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School of Applied Physiology

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https://hdl.handle.net/1853/70749
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Now showing 1 - 10 of 110
  • Item
    The Effect of Dorsiflexion Resistance on Ankle and Knee Joint Kinematics Quantified with an Instrumented Ankle-Foot Orthosis During Treadmill Walking
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012-04-27) Marler, Daniel ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
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    Introduction
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011-04-22) Nichols, T. Richard ; Kogler, Géza F. ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
    Welcome and introductions by Dr. T Richard Nichols, Chairman, School of Applied Physiology and Dr. Géza F. Kogler, Director, Clinical Biomechanics Laboratory.
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    Neuromechanical adaptations in joint stiffness when hopping with a SL-AFO
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007-04-11) Roiz, Ronald A. ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
    Humans hopping on different elastic surfaces in series adjust leg stiffness to maintain system stiffness primarily by modulating ankle joint stiffness. When a parallel elastic element is applied at the ankle to assist plantar flexion, leg stiffness and total ankle joint stiffness is conserved. Moreover, biological ankle joint stiffness decreases to offset the added stiffness of the spring. We studied the effects of adding a resistive plantarflexion torque in parallel with the ankle. We hypothesized leg stiffness and total ankle joint stiffness would remain invariant and that biological ankle joint stiffness would increase to compensate. We ran a repeated measures study on 10 subjects hopping in place under three conditions: AFO (control), Plantarflexion Assist Spring-Loaded AFO (PA-SLAFO), and Plantarflexion Resist Spring-Loaded AFO (PR-SLAFO). We collected kinematic, kinetic, and EMG data at each condition for three frequencies. We analyzed statistics using a Three-Way ANOVA (subject, condition, frequency) with a Bonferroni Post-Hoc test. Different AFO conditions had no effect on leg stiffness. Total ankle joint stiffness was maintained for PA-SLAFO, with biological ankle joint stiffness decreasing to perfectly compensate. In the PR-SLAFO condition, total ankle joint stiffness was greater than expected. Biological ankle joint stiffness increased with PR SL-AFO, but was unable to completely compensate for the added resistance. This implies that despite adequate global compensation to maintain leg stiffness, subjects could not completely compensate for added resistive torque solely at the ankle and had to enlist a multi-joint compensation strategy. We are currently investigating these multi-joint compensation strategies.
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    Calibration of an in-socket pressure measurement system using different interface materials
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009-04-22) Chen, Ru ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
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    Kinematic Analysis of Terminal Stance Motion in the Forefoot and Tibia During Barefoot Treadmill Walking
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012-04-27) Mullaney, Shannon ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
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    The Use of Ultrasound to Assess Plantar Tissue Behavior and Stiffness Properties in the Midfoot
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012-04-27) Huffman, Lisa ; Joe, Natalie ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
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    Evaluation of GSK2487213A on [³h]-ryanodine binding to RyR1
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010-12-17) Balog, Edward M. ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology ; Office of Sponsored Programs
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    Plantarflexor Compensation for Partial Ankle Constraint
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012-04-27) Musicus, Marina ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
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    Optimal dorsal strap placement and angulation to prevent pistoning in an ankle foot orthoses.
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011-04-22) Manee, Tyler ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
    In ankle-foot orthoses, straps over the dorsum of the foot are often used to prevent the rise and fall of the heel within the device. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal location and angle of this strap which best reduces pistoning. For a ra
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    Engaging the Cortical Action Encoding System in Prosthesis Users by Limb-Matched Movement Imitation
    (Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013-04-19) Cusack, William ; College of Sciences ; School of Applied Physiology
    The mirror neuron system (MNS) has been attributed to increased activation in motor-related cortical areas upon viewing of another's actions. Recent work suggests that limb movements that are similar in appearance to that of the viewer preferentially activate the MNS. It is unclear how this effect applies to amputee prosthesis users. Intact subjects and upper extremity amputees were recruited to view video demonstrations of tools being used by an intact actor and a prosthetic device user. Subjects were asked to pantomime the movement seen in the video while recording electroencephalography. Intact subjects showed equivalent left parietofrontal activity during imitation after watching intact or prosthetic arms. Likewise, when prosthesis users imitated prosthesis demonstrations typical left parietofrontal planning activation was observed. The amputee prosthesis users who imitated intact actors revealed deviations from this pattern, showing greater bilateral parietal and occipital planning and execution activity. We suggest that when prosthesis users imitate intact subjects. the greater bilateral parietal and occipital activation during planning and execution reflects unique visuospatial processing. This change may be required to imitate movements when limb states between the observed and observer do not match. The finding that prosthesis users imitating other prosthesis users showed typical left parietofrontal activation suggests that prosthesis users engage typical planning related activity when they are able to imitate other prosthesis users. This result has significant implications on rehabilitation, as standard therapy involves training with an intact physical therapist, which could necessitate abnormal planning mechanisms in amputees when learning to use their prosthetic device.