Title:
Electrospun carbon nanofibers for electrochemical capacitor electrodes

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dc.contributor.advisor Kumar, Satish
dc.contributor.author Wang, Tong en_US
dc.contributor.committeeMember Anselm Griffin
dc.contributor.committeeMember Muzzy, John D.
dc.contributor.committeeMember Ravi Bellamkonda
dc.contributor.committeeMember Rina Tannenbaum
dc.contributor.department Textile and Fiber Engineering en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2008-06-10T20:37:20Z
dc.date.available 2008-06-10T20:37:20Z
dc.date.issued 2007-01-03 en_US
dc.description.abstract The objective of this work is to electrospin poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) based nanofibers with controlled diameter and to stabilize and carbonize them for developing meso-porous carbon for application as electrochemical capacitor electrodes. A sacrificial polymer, poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) has been used to control porosity. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been used to increase electrode conductivity and hence power density. The study has been divided into two parts. In part I, electrospinning behavior of PAN and PAN/CNT has been studied. The diameter of electrospun PAN fibers was monitored as a function of polymer molecular weight, solution concentration, solution flow rate, distance between the spinneret and the target, and the applied voltage. Bead free PAN fibers of 60 nm diameter have been electrospun. Various electrospun fibers have been characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction and by Raman spectroscopy. Electrospinning process has been observed by high speed photography. In part II, the electrospun PAN, PAN/SAN, and PAN/SAN/CNT fiber mats were stabilized, carbonized, and processed into electrochemical capacitor electrodes. The performance of the electrochemical capacitors was tested by the constant current charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry in 6 molar potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. The surface area and pore size distribution of the electrodes were measured using N2 adsorption and desorption. The effect of surface area and pore size distribution on the capacitance performance has been studied. The capacitance performance of various carbonized electrospun fibers mats have been compared to those of the PAN/SAN/CNT film, carbon nanotube bucky paper, and activated carbon pellet. The capacitance of PAN/SAN/CNT fiber mat over 200 F/g (at a current density of 1 A/g) and the power density approaching 1 kW/kg have been observed. Addition of 1 wt% carbon nanotubes in PAN/SAN, improves the power density by a factor of four. For comparison, the capacitance of single wall carbon nanotube bucky paper at a current density of 1 A/g is about 50 F/g. en_US
dc.description.degree Ph.D. en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22563
dc.publisher Georgia Institute of Technology en_US
dc.subject Carbon nanofibers en_US
dc.subject Electrospin en_US
dc.subject Electrochemical capacitor en_US
dc.subject.lcsh Nanofibers
dc.subject.lcsh Carbon fibers
dc.subject.lcsh Electrochemistry
dc.subject.lcsh Electrodes
dc.subject.lcsh Capacitors
dc.title Electrospun carbon nanofibers for electrochemical capacitor electrodes en_US
dc.type Text
dc.type.genre Dissertation
dspace.entity.type Publication
local.contributor.advisor Kumar, Satish
local.contributor.corporatename School of Materials Science and Engineering
local.contributor.corporatename College of Engineering
relation.isAdvisorOfPublication c7db5df8-737b-4217-bc93-ec9bf6e58160
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication 21b5a45b-0b8a-4b69-a36b-6556f8426a35
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication 7c022d60-21d5-497c-b552-95e489a06569
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