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Peng, Zhigang

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Shaking up Earth Science: Visual and Auditory Representations of Earthquake Interactions

2012-06 , Aiken, Chastity , Simpson, David , Kilb, Debi , Shelly, David , Peng, Zhigang , Michael, Andy , Enescu, Bogdan

One earthquake can influence subsequent earthquakes. To demonstrate such earthquake interactions, seismologists have used in the past "snapshot" static images. Although statis images can, by themselves, convey basic visual information about the spatial distribution of earthquakes, adding auditory information could help to provide additional details on the temporal evolution of the earthquake sequences. Recently we have used standard tools like MATLAB and Quick Time Pro to produce animations with time-compressed sounds to demonstrate both immediate aftershocks and remotely triggered tremors related to the 2011 magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, Japan, earthquake. Here we show our development in this direction that includes multiple parameters of earthquakes and seismic waves to present the concept of earthquake triggering.

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Systematic analysis of early aftershocks of the 2004 Mw6.0 Parkfield earthquake detected by a matched filter technique

2010-11-17 , Peng, Zhigang

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Early aftershocks of the Mw6.8 Mid Niigata earthquake in Japan on 2004/10/23

2004 , Peng, Zhigang

This sound file and image was generated by the Mw6.8 Mid Niigata earthquake in Japan on 2004/10/23 . The seismogram was recorded by a nearby borehole station NGOH, which belongs to the Japanese Hi-Net , one of the best seismic network in the world. Similar to the Parkfield example, it also show many early aftershocks that were not reported in the standard earthquake catalog. Early aftershocks of this event have been studied in detail by Bogdan Enescu at NIED, Japan (Enescu et al., JGR, 2007).

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Mainshock and early aftershock recording of the 2011/02/21 Mw6.3 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand

2011 , Peng, Zhigang

Below is the image and sound of the seismic recording at station HVSC (more than 1.5 g vertical acceleration) for the 2011/02/21 Mw6.3 New Zealand earthquake. This vertical seismogram is recorded by strong motion sensors only about 1 km distance from the epicenter. From the sound below, you can hear not only the mainshock like a train running towards you, but also many small pops that are early aftershocks immediately afterward. The data can be downloaded from the Center for Engineering Strong Motion Data website.

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Waveform analysis of repeating earthquakes - Implications for fault damage and healing processes

2009-08 , Peng, Zhigang , Assamaki, Dominic

The main goal of this project is to quantify the damage and healing processes in major fault zones that are recently ruptured in moderate to large earthquakes using waveform analysis of repeating earthquakes.

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Early aftershocks of a M4.8 earthquake in Japan on 2003/11/30

2003 , Peng, Zhigang

A seismogram and audio recording generated by an M4.8 earthquake in Japan on 2003/11/30. The seismogram is recorded by a nearby borehole station MYJH, which belongs to the Japanese Hi-Net , one of the best seismic network in the world. Similar to the Parkfield example, it also show many early aftershocks that were not reported in the standard earthquake catalog. Identifying those missing early aftershocks provide a new way to understand aftershock generation and the underlying physics of earthquake interaction ( Peng et al., GRL, 2006; Peng et al., JGR, 2007 ).

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Structure, seismicity, and stress along the San Andreas Fault near SAFOD

2011 , Thurber, Clifford , Peng, Zhigang

The San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) has yielded significant new insights into the nature of the San Andreas fault (SAF). In particular, the recovery of ~ 40 meters of core containing two meters-thick zones of fault gouge and adjacent zones of damage and alteration provides a unique opportunity to characterize the physical and chemical properties of fault zone rocks from a depth where earthquakes occur, although these samples are interpreted to come from a creeping, not seismogenic, part of the fault (Hickman et al., 2007, 2008). We propose to improve our understanding of the context within which these fault zone samples existed in-situ by utilizing arrival times of fault zone head waves (FZHW's) and the associated direct-wave secondary arrivals (DWSA's) to (1) improve the seismic tomography image of the SAF at relatively fine scale, and (2) improve absolute location estimates for earthquakes in the region around SAFOD and in particular the drilling target earthquakes. These two tasks have interrelated goals. Primary among them is to characterize in detail the seismogenic structures on which the earthquakes near SAFOD occur and relate those structures to the borehole and core observations. There is a general consensus that the shallower of the two gouge zones is related to the fault strand along which the so-called "Hawaii" target earthquakes occur. Our improved absolute earthquake locations will either help support or refute this interpretation.

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Early aftershocks of the Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake in China on 2008/05/12

2008 , Peng, Zhigang

On 2008/05/12, the disastrous Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake ruptured ~250 km along the Longmenshan thrust belt along the Longmenshan thrust belt that bounds the Tibetan plateau and the Sichuan basin [Burchfiel et al., GSA, 2008; Xu et al., Geology, 2009]. This earthquake and its subsequent aftershocks were recorded continuously by many permanent and temporary broadband seismometers in Sichuan and elsewhere in the world. The following example is generated by the seismogram recorded at a nearby station CB.CD2. The mainshock signal is clipped, but most of the early aftershock signals are not. Many of them were not listed in the standard earthquake catalog. Author will be working with scientists at China Earthquake Administration (CEA) to detect and locate these missing early aftershocks, and use them to better understand the physics of aftershock triggering.

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