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>> Hi everyone hopefully you can hear me and thank you for joining us today for this season you've come back to talk with these Wolf it's just one more minute for folks to join and then we'll good. And people started in it is my extreme a pleasure to interview so speaker for today at Dr Christina Harrington will be speaking with us and sharing some of her work that is a designer a causatively sincere and an assistant professor in the political heating and digital media at the Paul is also a sort of had a long she's got her Ph d. here from the College of Design and she directs the equity and health in addition by a research lab at the policy and we'll hear more about her work focus on health and virtual equity and marginalized groups and one interesting fun fact about 15 is that she is a dog mom to a small Jack Russell terrier that runs her life that I got to hear a little bit about some of their walking adventures but without prevented you know I would like to welcome Christina and have her get started and just remind you to please share any questions how long the wait are going to talk in the gymnasium and then I will moderate those and share them with Christina at the end of the talk Thank you Christina go ahead.

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I thank you so much Andrea I really appreciate it and as I mentioned I am a dog mom if you hear her I have no control I just live here so this is an introduction. As Andrea mentioned I am a designer a qualitative researcher I find through Zia's in a d.i.y. crafter and I've studied all things design for a little over a decade now my research looks at how we consider aspects of people's identity and the tools and environments that we create.

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Currently I'm an assistant professor in the School of Design in the College of computing and digital media at the Paul University and I've also had experience working in various areas of human factors and user experience design which along with my background in electrical engineering and my graduate studies in industrial design kind of shape my perspective perspective on inclusive interaction design and human computer interaction I also wanted to highlight this to acknowledge an amateur just circle and it's really cool to be invited back to speak to you all.

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So as I mentioned my research explores the relationship between design and health and racial equity and one approaching equity from the lens of interaction design we position design as a tool to elicit change towards more positive health outcomes whether in the ways that people are able to access information and the inclusion in that access the way that people experience tools in digital resources that are meant to support and enhanced overall wellbeing and the ways we engage certain communities and design as a way to envision the future my work in the design space has 2 main goals the 1st being facilitating equity in our approaches to health and wellness among groups that are often forgotten in innovative health interventions and the 2nd to consider inclusively and equity and which groups have access to participate in design.

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So within the context of who has access to design I've begun to consider how we best engage historically disenfranchised groups in collaboratively considering equitable futures whether in the area of health and well being as is most of my work kind of has focused on in the past or the futures of neighborhoods or even in the design practices south so through a lot of my previous research studies I've been able to identify some of the benefits of approaching design through community based collectivism was you know identifying such thing as the ability to promote health activism you know looking at the ways a cultural values tie into the ways that we think about health and wellbeing and also how design might impact health literacy when I speak about future ing and design I'm referring to the methods of speculation or radical co-design which consider alternatives desirable and unders are the world's speculating to immediate or distant future so even with this method being considered a more radical approach to considering future technology systems we have to ask who is being included in these areas of design and before I go too far into the work that I'm doing and share one of the projects that I've recently worked on and the implications of that work today I want to provide a little bit of background motivation to the importance of this area of who gets to future and why elements of collectivism and speculation may be an approach that deserves our attention.

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One of the major challenges with regards to inclusion in the tech space. In and in the is the concept of the digital divide and when we think about how such a divide between who has access to technology and who doesn't or who is considered proficiency acknowledge and who isn't comes to be as prominent as it is I think about a perspective that ends in Walton posed back in the late ninety's about the emergence of technology designed not including black Americans although black Americans were prominent users of these technologies.

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Today we still see that there's a disconnect with the current landscape of design seeing only 7 percent Hispanic representation and 3 percent black designers in the design and tech space. This lack of representation and inclusion ultimately into Zinah tech kind of leads to design that doesn't consider the needs of all populations or ultimately even harmful design oftentimes lower numbers of technologists and designers in the field as well as academic spaces means that potential harm to black and brown communities is an afterthought potential challenges to people that are differently abled or older adults is an afterthought instead of having someone to say hey that's probably not a good idea or that could turn out badly for people we are thinking of we end up with systems that disproportionately impact certain groups.

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When we think about the methods that kind of lead us there traditional methods of design such as user centered or human centered design really have not considered potential system bias lack of accent lack of activity in the access to digital resources or more blatantly racism sexism ages or other forms of oppression that have been known to show up sometimes in digital spaces media or even our ways of interaction and physical engaging with technology systems we're seeing firsthand what it means to not have diverse lived experience the various lived experiences in tech and design spaces and in the directions of our tech and design research and even as the focus of that research and what I mean by that kind of the last consideration that I wanted to bring up is that has sparked the work that I do and how I'm framing how we think about.

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Inclusion and participation in design is our current landscape of how we look at black and brown communities and the research that we do most often when considering what is typically centered when we think about black and brown communities in h.c.i. in design research we realize that our research culture itself tends to focus on the problems that these communities face like marginalized or undisturbed are often used in place of just naming black and brown communities which causes us to focus on the deficits and disparities that these communities experience and many of us are guilty of this because it is so inherent in our and our current research practice.

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And sexually I like to think that my work challenges the ways that we think about technology access as well as the methods that we use to expand the access I consider technology access to encompass don't much more than just physical and sensory excess ability but to also be about how inclusive products bases and even design methods are to those with varying values and lived experiences considering questions like What are the ways that we can support individuals from different social economic backgrounds may reason about their wellness and technology experiences differently how does this help us to be more inclusive of black and brown communities in Design Research a more equitable and inclusive design research culture also calls for us to reconsider what methods are accessible I was designed research being conducted with individuals who have varying experiences with technology and how do we better reach those individuals how do we consider more inclusive ways to go about design which doesn't leave those who are already marginalized in society being you know ostracized and intimidated within design work but my work leans heavily on participatory methods for its value of including people impacted by design in the design itself as many scholars in critical areas of design and a.c.i. have begun a larger dialogue and rather an interrogation of what participation means and design my work is also concerned with Equitable approaches to design participation that and reduce harm on communities and consider community priorities throughout the entirety of the design engagement.

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So previous literature on the value of participatory design has indicated the ways that this method and design approach serves various groups of users that we don't readily consider in design and it highlights that by involving these individuals as design contributors and not just the users or the person on the other end of the interface we improve the likelihood of people adopting in using the technology that we develop for traditional participatory design still places the designer as the leader of the design and Gage moment which creates a power dynamic with designers ultimately making the decisions.

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As a methodological framework community based participatory research is a commonly used research technique and public health a situates a particular community of individuals at the focus of the research employing both knowledge sharing and activism as forms of health intervention so scholars that are concerned with research justice and libertarian research practices have also been on to advocate for c.b.p. are as a research approach in other areas of study and other disciplines that engage in community based work eliminate the harm of institutional research practices particularly in communities that have this have been historically disenfranchised so we see where p.t. and c.p.r. kind of differ and how we can better bridge to 2 noting the values of both but that community based which is a particular research leads us to outcomes that are more community driven and also focus on how we disseminate our research findings.

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So a lot of what I've been doing is examining how we can better bridge community based participatory research methodology into the ways that we think about design and engaging black and brown communities and design for several reasons situating design within community based participatory research has been proven to help draw out values priorities and experiences and it also provides a diverse perspective on access to resources and available platforms to position and advance community needs.

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In many instances this may require working within physical community settings and ways that are more natural to current organizing and mutual aid efforts in order to be able to conceptualize both community and technology future so the image that's actually in the backdrop of my title slide is a really good example of collective design future earning which is currently happening on the South Side of Chicago and is being hosted by some local design faculty at i.t.c. namely a friend of mine named Chris read 51 futures as an example of a community based participatory design project were designers have kind of taken a step back and allow community residents themselves to lead to the conversations on future ain't what does equity look like and brands though what does you know the future of our our transportation look like what does the future of Community Services look like and we're seeing now with projects like 51 futures as well as other projects like the Pac project by Stephanie think what it means to engage black and brown communities in technological design with in the confines of the community itself.

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This brings me to this area that I've been exploring which examines the ways that we reengage black communities in the design process to speculate futures of technology or even community how do we make this more equitable how do we shift from traditional participatory design methods to being more community led and even community driven and considering what that means for power dynamics and design.

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To explore this area I began working with a colleague to look at how participatory speculative design situates communities to think about futures and a collective and a collective setting. Looking at the literature on speculative design across h.c.i. we find that it is discussed some early to co-designer participatory design as an inclusive method to engage populations like older adults in the consideration of technology futures through storytelling sketching and design fictions whereas the work we reviewed briefly might have focused on age and health status other identities such as class race our education have been less considered in the scope of speculative design and borrowing from one of the tenets of critical race theory assumptions of white security already are so ingrained in the political and legal structures that they are almost unrecognizable this normalisation is often pervasive in technology as well and as seen in algorithms and speculative design and design futures themselves though we identify that one of the gaps here is inclusive speculative to in schools of speculative design methods as an approach to consider technology future.

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But in a collaboration with Dr to want to Dillahunt at the University of Michigan we explored speculative co-design as an approach to eliciting technology futures and looked at the ways that we can both support the learning of design and digital skills while gaining insight of the visions of tech directly from.

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Community collectivism. We want to explore the following research questions the 1st being in what ways does co-design support the generation of ideas for utopian futures 1st of cup Chicago youth. What are Chicago use Imagine utopian and dystopian futures and what is technology's role in these utopian and dystopian futures and how many design fictions on them as a method a few journalists and new ideas that speak to Chicago use concept of oppose pandemic utopian reality.

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The goals of this work were to identify potential design approaches to elicit more inclusive design fictions particularly in relationship to race and ethnicity and social economic status with the justification that our current approach could be leading to the stork we disenfranchise groups often lower income minorities disabled and elderly people or even returning citizens or those who live in rural areas to fall behind economically and socially so we sought to identify the missing voices understand approaches to eliciting more inclusive narratives and theoretically shift our design approach as well as methods to being more inclusive.

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So in the concepts of. Doing community based participatory research we work with a local arts engine in the South Side of Chicago to design a series of speculative co-design workshops just a little bit of background because I kind of he got about it this is the arts incubator which is housed at the University of Chicago and it was established in 2013 by artist yester Gates if you're not familiar with the Esther Gates it's worth the Google search this was done in the Washington Park neighborhood of Chicago this Arts incubator serves as a catalyst for neighborhood revitalization and community engagement which is something that the Astor Gates is all about and one of the initiative of this Arts engine is to expose outside Chicago you the arts and design through its design apprenticeship program or data program as I probably be referring to it for the rest of the project which exposes teenagers and young adults to design through mentorship and skills building in preparation for creative careers in the work force the students do weekly classes where they're learning different elements typically of more physical design and building and workshop being and creating things that can then go back out into the communities.

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So we recruited 6 black and Hispanic youth that were already enrolled in the in the diet program to engage in an additional weekly class which would focus on speculative co-design and after Futurism we did this over the course of 6 weeks on students were given the prompt to consider the future of technology as well as this the city of Chicago post pandemic and due to the circumstances over the last year these workshops were held remotely which also allowed us to interrogate both remotes and virtual approaches to co-design engagements as this is becoming a method that even outside of the confines of the pandemic is being explored as a way to expand access to design so we showed 3 different as one of the pros or prompts to getting students to think about how technology might show up in the future we showed different episodes of the t.v. show Black Mirror to kind of frame you know what is what is speculative technology and how is this framed by societal implications that kind of surround how it's acknowledged he shows up Additionally we created design workbook as a guide for eliciting speculative design fictions in this design guide book we introduced a glossary of design terms and methods as well as a glossary of different types of technologies and created space for students to ideate their thoughts on utopias dystopias to kind of ideas of concepts of utopian technologies to storyboard those and kind of tell a story with it ultimately creating design fictions that they worked on collaboratively.

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Additionally building off of. Prior work from scholars like Winchester and Georgia Tech's on Andre Brock We also incorporated after Futurism in the design of the design workbook itself in order to motivate design fictions and scenarios that lend to inclusive and impactful design futures for those who are not been the year after Futurism is situated to provide a more empathetic design and gauge meant when compared to just for just general speculative design approaches and it's actually a growing John right across media and literature we're seeing it everywhere from music videos to different symposiums that kind of you know encourage people to think about race in the future yet it has been relatively absent in the ways that we consider the future of technology though as I mentioned over the course of 6 weeks on we engaged these this group of youth on from that program in these speculative co-design workshops and each week we started off by introducing you to different concepts of design through the design guidebook and different types of technology on through the black mare clips in the tech glossary We then walk them through each stage of the design process banking using them and identifying various dystopian a utopian elements of their current environments like you laid in what a utopian future of Chicago would look like and then visually ideating those ideas through sketches and storyboards.

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As it's kind of just become typical practice in the work that I do I spent a lot of time considering the design method itself and kind of iterating on that weekly so each week after we had the workshop and I said and objected to mention when talking about the community partners that we also had the the instructors from the doubt program in the workshops themselves so there are a couple of these images and after each of the workshops we actually sat with them and kind of reflected on what we were seeing again based on literature which urges us to consider our presence and position ality within design works of spaces so for example one of the things that quickly came up was how tasking the virtual environment had become for students and so we brainstorm with the design instruction instructors how to revamp that to allow students to be engaged on their own terms during the workshops I want to discuss our findings and 2 major areas the 1st being the realities of the utopian and dystopian future for this group in the 2nd and of the value of effort Futurism in engagement and collecting a collective speculation.

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So one of the 1st things that we noticed was that us identify that some of the elements that contributed to dystopian realities in the context of their personal lives as well as their environment environment were things like unfair housing practices non livable wages racism and bigotry. And ultimately that even in thinking about utopian futures they could not kind of extract the element or the the the burden of racism and poverty and and all of these things because they had never seen something like that those types of conditions not exist kind of prompting us to consider well and visioning such a future requires disruption and identification of components within existing systems that normalize oppression.

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And so what we also saw a lot of folks. Talking about you know. Running in this opportunities for connection in communication and problem solving but like I mentioned yet to have seen that. That reality exists without the confines of recent utopian futures look like addressing existing social conditions in Chicago such that there were was less violence and poverty and that systems were more fair and equitable.

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So 2nd I wanted to talk a little bit about the value of effort Futurism and collective speculation because many of the design fictions and storyboards focused on addressing how black and brown communities and the individuals within those communities could be responsible for solutions to societal conditions like climate change on lists nest or even the pandemic.

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Youth were able to build on to each other's fictions and center themselves as the technologists scientists and governmental leaders though we were able to see some of the youth comments on how learning about this concept of after Futurism and engaging with it throughout our workshop also allowed them to see themselves in the design of futures.

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And lastly I wanted to talk about how this work allows us to consider implications for the method of remote co-design itself. Talk a little bit about the merit and after Futurism as a lens and how that kind of presents opportunity for speculative design that shares the features of critical design but also thinking about you know the benefits of the values of having more accessible design fiction probes and design work books because one of the things that we noticed was that the design workbook kind of allows students to track their thoughts outside of the timing of the workshops themselves to come back with new and fresh ideas which allowed them to kind of be flexible in how they interacted with the workshops due to some people having to work or care for their families and various things that have been going on throughout the pandemic.

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So our work presents both empirical and methodological contributions to the field of design and h.c.i. our goal is to elicit more inclusive design fiction's as a way to understand those who are historically disenfranchised and how they envision the future of technology our study here presents an understanding of elements that speak to visions of utopias for black and Hispanic youth and additionally we make a methodological contribution of presenting a critical reflection on the ways the black and brown you contribute to technology futures by looking at methods and design probes that promote inclusion and sulfide and if occasion our and Bill our ability to envision alternate hernot to narratives is strongly connected to our personal well being and our collective well being by extension so perhaps our methods could inherently contribute back to those whose voices have not been heard in our design process the kind of thinking about where do we go from here as I close out a few of the implications that stood out from this project as well as some of the other work that I'm doing number one being the contrast in reality is that certain groups face when thinking about secular futures it's it it was so prominent to think about you know there are groups that utopian futures for them look like basic human rights it looks like not being killed by police it looks like being able to afford homes in good neighborhoods it looks like.

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You know. Fair and Just voting systems. And when considering that well where is the space for true radical imagination and innovation beyond existing realities and how can design provide balance there. Also I mentioned earlier that one of the things I'm really interested in is how do we push beyond traditional participatory design.

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Especially as just being about the nation exercise moving from kind of designing with to actually relinquish in power and design to promote communities to own design engagements on their own and then lastly and going back to my earlier point of how black and brown communities are considered and are designed where what does it mean to consider just everyday existence of these communities without framing them as problems to be solved is there room to design for joy or healing or collective community care within the a.c.i. and design space and how do we kind of.

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How do we move forward in that direction. So to start to address some of these areas one of the things that I'm currently working on isn't visioning tools that support community ownership of design futures and right now we're exploring a speculative design tool kit which uses an African tourism lens to engage people in collectively thinking about futures and not necessarily just technology futures or future computing systems but also the future of space is this big to collectivism the future of design as a social practice and what that means for more people to have access to design itself.

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So in this this current ongoing work we've chosen to use an afro future is lens. As well as an as the effort features static here to promote inclusion among communities being able to see themselves reflected in not just the aesthetic of design but also the ways that topics are considered.

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So that's some of the work that I'm I'm currently working on and will be evaluating this summer in the each island so I just would like to think the community partners that I've worked with on a lot of this work and their collaboration on the external funding sources that have supported my work as well as my colleagues at De Paul for their mentorship.

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Thank you and questions. Thank you so much Christina I'm sure everyone is pro-choice plotting. And so just a reminder you can put your questions in the chat and I will present those here Christina I see there's one question here that says is group Mark I'm not sure exactly what the question is.

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Tim we can't people can't speak and clarify arrayed in this regime to events I think that are Ok Ok Well Rich if you want to elaborate on that question I can go and ask that but I will talk with a question and still you at the end mention this book and they are developing which I can't wait till you mass produced and we can use that and I'm that sort of brings up a question I was going to ask which is you know you mentioned that they used that you worked with them you know their fundamental.

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Vision of a Utopia couldn't be you know this is hidden from the current realities of their oppression at the experience and so I'm curious to what extent are like what methods you have found that might be particularly at that there for helping youth or you know you know people more generally especially within these communities to think about social technical.

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Delusions or for innovation so still thinking through you know as I and you know in visioning you know future technologies also what you know or what policy changes might need to happen in conjunction with those or and yeah just sort of thinking in that more holistic or are sort of multi-faceted way.

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Yeah it was actually. Pretty impressive So I mean that and I'll try to address Rich's question right while answering as your question I'm not sure if you're asking what age group the students or the youth where we say youth because some of them were in their junior senior years of high school some of them had just graduated high school and we had one that was in their 1st year of community college.

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And so they range from about $16.00 to 2021 I believe I have to look back at the paper but. One of the things that was pretty impressive among that group was the way the fluidity with which they were talking about the history of redlining and unfair housing practices in Chicago.

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And how you know they were like This is what needs to happen in order for that to be a utopia for us and they were you know identifying that the neighborhoods aren't you know this area of the West Side and this area of the south side you know don't get as much attention in terms of infrastructure from the city but if you want those scenes if you want a local coffee shop in your neighborhood if you want this facility in your neighborhood you have to go to Lincoln Park but you have to go on to these other areas where they price out of those homes and you know a lot of that also wraps and what the basic minimum wage is and how and how disproportionate the numbers are who's who's earning minimum wage was working minimum wage jobs.

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Bill is actually not even something that we had to bring up like they they kind of looked at holistically like you know. What are the what are the. The societal constructs that kind of speak to where we are and how would that be seen going forward because even in thinking about when we introduce some of the clips of black mare one of the very 1st comments that we got from students was you know yeah but how would that play out in our neighborhoods like you know this that the nosedive episode was a social rating system how a black and brown people be you know unfairly rated just by how they show up and present to the world and these certainly weren't even things that I thought about when I watched the episode.

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And that kind of immediately came up for them so that was kind of it was it was pretty interesting just kind of as a part of this study that we really hadn't intice a painted a learning how much like you know what what does a utopia look like when you're unable to kind of extract.

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Current you know realities from from your vision of the future. Really interesting and so we have a few more questions in that chat and so this one is from Keith and he says very practical question many of our students at his co design workshops in their own work and I know it's been challenging during a pandemic when we can't be face to face and talk a little bit about this how you address did any tips for students.

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So. This was also something that was very exploratory that component rules or exploratory in the work that we were doing as I mentioned the design the guy book was definitely one of the resources that we felt like helped students to not build like they had to be engaged fully because in the 1st and it was something that I wanted to do that we that the instructors and I discussed and I thought would be a good idea.

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By or to even meeting with the students for the 1st time or meeting with the youth for the 1st time. And then during the 1st session noticing how a lot of the youth like wanted to have their cameras off or were they were phoning in to zoom from their phone and not a computer because they didn't own a laptop at home we really had to reconsider like you can't expect to have everyone sitting in front of a screen with ample space in front of them to do any type of sticky no activity or sketching activity or whatever it's going to need to be a little bit more adaptive and potentially on the fly so how can and then also how can we break up time segments right thinking about how in many of our traditional engagements co-design workshops we might have people there in physical spaces anywhere from 2 to 5 hours sometimes we're doing like a one day code as I workshop that's just not you know with how everyone is experiencing this pandemic at this point it's just not practical or you know it or mindful really.

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So one of the things that we did was like you know will will log on at 10 am we'll go through these these clips will do an introduction all in about 30 minutes and then you can turn off your camera as you know walk away from your laptop take your work book and kind of work for 30 minutes to an hour or if you want to you know cut could zoom off and dial back in you know and this was kind of after having conversations with with the youth that like they felt more comfortable saying you know I'll dial back in so we didn't necessarily lose people.

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And what does that mean to kind of stretch things out a little bit such that people don't have to worry about rearranging work schedules and if there's a child in the home that they're helping to look after and things like that it really was just you know being flexible and how we defined those workshops themselves.

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That's really helpful and just a follow up questions have that and do you think that the fact that they were in a program helps facilitate this that there was that structure because it's amazing you're able to do 6 weeks with them in approachable formats and Skerries well. Yeah definitely I mean this was also gaps 1st time doing their program virtually So we were learning together.

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We did lose one student who kind of was like I don't want to like I'm over virtual things and she she just she never and I will and we're like we understand. But that that program structure was very helpful because we literally as I mentioned introducing the series of workshops we literally just added another day in their their weekly meetings so they met twice a week and after with our sessions they met 3 times a week so that's structured did help because they were kind of already getting acclimated to doing.

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The design apprenticeship program virtually. And this our workshops helped the instructors learn different ways to tweak their Her main classes as well. Well so another question is from Susan and and this question has to I says I enjoy hearing about your work to modify and develop new co-design prophecies are black and brown communities if you speak a little bit more about products that have come out of your work.

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Yes So this is no this is brand spanking new we just did this study this past year and have been focusing on designing the tool kit and I actually just had a conversation with Woodrow Winchester who is a researcher that has kind of really advocated for bringing our for Futurism into design and so we you know looking across the.

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The field of design and h.c.i. we don't verify not been a lot of product examples of using this lens if that is that your question or is your question more towards just parts that have come out of co design in general. Dell I had and thinking maybe. Yeah like they could after you've done these kinds of works labs you know what's happened what has it led to.

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That led to the reason at different levels or any other things. Yes so honored on a separate project that I work with we've called designed and that's the interesting part and working with the groups that I work with very rarely is it like another app or a website.

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We've. You know this community driven approach to design that has seen folks say we want to develop a petition for our living conditions and we've used the workshops to do that but them to at it not identify some of the challenges that impact Health and Senior Living Facilities they then developed a petition and took that to their resident organizer as well as their alderman and actually started getting things changed in their building we had developed.

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A home health journals to documents you know health related questions and. You know sometimes and objective feeling subjective feelings that can be communicated to doctors and we use those journals then in kind of like an evaluation study where we actually deploy those journals to allow people to collect those things over the course of 5 days I will say that a lot of the times outside of the speculators co-design work it has been very analog and low.

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Low fidelity and terms of you know how technical these some of these solutions are and that might be because you know most of my work has focused on working with older adults and this is one of the 1st projects where I was really working with you. But yeah in most instances it has been more analog things and things that can be done immediately another one of the outcomes or another area of outcomes of this work has also been how do we provide.

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Resources for digital skills to some of these communities and so we've created a. Health connection newsletter that talks about the different ways that technology can support health in the home and we send that out quarterly to several list serves for older adults across Chicago and now Detroit. Kind of you know sharing awareness of how the Google home or your phone or the computer and and the different things that you can do in different areas of your health and that came directly out of the research that we were doing and has been something that we could.

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One of the things that I've learned in doing this work is oftentimes our processes and academic research some of this tech takes so long to actual hours. And people then kind of feel like well what happened to the study and never heard anything and and so we've been looking at low fidelity solutions that can go out in the more immediate while we also think about technological advances in the background yeah I think that's an important point.

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Ok Becky it has this question that had these sorts of methods and investigations been used in rural communities I wonder what additional challenges royal Americans face the pandemic has clearly highlighted face it and digital infrastructure problems. Yeah I mean based on like existing literature. Both design and asynchronous methods for co-design has definitely be been explored in rural communities most of my work has focused on.

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City areas but I do think that that's a great consideration of kind of the confound that layers on top of everything else when you're in a rural community or even you know areas of Internet deserts and things like that definitely you know. Another question and thanks for sharing your fantastic work earlier in the talk you mentioned linguistic considerations could you elaborate on this rhinestones I'm curious how you would bridge community response or understanding of the term Africa Futurism.

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Bridge community response. I think I think the question is asking you know as you introduced a concept or a term like after a future is it and which. Presumably many may not have been previously familiar with how do you work to braved understanding of that and the communities it's at take that concept and.

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You know design ideation based on it that's. What the question yeah just part of what we're doing with the tool kit and surprisingly you know when we started when we introduced after Futurism today youth and these workshops and from that program there are a lot of real world examples that people have seen of after Futurism and not realize that that is the framework plate.

[00:47:59]
And that's why I shared this slide. To slide because we're seeing it in media all the time we're seeing you know black and brown artists integrated into imagery music videos into movies I mean there are episodes of black mirror itself that have been agreed elements of after Futurism.

[00:48:25]
But also look like I mean Black Panther is a is a widely known example across most races and ethnicities everyone's seen are familiar with Black Panther and so kind of framing it in that way of like we're seeing are a future ism every day we're seeing it in our media we're seeing and our books we're seeing it in different academic practices that we're not seeing it at least not engaging with it in the ways that we think about as technology development and how we design technology.

[00:48:57]
And how we can conceptualize technology to be more inclusive and so I think part of what we're trying to do with that toolkit is is to kind of create that bridge to say you know throughout various elements of the toolkit Here's what after Futurism is so for example.

[00:49:13]
This the car that's in the upper left with the black background of thinking about moments when I feel free thinking about liberation. While also you know there being methods cards that will kind of pose people to think about concepts of like environmental racism and things like that and I'm running out of time but that is kind of the method of how we bridge and how we introduce that to be digestible really I am so tired of the serious work thank you so much for sharing it with us today have been carrying on for your great questions there are a couple more questions that we're unable to get to but maybe they can shoot at because the Internet and e-mail and fall are great thank you so much thank you.

[00:50:06]
Everything everything.