Title:
Measles and polio vaccination using a microneedle patch to increase vaccination coverage in the developing world

dc.contributor.advisor Prausnitz, Mark R.
dc.contributor.author Edens, William Christopher
dc.contributor.committeeMember Bommarius, Andreas S.
dc.contributor.committeeMember Dixon, J. Brandon
dc.contributor.committeeMember Kemp, Melissa L.
dc.contributor.committeeMember Rota, Paul A.
dc.contributor.department Biomedical Engineering (Joint GT/Emory Department)
dc.date.accessioned 2015-01-12T20:28:54Z
dc.date.available 2015-01-13T06:30:04Z
dc.date.created 2013-12
dc.date.issued 2013-11-07
dc.date.submitted December 2013
dc.date.updated 2015-01-12T20:28:54Z
dc.description.abstract Despite the existence of effective vaccines for both diseases, measles and poliomyelitis still cause significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. The live-attenuated measles and inactivated polio vaccines are both given using a standard needle and syringe injection. This method of delivery poses many problems for large-scale vaccination campaigns. Microneedles are micron-scale needles which have the potential to overcome many of these hurdles. In the first study, we showed that the measles vaccine could be successfully incorporated into a solid, metal microneedle system which induced potent neutralizing antibody titers after administration into cotton rats. This response was statistically identical to the same dose delivered using a subcutaneous injection. The second study focused on enhancing the stability of the measles vaccine after drying and long-term storage. Using a new assay developed from a measles virus variant engineered to encode for green fluorescent protein, it was determined that a combination of sucrose and threonine provided the highest stabilizing effect. Vaccine mixed with this solution retained more than 90% of its activity after 6 months of storage at 4°C and 25°C. The third study involved the incorporation of the measles vaccine into a dissolving microneedle patch. These patches were used to vaccinate rhesus macaques and the immune response was found to be statistically identical to the same dose delivered by syringe injection. Furthermore, after creation and storage, these patches retained 100% of their infectivity after 2 months at 4°C and 25°C. The final study attempted to create a dissolving microneedle patch containing a full dose of the inactivated polio vaccine. These patches were then used to deliver a full dose of IPV into the skin of a rhesus macaque. This delivery method produced neutralizing antibody titers to IPV type 1 and 2 that were statistically identical to the same dose delivered using a needle and syringe. Overall, these studies show that the microneedle patch was a safe, simple and effective method for measles and polio vaccination. This delivery platform has the potential to overcome many of the hurdles that currently stand in the way of measles elimination and polio eradication.
dc.description.degree Ph.D.
dc.embargo.terms 2014-12-01
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52951
dc.language.iso en_US
dc.publisher Georgia Institute of Technology
dc.subject Measles
dc.subject Microneedle
dc.subject Polio
dc.subject Vaccination
dc.subject Monkey
dc.subject Skin
dc.subject Vaccine stability
dc.title Measles and polio vaccination using a microneedle patch to increase vaccination coverage in the developing world
dc.type Text
dc.type.genre Dissertation
dspace.entity.type Publication
local.contributor.advisor Prausnitz, Mark R.
local.contributor.corporatename Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
local.contributor.corporatename College of Engineering
relation.isAdvisorOfPublication 4bd611de-763a-4e92-abdc-0558443485cc
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication da59be3c-3d0a-41da-91b9-ebe2ecc83b66
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication 7c022d60-21d5-497c-b552-95e489a06569
thesis.degree.level Doctoral
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