Title:
Pollutant Emissions Reporting for Ammonia Fuel Blends
Pollutant Emissions Reporting for Ammonia Fuel Blends
Authors
Douglas, Christopher M.
Steele, Robert
Martz, Tom
Noble, Bobby
Emerson, Benjamin L.
Lieuwen, Timothy C.
Steele, Robert
Martz, Tom
Noble, Bobby
Emerson, Benjamin L.
Lieuwen, Timothy C.
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Abstract
To combat carbon dioxide emissions, it is desirable to transition existing combustion systems to
carbon-free fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia without negatively impacting air quality. However,
quantitatively assessing air quality impacts of pollutants such as NOx is a nuanced process when
comparing emissions across different fuels. Recently, the authors of this study published a separate
paper showing that some standardized measurement approaches (i.e., measuring dried exhaust
concentration) were inflating pollutant emissions by up to 40% for hydrogen combustion relative to
natural gas. In this white paper, we extend this analysis to ammonia and cracked ammonia blends,
showing that using concentration-based reporting approaches for comparing NOx from ammonia
combustion is appropriate (less than a 3% effect), but can inflate apparent NOx emissions from fully cracked ammonia (i.e., an H2/N2 fuel blend) by 20%.
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Date Issued
2022-11-04
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White Paper