Efficiently mapping high-performance early vision algorithms onto multicore embedded platforms
Author(s)
Apewokin, Senyo
Advisor(s)
Wills, D. Scott
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Abstract
The combination of low-cost imaging chips and high-performance, multicore, embedded processors heralds a new era in portable vision systems. Early vision algorithms have the potential for highly data-parallel, integer execution. However, an implementation must operate within the constraints of embedded systems including low clock rate, low-power operation and with limited memory. This dissertation explores new approaches to adapt novel pixel-based vision algorithms for tomorrow's multicore embedded processors. It presents :
- An adaptive, multimodal background modeling technique called Multimodal Mean that achieves high accuracy and frame rate performance with limited memory and a slow-clock, energy-efficient, integer processing core.
- A new workload partitioning technique to optimize the execution of early vision algorithms on multi-core systems.
- A novel data transfer technique called cat-tail dma that provides globally-ordered, non-blocking data transfers on a multicore system.
By using efficient data representations, Multimodal Mean provides comparable accuracy to the widely used Mixture of Gaussians (MoG) multimodal method. However, it achieves a 6.2x improvement in performance while using 18% less storage than MoG while executing on a representative embedded platform.
When this algorithm is adapted to a multicore execution environment, the new workload partitioning technique demonstrates an improvement in execution times of 25% with only a 125 ms system reaction time. It also reduced the overall number of data transfers by 50%.
Finally, the cat-tail buffering technique reduces the data-transfer latency between execution cores and main memory by 32.8% over the baseline technique when executing Multimodal Mean. This technique concurrently performs data transfers with code execution on individual cores, while maintaining global ordering through low-overhead scheduling to prevent collisions.
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Date
2009-01-09
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Text
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Dissertation