporters that
you want to build something like this

if you were to build is as a bridge then
there would be a completely different

story because you'll have much more
restrictions us through the traffic than

it's allowed to to make sure
that pass on their name so.

They install all of this is for
all them OK And

you mine think all while but
there's such a waste of money and

resources Well yes and
no I mean because a working out hard is

something that you really want to
avoid when you are a contractor and

when you're an engineer or I mean when
you are doing a project like this.

What they did was building all of this is
going to fall into actually build a raised

platform once you have the platform
then there you can have toilets and

you can have facilities for the workers so
they work it goes once a day and

comes down once a day again you don't
have work it's kind of all the time

all of these are things that you know if
you are a good architect designer you need

to think about when you're this
time in your own Nordics kid is.

The paper every ten links vary.

But how you actually take it to
practice is a completely different.

World.

So how do you build this platform
it was relatively easy to then

have a crane have all of this piece
is the lever to this level and

then it started to mount in there.

And they need it they didn't have
to go anywhere else right they

could be installed this level and
then just connected to their peers and

then would just do is take all of the U.S.
government.

So this is how.

We looked.

At the end.

And these are just some views of
the of the structure from the top

there is a very nice video that I'm not
going to have time to show here but

it's on our website in our.

It's I believe it's not spanish
It's never bad to practice on.

But it's also so tied to them English and
it really gives you an idea of the project

the size just the engineering side
of it but also how it is that they.

Make this neighborhood felt really.

Really remain in a way
because if was fairly.

Depressed after one of the markets
in this area closed down and

now it's gone it's
a completely new area and so

I mean a lot of tourists come
through this has had a lot of

Italian seem to be in the city.

Now but
I found during World time probably not.

This is the last project I'm
going to search show you today.

This is.

A pub really on that we did.

It was part of one of the courses
that I thought of McGill when i was

our John professor there I'm still
collaborating with my deal and

there is the second problem
that we're currently working on

which I haven't included in this
presentation because the little bit

parameter I mean the whole been that
we're going to be able to star.

In.
The next month and

then it would be something that
I like to show to people by and

to that have been referred
to keep it secret.

So this this was done by students.

So it was this fine.

Build by students and
you know I live with you my thing.

I was coming from the air.

So I was fairly used to build plans.

And have the schools
supported in that are for

the universe to support him as well and.

I would say that it was clearly the case
in Europe and it's it's props also

the kids in the United States a lot of
the schools are really going to build

same thing one to one a scale and there
are not that many restrictions but it was

the first time that some following this
to this kid was built in my kill so there

were a lot of questions about liability
you know can students really Bill things.

I don't know you tell me really belt but
you know out of a leg at

the end of the day students are at
school for a number of years and

when they get out when they get out
they're going to build things right so

they begin to build them
when they are the school and

really know about fabrication and
construction process is why you

are the school his later if you
don't know how things get Bill then

it's a real it's a real it's
a real issue because in my

experience as an engineer when you
don't know how things get Bill.

Then you're building your structure
is never going to look like you.

First thought it was going to look like.

And I was talking to some before you
contractors you know there are good

contractors in there but contractors who
contractors will try to push you for

more efficient ways of doing things.

And they one just leave it all to bad
quality the way of saving money but

you have to watch out for both so the more
you know about how you're building and

how your structure is getting built.

The better.

So what's the concept here is to create
a structure that was actually playful.

With people we did that by combining.

Continuous surface them obvious
distress with pods or so

the idea was that when people were to
approach this school Ter or a structure

they were we were kind of like playing
with the way they were perceiving and

through this two movements now
how do you actually resolve

to create in the sculpture creating
a structure that can actually.

Be bill is.

We had to create a on a roller truss

that was actually following them
obviously strength and then.

We had still bars to do that but

we also had rips in plywood now
we're picking up those forces.

Then the monopods and was actually applied
to the sides of the truss throughout

the whole trip through
the whole continuous our face

all of the elements where
this time on the we're also

one of the in grasshopper and
Rhino because we couldn't really opt for

not knowing exactly what these
animals were going to do and

what these bars were going to do because
we will really then never achieve this

geometry so our tolerances were
fairly low I mean the tolerances that

we had the word two millimeters for
the steel bars and so

all of the irregular angles
are way high we're actually.

Impossible to build by a hundred.

Unless we could soon see Ben.

And of course all of their rips all of
the plywood rips and all of the rips on

the sides we're also seeing a sieve.

So these are some of the first prime.

We're getting caught at the scene
see machine of my deal.

Now in order to make sure we

knew what was causing connected
with what because I would have been

one to use construction drawings because
you know in my opinion like to me other

structure construction drawings.

Are something that I mean.

I don't not going to enter into whether
they're gone to disappear with time went

on but in reality you should aim to design
structures that do not need a huge pile

of C. draw and solve struction Tryon's.

This where this is a structure we didn't
do any Tryon's on students didn't need

them but that wasn't because they knew the
structure well because they had the sun I

mean that happens all the time it was
because we were able to build with family

the whole coding within the whole
we can all of the elements and

they mean systems that tell us exactly
what was connected with what and where.

So all of the virus had a cordon
system that was saying to us this can

act with elements see twenty two hundred
twenty and it also commands we have

connects with element C. is zero five.

This is a big picture of the joins that I
was told about before which were also in

C. band and again it wasn't
because of this technology we

couldn't have done this a regular
trust with such a large number of

different angles with three years old and
the angular tolerance was about

one degree.

I mean the destructor in a way
was a still because there was

a light where the structure was
still able to take a little.

Bit of movement in all of this
all of this joins we're pin so

the guys were able to
rotate on my comedy but

if we were to really start losing those
tolerances pretty much everywhere and then

you would have end up with something that
would have looked completely different.

To any here.

Exams recently because over there
lots coming outside of that

there were things like I had to look for
the structural design but

I mean the roads of this
were relatively low.

We had that we had a case
where we had snow two.

Up to one point two metres or thereabouts
but it wasn't all on this part it was

on the here and we had a few a few
inches of snow on top of this and

that's to relatively normal you know
if the strike to didn't soften at

all I mean I think.

It was like basically it
just didn't react to.

I think it's no chord saying.

Today for conservative.

Lizards you know if you're talking
about a roof of complex geometry or

something like that than perhaps they're
not actually but some of the line is that

it's relatively light weight there's not
that much of surface accumulation for for

us now anyway and so.

And this is the view from there from
the inside with some have been students.

And joined there where and
I'm just going to and the through with

with a short video on the on this but
you know which I hope you enjoy.

And you know if you have any questions or
anything in the Happy to take it and

then we can make is there a discussion or
sort of a debate if if there is.

Thank you thank

you.

Sir.

The mob is.

Well the.

The ribs and perhaps I can show you.

Which only Yeah OK so this is where not
a band these were planner these were all

cut out of fly out of the plane
the other pieces that were actually.

Playing.

That were actually players on either side
of the truss we have to look at how much

been they could say without doing a steam
band than I can so in reality it's in when

his SUV and of the curve like that they're
hot out of the plane but what happens.

Says that we are stronger a few of them.

And that's how we actually get the plan
our curve to be in are fairly.

Fairly curvy.

But they are bent slightly on
the other plane they're just

regulated in such a way that they don't go
over a certain amount of fungus I think if

I remember correctly it was something like
eight week with how much we can really

bend them so that they could not come out
of Flint and you know to be honest some of

them in some areas actually came out
because the connection in between.

And between the segments.

In some cases once was what was done by
hand and in some cases it wasn't that good

well made so others were able
to resist quite a lot of bending

but.

Well I collaborated with the guy
the organizers the core French's is.

Was an architect in Toronto and he's
a really really Prawle sustainability and

he runs this group I collaborated with him
the summer before doing a few cannabis for

an art festival in Toronto that was
a small intervention because it was mainly

harbor tube used to basically suspend.

Some.

Sort of cloth the roof membrane so
we did and

we always said that OK So next time
we should do or you should present to

this competition and you know you
guys should put something together.

So he runs this.

This call for entries or competition
whatever you want to call it in there for.

Really open with you know if you really
have a good idea of reusing materials

reusing paper then it's a great
venue to present to present

your ideas too but it's fairly flexible
also pretty much in all pretty much anyone

can actually do it it's not like they
might as because we were R.P. in fact.

There were no other architectural firm
that also put together a spread bill and

which was quite impressive the rest were
are just going on the were we're doing.

Work out of their own hours and stuff so.

It was really.

Was.

One who

was.

To the right or the.

Yeah and I think that's you
know this is my continuous.

QUESTION Like my getting a spider because
as you as you are saying I've chosen for

early minds looking projects right
because and I'm going to come here and

talk to you about concrete a structure
that you can see everyday.

But it doesn't mean that you cons use
of competition to design something

that you would call traditional.

Or it.

I'm just going to give you an example like
we do use advanced computation meaning

scripting and linking and
all this is model with

the geometry I mean able to change
all of those relatively quickly for

doing something else conventional
as a concrete foundation.

And there you're dealing with
contractors that are not interested

on a paper instructor and I.

Interested on saving conquered and
saving steel but

would you condo is you can use advanced
acknowledges the competition to save you

time so instead of you becoming a robot
you lay the computer become that robot

do all of those colleagues and checks and
then you fork is on the real things

that are indeed there should be focusing
on which are the actual like overall

design brief occasions so
you know does this whole thing make sense

is this a black box No it's not I actually
know why it is them is this much.

And that's perhaps you
know the extreme case of

the use of other bands compensation but.

It's an example where.

We're not coming up with
a product that is funny.

But but you're using POS doing
a task that all their wires

will be it will be something
we don't want to deal.

With all the.

More You Know I'm.

Right there why you were.

Right.

This is a little.

More this is all the.

Little.

Low.

This.

Is low.

You do it this.

Is worse so here.

Goes.

This.

So here's.

Where you based Yeah.

You know it all all still fabricators
how you sandblast my daughters and

they could all run them through them and
they did so

basically it is the same cost and cut and
as far as the saying length is in

costing caught in a straight line
there when you have a curved line.

So.

You know I think the kitchen tools
are there they're just not really

well used and I always put this example of
like you know we've been building cars for

home in me and
the cars have complex shapes.

They have doubly curved surfaces and
they're still being built and

they're been built by people that you know
are not perhaps like high skilled workers.

But for some reason the cost structure
in the industry is always of

the pack of the iron out to
out a motive in the stress and

even dollar they can really take advantage
of the qualities that are already there

for all for those two other
disciplines they tend not to do it and

I always wonder why is this
because I was I was hired

with one of a fairly large bridge
that was being done in steel.

Two point one kilometer bridge
with box that it's like

five metres wide of the top
three point five meters tall.

We had a lot of nonconformists is
because the stiffness were all misplaced

it was a real mess in terms of like
where the words were you know dawn

they hired switched some of
the stiffeners thicknesses and

I was while I was doing that I
was building this and I was there

with the guys on the side and with the
fabric it was I was I will I went where I

was you know not just including where
the signals are when you cut the blades.

So simple as that they were
a machine with a tape.

I was you know coming from your binary
howlers how you discount B haven't.

They ha good technology I feel sometimes
the construction industry is afraid

of really making use of all of
the powerful tools they have and

when I started it I said that there
are good contract some bad contractors and

I actually was pretty like
yours the the actual chief of

the construction company for that bridge
was a previous market individual and

he was all into you know new technology.

And we used to have conversations about
three D. printing and I have a three D.

printed at home and I used to bring him
like models of the you know of the bridge

and how we could make him a star so
he was very open to that sort of fame and

he's the type of person that would be
really interested to know from you if you

have a good idea to accelerate
fabrication and isolate construction so

even in something that has been known for
years you can always

find how to make you better how
to make it more efficient and.

The it's all tools are there
to to make that happen but.

But I honestly think that you know it's
a culmination of a lot of factors.

Perhaps a little bit is you know I could
just feel really imperative selves

in knowing how the software occasion to is
really work so that you can be in an if

then you can push there on charges
when you can push the far ahead and

say guys we can do it is because I'm going
to be for all we need is this this and

this and then the other guys are never
going to say yes if you're saying.

Sorry they're never going to
say no you're saying yes to

a few thousand of dollars being
saved in time and materials.

So I I don't like I agree
with you I don't like design.

Had metric this high and always right next
to fairly fancy projects because they.

Today you do Donna Zali work all
the time on those projects and and

that's maybe not even the right way but
Parliament trick design and.

Competition sure really
be the new move for

pretty much all projects.

Yeah I thought you know very
funny though they are thinking.

Very low or
you are mere we can do this all on why.

We try to force things rather than just.

Those you know this is how we're here.

We'll get like.

A lot worse and
you're right you're going to hear this.

You are measuring designer
who if you set it up as you

say you are and it was.

Working with your real or structure in

the system back in the community but
if you go to the office where you start

reading your and
you ask questions one of them is a very.

Long you have one of the possibilities
are horribly rude and

the role of brutal brutal.

And the you know all the world all.

Right I think we should
all we do all want to.

Do.

And we try to force a solution on them but
if you burst out and

you see the system is.

Just.

Like you believe you will he
said that was the ruin of the.

Yeah yeah yeah and
I think you know a lot of times you don't

you will hear that an engineer says well
yeah we had a meeting with architect and

they had this idea on
the kitchen paper and now.

We have to make people aware and
I really hate that because.

You know that means that you guys
come out with a nice warm idea and

then we come into play and
we sort of like.

Kill it because we started to
stellar is a that was hard to

get out bribes like not killing but.

Removing a little bit of that the real
design aspects and it's true that I think

as designers we tend to think on how
the final product is gonna look like but

we always have to come back to what
is it that was my unit or this or

how my building is what's my material and
it's only when you actually go to

understand that a relationship
that you can make up the like that

the actual final product
has a little bit of.

Its border model.

Approach more than the top down approach
but it's fairly difficult to do that

I mean to really get into that mode.

So.

I'll.

Play.

This what I want to.

Work.

With what you all want and where you know.

What I'm.

Sure it was all what you're saying in the.

Right.

But there must still be the best
of it suddenly you dear

said this hasn't brought.

You to remain here because of
the scale even if it was truly or.

If you turn it off somehow you start to go
into this kind of suspension of disbelief.

And the fear is that if you lose your
hybrid you know the very you know you are.

Like me.

Leave them.

In.

The wild for the meeting all with all

the.

Money.

Yeah.

Yeah I mean.

It's actually.

Quite difficult for an engineer and
switch off those and

I'll tell you my story I didn't
I was a born as an engineer.

In time I think when I was
little I always said to my

parents I wanted to be architect pilot.

And their world champion or gymnastics
because I was in the things at the time.

So I don't know where the ships
have been to to engineer and

I think it's because I was good at math
and physics and I had a very good teacher

that was very keen for me to go into
engineering and he was always recommended

that I would do that and he always said
if you ever want to go back to protect or

you can always do it I don't know life
is you know other times life looked

very long and I had a lot of time so
I said fine I'll go into engineering but

the first years of engine and I actually
did a lot of drawing on a lot of pins and

I was well because I used to do
that anyway in the summers so

I was still a bit a bit of hybrid
a man I was the Course is caused by

I was more into Miles this Erickson
you know in a way I think they shaped.

Our brains.

By taking out.

Possible solutions and such and
such a way I think architects to start.

With a problem every.

Very possible solution we engineers
are they in the process of like

thinking of all of the possible solutions
it's like five minutes until you start

this can't be an options and you get
into I know this is more efficient than

this because I read in this book because
this I did this calculation and so

yes you know I'm going through
this path and it's a path.

And your brains think more
like a tree like a branch and

I realized this because one of my best
friends from the architect's office ation

we were working around long gone and
he was you know he was poking me with

questions like OK so let's think
about that building you know and

how would you have this kind of bill and.

I had to magically started thinking about
the constraints that's how I would have

start to resolve my problem by putting
all of the list of constraints there for

I can do that on of that so I'll do this
it's like no no I'm all in this time don't

think I'm just signing and I realize
that's sometimes the problem that yeah

engineers the think about all of
the constraints are in this paper

structure there were some times where you
know I was really getting worried that

my God this thing is it's not going
to make it's going to fall down and

you pull and then what's going to
have been and it's funny because.

Because I was sittin in
Montreal I had those moments but

then we you know we basically changed
the structure in such a way that

I was satisfied with how much lower
it could actually take the truck but

there was this other guy who was
sitting in the trunk office and

he was sitting literally one desk away
from the director that supported us with

this with this project and that director
with every single morning passing by

his this can say you know putting
his arm on the on the shoulder and

saying So
knowing this it's going to all to me.

Had to carry all of the load it's
not going to fall into people right.

And I did think about here is that
yeah for sure yeah you know we

are really taking care of everything
there is if you couldn't see that So

are you so worried me with this what
happens if this happens and then so

that we I mean it's obviously something
that it doesn't come in a code

I think Engineers them to
just go to the code and

take the code as if it's some sort of
bible where all of the responses to your.

Questions are written and I don't think
that's the way you can possibly decide

at least anything that
is going to be novel.

So in this case there was not a sign
God I mean we had examples of.

There she go bomb had gone and
we could do that as I would

we could do our own testing but
we could we couldn't really say yes our D.

call out and all five point one
says we need to consider this and

that's what we're doing and therefore you
know as if we were lawyers we're clear and

we're the start over liability and
that's it.

But that was part of the plan and
I was part of the of the project itself so

I actually enjoyed a lot of actually.

Have enough thought of not knowing.

How it was going to work and
then tested and realised and

reassure you that you actually were
going in the right action and.

As I said before we had a limited amount
of time so we only got to where we got

I think if we were to do that project now
it will definitely do in there from there

we would approach certainly the way we did
the C M's in a completely different manner

and would probably change also the size
of the already come in now and.

Perhaps other things to.

Really call it.

Thank you.