Doping of Organic Semiconductors: Effects of Crosslinking and Dopant Substituents
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Saeedifard, Farzaneh
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Abstract
Doping is the process of addition of dopants to host semiconductors to improve their conductivity and charge transport behavior. Organic solids are held together by weak van der Waals interactions between the molecules and Coulombic attractions between the charged species. Because of these weaker interactions in organic materials, the molecules themselves have higher mobilities within the host material, and therefore, have a higher tendency to move. In most of the devices, the diffusion of the dopants in device stacks is detrimental and therefore, minimizing dopant diffusion within device interlayers is a very important topic to be consider. Considering the widespread usage of DMBI-H derivatives for doping of organic semiconductors, this work will focus on two aspects of doping; investigation of different approaches to address the diffusion of DMBI-H derivatives and studying the effect of dopant substituents on charge transport behavior. The first and second chapters of this thesis, will focus on crosslinking as new approaches for minimizing the dopant diffusion in the solid state. Chapter 2 will discuss electrostatic crosslinking in which the restriction of dopant ion movement by forming multiple electrostatic sites between the multiply charged ions and ionized host segments. Chapter 3 will discuss chemical crosslinking and chemical bond formation to decrease the diffusion of dopant and the corresponding dopant ions. Chapter 4 will focus on a study in which the effect of a polar side chain on DMBI-H for doping of a donor-acceptor polymer. The final chapter summarizes the findings of the thesis, puts them in a broader perspective, and suggests future directions.
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2021-12-15
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Dissertation