So it's a real pleasure to have the First
your son would leave with us today

he got his hundred graduate degree in
chemical engineering at the Sawgrass will

university and
then move to MIT We're going to be in and

also be a costar to work before coming to
Georgia Tech in two thousand and thirteen

to the school of mechanical engineering
work he's currently in just a professor.

He's won a number of different awards
most recently from Samsung corporation as

well as the Korean American
scientists engineers Association and

his research is broadly in areas like
the chemical energy storage conversion and

we're going to hear a little more
about that today OK thank you for

kind of direction so.

So today so I'm going to show some of them
first so how we can design the market

function electro the for next generation
energy storage devices forest let me.

Introduce the motivational B.C. research
so you know that because of the safety and

we saw because of environmental
issues that we are trying to

replace faster pure energy source
our chests and wind energy

the question is how we can connect
these to be in your energy source to.

Such as house electricity and
electric portable electronic device par so

we can't directly convert these to be in
your energy source to electricity is kind

of poor take content Twente all solar
power and already kind of wind America so

then to Dan the way to
electricity is delivered to.

Directly through this kind of electric
waves but they do you know these kind

of the newer energy source is basically
we need to store energy during

daytime put demand in night to basically
electro chemical energies to even

convert devices can some of the really
sort of these kind of energy sources to.

US so that so let me.

Of course introduced to referee
into tapes and story devices person

is electro chemical capacitors sometimes
to record to pull capacitors so

any of pride the potential are so one
electrode is positively for our eyes and

the other one is negatively for
our eyes so

than of Italy target electronic to
eye on all digital on the surface of

the electrodes by the electricity
interaction so we called this is a double

layer capacitance basically this kind of
the electric capacitor can store charge

when these are face of electrodes through
this kind of charge to the mechanism so

on the other hand for
each of my own battery store charts

in the lead to the matures So these
are huge impressed over the conventional

batteries consist of this kind of lithium
quite oxide part of to be electrodes and

graphite negative after us as you can
see these post electrode the house this

kind of a or structure matures during
the charging and charging process.

During there are charging this kind
of process basically we are fully.

Mature for charges to it so

then of product play in the electorate
the mature and they are all

energy storage mechanism so this is
a double layer capacitance so let's say

these blue sucker is the electoral
matures So let's say the range of bats.

So during the charging so they can
all do doable in the face of lactose.

Capacitance to maximize this kind double
layer capacitance we use these kinds of

high surface area covers so in the other
has to this kind of the of for

intellectually action so each of my own
can't penetrate into the broken but

yours basically we are fully utilized this
kind of electorate matures so you can.

Buy talks like Ray or
destructively to go buy stocks like.

So in between so
they are on other types over there and

I just saw the mechanism called the
results of the action also the capacitance

some or one in which years such
as our conducting point you were

actually taken store charts based on the
of the option of an eye on the backbone so

we called that that is the surface of the.

Action was a storm you know
when what you're such as with.

A cure if they can store charge on this or
face and the near surface region so

here so electorate ion camp penetrate
into the little bit over the years

the penetration death of these super
capacitor mature is around tens of

nanometers So based on these
are charges to the mechanism for and so

we can expect to the promise the primes
over the energy storage devices so

this prop called the robbery for
compare energy and

special power with the different
energy storage devices so

especially energy means how much energy
we can store you need a master device

specific power means how
quickly we can deliver or

hockey clear we can charge the energy
there you can see the electric capacitor

have high power for low energy so
think about the charges to the mechanism

saw this kind of electro chemical
capacitor Are you one of the door to door

on the surface reactor the way it is
very fast the power is very high we only

utilize the surface of electrodes right
energy is limited so the other hand it to

my own battery has a high energy because
we are fully utilized electro mature but

little my own need to
penetrate into the mature so

we call this is the storage
state if you don't process so

this kind of sorting state if you don't
process too low so we have low power so

then our research of course is
to design the electrical matures

which has high power so added much at this
kind that would have passed a mature or

so high energy so ed much as it's kind
of each of my a battery but years.

So then this is the months over
the reach of my own various saw

from the one nine hundred ninety S.

So the energy density is on
the one hundred kilogram so

that these days the energy density is
all wrong two hundred two hundred fifty

kilograms but this kind of each
of my Barry is still expensive so

of course poor battery fact the electric
cry is five on that a popular watt hour

in two thousand and
fourteen so these days people.

Asked the mate that the Qantas drop to
two hundred dollars per hour but it's

not sure but you got factory course target
is hundred dollars per kilowatt hour by

four twenty two in so based on this kind
of energy density and high costs listen to

our nature John or read the battery food
question the first on is how to make

a battery that's expensive the simpler we
can increase the energy density or we can

use the much cheaper matures and also how
can you make a very vast or more energy so

this is related to energy density and
how can he make a battery Safer So

basically this is a delay to safety issue
and the roster one is a battery in a for

renewable create president per two
stored in your energy price the battery

should be right the battery should be made
of very much yours basically we need to

use the sum sauce tenable and
much cheaper or electro matures.

So this is of this picture
shows the history of the reach

of each other Veritas
the problem the battery.

So these days a little my own battery so

this of your prepared by the proper
task into start at eight so

basically he predicted that saw these
days that we are using this kind of the.

Battery he already put the future
of the other battery so

he that probably into starting peepin
probably remain use this kind of the who

want to type so each of my own battery so
basically all one immature can be

prepared extract from this kind of
the fruit or some kind of biomass so

than so this kind over the one in which
you're a part of especially this kind of

the functional group can react to be
basically can store one electrons pour or

this kind of group so
then consider all of the charges

to review mechanism of this kind or want
to go back to the mature parts therapy

types over the charges to the mechanism so
this is a poor or convention or

conducting a poorly Murs So Commissioner
problem or two if you remember why.

And electrons that dance so
we can still wear one of and

I on the back when I
would use of disappear.

Or and I insertion charges to the image
and then the other hands and type.

Directory directory structure my own so
to want electrons so

we're one of the most of Africa and
today we can produce this kind of warning

on the components so this kind of carbon
in America or Canada actors are richer and

we can store one you left us so
here is the one

you could employ over the paedo pain
of conducting or so this is the.

Pirate wean So basically this kind of
piety in what year is radically obeyed

over security of direction our
kids to ration process over the.

Core product so if we are to over these
piety in the over an exorbitant So

if we are price charged so
we can dream of who want to lecture us.

Potentially moving when you talk to us so

that we can create this
kind of with the curse so

that this kind of radical is copied based
on other wants can generate its time or so

if we repeat this so we can create our
piety and put them are on the substrate so

then so we can see if you are in
the cycling process create your increased

over the charging and discharging process
so gradual increase over this kind of all

creation and you took some pics of
the selective use the electro chemical

pull in the writing process so
after society put him or so

we can transfer to the fresh
elect right so there is no.

Any more so than if we major of C.

cycle a full time into a game so
we can see clearly any direction picks so

this is a later we still and
I on the mechanism

of this kind of problem are basically we
can store one electrons him or no more.

So than.

Introduce and.

Cast those so let me first compare with
the conventional you know body cast of

food this is the lithium can by talk
side each of my own post faith so

there's a commission or a cast of them
a cure for each of my a battery so

you can see these kind of
you know when you make your.

Or on the one hundred fifty
sixty million people around so

they will be that's potentially is on
three four to five and forward so that it

will we see the smaller more accurate is
introduced by our proposed task group so

in two thousand and eight the is so more
like you're headed for a group so then

each company group Kennedy activist leech
my own cancer to where I want electrons so

then so
this is the child a profile that is of

sorts you can we can clearly see of
this the molecular chemist to work for

each each molecule so
that if we calculate the capacity

is pretty time war then four hundred
billion people so if we compare with this.

Kind over the you know body cast or you
can see energy densities to more than two

times but there are a critical challenges
over this kind of a one in which you're

the first one is this kind of
a one in what year is right so

basically there are power points or late
promise limited so if you can see if we

increase the charging these telling rate
so they're promising is quickly decrease

that's the first issue the second Do issue
is the last cycling step because of the T.

duration of this a molecular
during the cycling process so

basically in the initial hour the parsed
capacity is poor hundred million people

crammed with the intent of a cycling
process actually does a molecular add to

your putting in the wanted so we
are creating really lose this capacity so

basically it is kind of long and
we saw poor cycling Stevic our critic

issues over this or
any type battery matures OK so

from now actually our Let me introduce how
we can improve or how we can solve this

kind of the issues of going in with yours
the first topic is to functionalize of

commonality or lack thereof for
high power energy storage appreciation so

let's see let's say this is the of wanting
more lectures include this kind of couple

of function so we can expect this kind of
the results of the action we see to my.

But this morning curious interrelating
still we have low power also for

cycling seventy because of dilution so
then so we need to

make serious the lot of the Kentucky
Cheers to fabricate the electrodes so

then our strategy is to incorporate
the option function on the.

Cover metric such as on our troops so
this is a schematic of cover ups so

we are trying to chemically incorporate
this kind option pensionable So

on top of these carbon nanotube
via covalent of one so then

this kind of carbon that you can support
high electrical conductivity right so

then this can improve the populace and
also this kind of more accurate

attached on the substrate only on
the surface carbon if either covalent or

one so we don't need to worry about that
over this kind of one and when it cured so

then so does the schematic over
the Marquis work function and

I don't know what your carbon nanotubes So
we started as a carbon nanotubes So

basically proceeds are placed there
are many of them on the surface of carbon

nanotubes so then there you can see we can
see this kind S.P. to conduction war over

that is what your come on that if this can
be good electron conduction Channer and

on this our face there are many
options from where I grew up so

they can react to history to my
own test or one of electrons so

this is the basic design principle
over this kind of the of functionality

of carbon nanotubes So
then the question is how Kenny.

To the carbon nanotubes So
we use the station processor

using the of ask the missed mixture so
these are free to guess the night of X.

the mistress of.

The tubes so seventy so
hewas five controlling

this kind of the difference in time so
we can control the amount.

On the cover no cubes so here X.

P.S. So there's a pre-teen.

AT To me ratio is very small point one
negligible amount of group but it will

increase the occupation time to our four
hours so we can increase the option to.

Op two point two So
then after forward this is saturate so

that if we see our high resolution X.

P.S. come when I speak so
we can see the incorporation of.

Chess couple in a group in which
the court of appeal against it was or so

on other types over the ocean from.

So this can also change the of

these progeny property of this
carbon nanotube generally.

So we are trying to disperse in water so
they.

Too quickly in the water but if we
incorporate ocean functional groups so

their software becomes hydrophilic and
we saw some of the action functional

groups such as kind of the group have
some negative charge in the Star place so

we can get some kind of with the crew
there it is part of their stability it

will increase in time so then so
this put this experiment we used the of

a few are carbon nanotubes So
this couple now is already all on base or

on three and Paul saw the six to ten
nanometer and the ranks disappoint

four millimeters in pretty or long
actually aspect ratio is or on the P.P..

So Than So this is of priest
keen fewer couple nanotubes So

if we see this pristine of immediate
we can see the the war longer

is every good for so
than after all she nation process

you can see those are faced over
this couple now has to become.

So can you guess why after all creation

process actually the surface of
the carbon there if you can.

Any guess.

So basically incorporated.

So basically attacked the cabin
that it was our place S.B.

to conjugation that talk is now broken so

by incorporating option functional groups
are now actually S.P. to conjugation on.

To S.P.C. recovered so basically So
we are breaking the start pace of carbon

nanotubes So we're incorporating the
option for a group so then if we measure

of electro chemical over this carbon
nanotubes the precinct on the tubes so

we measure it is our C.B. cycle aforetime
it to from one point five to four point

five So we use these forecasts of the war
of power to reactors so beat this

heures almost a shave so basically
it's potential depend on the current

response this is a characteristic
of the double layer capacitance so

that if we incorporate option function
I would have left it to our poor we

can see grid you are to Belem on top
of the oxidation and reduction pics so

creation reduction peaks means a fan of
the reaction to charge is to do action

on mediating some electron transfer so we
can expect it's kind of the docs reaction

saw between this introduce couple
new group and only to my own so

then if we calculate the of capacity so
pristine come on the show capacity or

a long story billion people gram or
so pure capacitance but

by incorporating one from Chicago so

we can increase capacity up to
one hundred twenty million.

So please remember that
the commissioner test them which you're

going to stop have capacity on one
of the sixty one on the seventy rock

now we are one hundred twenty OK.

So then so put this kind over
the our chemical creation process so

we use the strong as the mixture put
in person we use the seventy percent

of the night to be gassy and ninety six
percent over those are pretty gassy So

if you know these kind of the acid
the mixture can course environmental and

safety issue.

So we so to replace this kind of
process that we developed a new

creation process using most of the new
of nitric acid so this is the night

to see the concentration is on the poor
one five two point three more so

instead of the chemical So we applied
the highest amount of condition process so

we're forced prepare this kind of single.

So that we put this into the cloth passive
So in this kind of to you tonight to gas

dilution we just hearing so then so or
we can create the option where the car and

attack this kind over the carbon nanotube
this thing is kind of single feel so

then you probably see the more you're
dissing or a couple nanotubes as you can

see again the pace of the tubes become
life and after ovulation process so

one of the interesting is that actually
the density were so increased so

that that people with this single cup on
the tube is on point six grandpa C.C.

but after all creation process the stent
he had to be increased to one campuses so

when we designed the electro the mature
poor energy storage device this kind

of density is also a very important
important engineering parameter so

can you guess why why discount density is
important for designing electoral matures

So basically we can get high energy and
power density put unit flew

over the D.F.T. by this device right so
if the that is high so

we can make better seen or
better some more energy storage device.

Then let a sea surface
chemistry saw pristine.

Has to cover lasers or
on point or sticks so

we can increase this to a sure
fire in critical condition time

who are by increasing the concentration
of nitric acid soap two point zero or

six so that we can see
information over the various

action function I would have including
company group and also interesting me

if we increase the concentration of
dietary gases that's the point to

the more we can see this kind of nitrogen
doping so we can see the incorporation of

the various nitrogen function I grew
up on the carbon nanotubes so then so

we compare our targets to months over
those single cup on the tube and

cover negatives so there you can
see if we incorporate them or

junction I will we can see clearly
the development of automation and

the actual pick So this C.B. compared
based on the unit mass of the electorate.

Then if we compare the C.B.
The current normalized by the Uni for you

over the electorate you can see if the for
the increased over this current because

of the densification process during
the of those tomorrow creation process.

So then this is meant to capacity and for
a limited capacity now the of the capacity

has been increased to a one hundred
fifty million so then so if we compare.

Us.

On a tour of space on of mass and
based on volumes so we can see so

we can get high gravity and we're so
hyper limit to the capacity or

on the one hundred fifty billion or
one hundred ampere our perimeter.

So this is the latest
the carbon nanotubes So

let me switch it will be remise
which are the topic two.

Years now so these days so we can
prepares grepping oxide from graphite So

using the chemical process called
the modified humor the mass of so

we can prepare rather scared
over the crappy graphite So

this is the crafting oxide solution
basically it is parsed site in water so

which is prepared by of you modifies
from on the message an hour or so

then people we see chemistry of the
description oxide So this is our little

bit oris still there are many types the
ocean functional group so it is not well

defined but so we can expect some
kind of blocks of the action with

this kind of the option from Tiger Bendish
to my own right the question is we can.

Have this kind of stuff if you don't have
the action function I would want to grab

Keane and the second question if yes how
can he effectively utilities kind of with

the results of the action so to answer
these questions do we prepare or graphics

I feel I'm using the computer action
message that we just completed this.

Solution so that we can get this
kind of crap in excited paper so

on top of the membrane so we can
detach this paper from the membrane so

then you can see this kind of to
the rear of the structure of the craft.

So then to we measure a description
of in the regions there so

you can see there is some capacity so
all around ninety million people gram but

the test is not so high and
also real a promise is better for

so you can see it will increase current
density to capacity is pretty creased

right so I believe it is kind of the poor
performance because of the low electronic

conductive eighty four with graphics
like crap in Excite is almost right so

to recover electrical conductivity.

We need to passionately
need to see this crap and

secondly as you can see this is
a compactly are packed into the latest.

Probably electorate ion is how
to keep us into the disarray or

structure right so that's of poor that's
all you know the poor performance for

this crap an excited utterance.

To improve this promise of this crap so
we mix that we start of functionalized

to the books that if you're caught on them
too we stuck so we parsed prepared to his

progeny including Post OP stated
the fuel on the tubes and so then so

we of again the upright the configuration
process so then as you can see these

kind of the carbon nanotubes are inserted
between the cracks in oxide a few players

so we can get this kind of to
the are trying to structures so now than

to only cover electrical conductivity
we partially reduced this crap in

our side at two hundred stations for
two hour on there are going environment so

then Sue we can expect of some kind
of the fast computer through this

kind of the of the gap between the crap
in our site so that if we compare our

targets are you promised so at the single
current density the capacity has been

increased from eighty to one hundred
twenty right or so if we increase

this kind of with the current density so
we can get actually better late promise.

So then to further improve this promised
we decided to use the last three D.

Graph in so we can also see
societies kind of the three D.

blue shape using the arrows
pray piracies Mesereau So

this is the shape of the graph in so
then again so we mix these three D.

in with the function the light
at the top of the material so

after of process we can get
these kind of those three D..

So now.

And cord so
within the of if you are cut on that you.

Networks So then if we compare of Pop
almost as you can see the capacity

has been increased now it's close to one
hundred sixteen million people around so

now if you see Ray problems we can see
are significantly improve the LES problems

compared to of our other and
other composite materials so

damp this is because of the fossil
A to the electorally and

I only transpose through
this kind of a hierarchy.

So it is interesting to electrodes
have the similar chemical composition

if we compare to couple nature force have
poor in all seven chemical structure.

Basically almost same but it will be moot
if I just microstructure so we can infer.

Most of these kind of electrodes.

OK Still next so
let's limit the of the nanotubes So

let's try to design the elect of
the mature based on only graphing So

this is crap you know EXCITED FOR
JOHN RICE So

instead over the process that we
are fry the hydrothermal reaction so

simply so forth is crap in excited
progeny into the cloth faster so

we just hit it is faster so
hunger say she was so then the fatal water

becomes superheated right the basically
of the beta water becomes

two point of the paper and
they can generate to the of a proton so

so then this proton can deduce this crap
so then to reduce crap in oxide can be

covered their S.P. to conjugation their
talk so then to read a scrappy looks tired

have some kind of Monday or
worse and we saw five interaction so

data set for samples so generated
this kind of the crap in hydro Garr.

So then it we see is our face chemistry
just graphic style has a high.

Poor in for
two then we simply increased this

the rest of our nation temperature so
we can reduce the ratio below two point.

Fine so then it will be a sea
of high legislation ex fix so

this crap has told me not to see
your pics comes from the hydroxy or

Apple site group but after some live
action we can see a huge decrease

of this pic so basically this
indicator recovery over the of

S P T S P two contribution
metal Corps will graphene.

So then we still we can't control
the microstructure over the scrapping of

electrons so this crap in hides will get
so if we just tried this crap in high the.

Shrink to this kind of the Parkers so
then it is hard to make electively was

destroying the particle So then instead of
vacuum drying so we use the free drying

process so then so we can print over this
kind of porous structure but in poor

you see the density of this electorate
is too low point or two campuses see so

they don't mention the ED imagine that the
test is also important the power meter for

designing or electro matures right so
if we consider the density or

commotion our activity covered electorate
is on point seven campuses see so

who then we used to prototypes
to try process we purchased

mechanical depressed crappy and dancer
we operated a vacuum drying process so

based on this kind of two step
process we can get this kind of or

forgive the graphic structure so
that the Supreme.

Persists eat comparable to come ashore
activated carbon but this is this

electricity you have this kind of some
laterally developed a porous structures so

then if we are matter of
time it's really promise of

these graphene of electrodes so
these crayon is graphene.

So if we need use one hundred story
you want on the eighty six you can see

development over this kind of
book station and you Dr P.

So interestingly if you increase
the temperature too much.

So we can see creased over these people so
this is because if we increase the.

Temperature too much so now we are the
moving some group who are some real

function to go to war so right the damage
stary some of these actions temperature so

then you can see these kind of the opera
up in digital crap in all star film has

a good capacity so
on the one hundred forty fifty so

after reduction at one on the wrist
sorry station was so one of the distinct

of the bunch of this warning maturity
is how I cycling stability so

we did a cycling test of two P.P.
thousand cycling tasks but

actually there is no capacity agree they
actually capacities are a bit increased so

there's a Foster I calling this.

Out and
cycling charging charge of carbs so

you can see actually the capacity to
increase so this is because I guess

during their or trying to process
fluctuate I on can keep use.

Of electrodes can find a more active
chemically active surface area

or so of we collaborate is the proper
Susan down here at M.S.C. So he calculate

the results potentia over the various
options using the competition mess of so

you can see the craft has some potential
or on the one point to abort so

we calculate the real of potential
of the carbon in a pocket.

So at the plane and also yesterday
group so we also calculate the number

without the point the function of this
case in this case two there you can see

i do we expect this kind of group
has the highest bit of potential or

onto the board this is
consistency of basically our

experiment to reject so we can conclude
that this kind of company group

is the main contributor for
the results of the action or

with this kind of a door or
carbon based electorate matures.

So the next topic so would probably
this kind none of them such as carbon

nanotubes and graphene the size so
we want to incorporate.

On other redux actually
wanting more letters so

let me show one of them for
today so here so we used.

So the interesting one in what year or
so if we are to palm it in I've shown so

the apartment can be either to go
over to her to day of gradually or

start you eventually a day or polarized
one probably any kind of songs three.

So then simply we are mixing.

On the tubes right just mixing So the I
kind conditions we are just touring so

then to palming can be poorly more eyes on
top of this kind of cover not to use right

so we can create the various into palming
calling putting the plumbing calling on

the cover not of tubes so then using the
affection for iteration process again so

we can create this kind of the surface
tending flex that we're elected to matures

so then so we can control the loading
amount of portable palming by simply

controlling the concentration with men
who are simply controlling the storing

time of the day's top I mean the question
is why why we need to use the timing.

So then actually the exact structure
over the poor little comments

on the debate but.

People consider that this kind of five or
six in the can on is the major

component of the portable palming so
than if we see a structural

that is five six in the can on this is
more like your has to come on a group

based on these two companies group if
we calculate the purity to capacity

the should be of higher than three
hundred sixty billion program.

That's the one with them so
then if we see the mike.

Structure over this compound electorate
this is just one narrative network so

that if we.

Put them all right so
on top of these carbon nanotubes so

we can see the great your increase
the diameter of this carbon nanotubes

there you can see it is
the fiftieth all the way.

To put the loading and the sixty percent
over the point of the palm in our loading

so if we compare that diameter with
a couple now two you can see these two on.

The one had a higher rather diameter
compared to pristine fuel on the tubes so

that it will increase support of the from
a loading to mot now we can see this kind

of the spear this kind of P.R.
is to basically poorly the spear so

they synthesize based on the step a new
creation process it without consideration

is too high so that people we
see high level of he immediately

can clearly see the formation of the farm
field on the cover not the tubes so

this is the increase over the time to
fifteen come on a two after six hour

starting we can see the publication
over the port of the Permian so

all saw we can clearly see the uniform
calling over the fall of the Permian

after eighteen hours right so
then using the F.P.S.

that we can for the composite
incorporation over the option functional

group from the police department such as
this kind of a comedy group and also we

can see incorporation over the of nitrogen
from trying to grow from the forty or.

So then we see electrochemistry So
this is the C.V.

there so you can see the first person.

To all oxidation wait so this is.

A left or chemical process over
the over the top come in but

this quickly decreased so we can get
very strong results peaks after us or

pure cycles so this is the steady
state C B over the disappointing.

So interestingly we do potentially
dependent from the last can be.

So we can seek radioactive element to with
this kind the reduction peak oxidation and

induction pick So
we believe it is come from so

end up in process the reaction
between the bandage and I am.

Impressed any more so
we can see some development over the of on

little future here high potential
leader or on forward so

we believe this come from the people
ping process over the poorly the coming.

Hours sure some mechanism for these next
lies so this kind of put in the palm it

is redux actives So not only with
the reach of my own body or so

we saw to my own so
we can use these pawpaws.

Resource or the battery source so
this part of the farm in PM sure

of good way promise by maintaining
its results feature up to twenty

twenty five million SEC so
than again the processor also.

Calculate the potential over the of this
kind over the part of the foreign film so

we calculated of potential of this
kind of five six in the can on

include this kind of come when you go
to store these kind of the five or

six by hydroxy or so
which has this kind of group so

they can see the see the potential
it is close to sleep or

to buy so then so we can see this kind of
the of five or six in the queue no one

is the major contributor for
a lot of reaction and so this report is

pretty consistent to be electro chemical
leader if you can see we can see huge.

Reports or

so we calculate of the potential support
this kind of people being mechanism

of considering interaction between the and
IOs between this and more no more and

I am more in timers so that calculated
of potential is in the range is or

on the food court right from three
point seven two forward that if we see.

So this kind of serious cancer we
can see this can be the future so

this is related with the people.

Of of.

So oil.

Right and I guess so
then if we compare of the charge for

a fire in the chimps and saw them say so
this gray on is just a few are coming out

of tubes gives only forty or
thirty million people gram indigents.

And by incorporating this kind of
active part of the plumbing so

we can increase the capacity
over one hundred.

Forty in each one hundred
fifteen in Saudi I'm sorry but

this capacity has been calculated based
on the tour and mess of electrodes so

including a couple not a few and
put it right so

that if we calculate it we asked a mate
the capacity over the only part of

the prime in the bore the capacity for the
only part of the palm is pretty high is

over two hundred million people crammed
in there and we saw over two hundred

million people in saw them so
that we saw it shows very good.

And restore we do cycling tasks so we can
see is table proposed up to ten thousand

PSI course so basically there is no change
your charging the charging for fire and

saw between of course like her and ten
thousand Psi Corps and also we attached

to the surface discharging tast So we hold
to this electrode at one point five or

so after Earth after pass so we open
the stat so washed with the bath so

we can clearly see this kind of ritual so
when we hoard at one point five or six so

this compound the interaction between
the action functional group and

the tomorrows So basically.

Kind of this part of the.

So one of the weakness of this.

Is the low.

Capacity based on the poor
elect of the mass right so

only one hundred twenty was sorry so
if we compare previous graphene So

that was the of around
one hundred fifty or so

then to overcome this kind of low capacity
issue so we of use thirty percent.

The farming functionalized process so
here so we mixed.

Side of this project together for

us that we are pried the height of some of
the action so then during the hydrothermal

the action part of the palm in court on
the face of this kind of the possible.

So then as you can see this
electorate has pretty high so

pretty high priced you right to probably
that that's pretty low so then so

we just make kind of
press to select source so

we can get this kind of the compact
highly packed structure or

electrodes to test these now
point seven five grams so then so

we measure capacity so based on the Torah
left to the mass Now the capacity has

an increase over two hundred AD is crossed
two hundred fifteen million people.

Or so over two hundred million.

So we significantly
increase the capacity so

based on the Torah mess of the electrodes
by using this kind of the of

hi there some are put in the writing
process or the part of the plumbing.

OK So this is the rascal peek through
basically the last looking is the more

to function energy storage device for
flexible and wearable electronics.

So so let me introduce layer by
layer set possibly process so

basically layer by layer
supposedly process.

Of formation process so
based on the electrostatic interaction

between the negatively charged and
positively charges pieces.

So if we prepare this kind of
negatively charged carbon nanotubes

positively charged carbon nanotubes
separately so prepared to store Lucian so

that we keep the substrate
alternatively into these positively and

they were charged so this kind of
carbon nanotubes can be set for

somebody by the electrostatic
attraction so

let me core he's kind of the peeping
here here let me quote this is the one.

By layer cycle so that if we
increase this by a layer cycle or

so we can increase the thickness of
this couple not a few on this or

face any kind of substrate statistical
Raipur and also eye to the core to grass

so we can be nearly increase the or
decrease of this narrative film

by controlling this kind over the number
so then this is a C.M.E. media

cross-section as a media with a couple
not on the silicon wafer so you can see.

Can you still cover nanotubes and
it's a white arrow indicate interface

between the cover and
then accuse and or silicon wafer So

this is of so
this is my Ph to work during at MIT so

I pursed introduced this kind of cup on
a tube to a layer by layer system and

then was to a song of bass electable fully
to my own battery so then the last year.

Of from Korea university he played
to my group so for one years so

then we developed the DO types of
the layer by layer separate symbol

process called the Uganda media
to radio by a lesser possibly So

instead of using electrostatic
attraction here or so

we used the exchange of reaction
between the two on him like yours so

we prepare this kind of tremor occur so
this kind tremor like yours has

to be our primary I mean group so
then so we were prepared to bat so

people don't bat include the mad at him
and our oxide on a part of course so

we just have regarded by this kind of
party leader and so he has to do is of.

Ammonium bromide gun so this morning
group attached on the Star past of this

man I met our stand at a party so keep
some clothes as template over this not

a particle so then we passed the substrate
into the these Tremlett to a solution so

then of the door on the surface
of this substrate so

then so we moved to this kind of
with a not a particle solution so

then this kind of primary I
mean group had just thrown.

Morning group so they can use primer I
mean who can be patched this I'm going

to get a can of the door on this our
face of the school do not a particle so

basically we can generate
is kind of cool ray or

not a particle layer on the surface
over the substrate so then so

we can move to again to the solution now
that trend can replace the remaining this

kind of the gun or the door on the surface
of this or crude nanoparticle layers so

then we moved into or not a particle
layer basically by leaping this kind of

layer by layer process we can create
the compile Maher and various including

of the not a particle or of not a particle
layer on the any kind of substrate.

So our core is to design the flexible and

we are energy storage devices so
that generally people use.

Paper or are some kind of the cotton or

some kind of the of fabric edges substrate
but they do know the paper and favor.

So we parsed convert this kind of
substrate into Lady poorest I would say to

make the conduct you write so
then Sue we combine

this kind of with of either rating paper
to mentally paper by incorporating

Golden a particle or so using the league
on the media today or by a low.

Regard immediately layer by layer
supposed to be processed by repeating

the thread and called another
part of courage option process so

after combining this kind of
paper to Metallic Paper so

we potter incorporate them to the capacity
of not a particle such as iron oxide and

not a particle if you have
a high energy density so then so

this is of cross-section
estimated we can see the many of

our mental with this kind over
the paper so then we can see the cob

cording over the core is not a particle
layer saw this kind of the of every and

or show of paper so then this is
a bare paper so after repeating disk.

And I'm going to media to layer by layer
possibly so we can convert better paper to

Metallic Paper so
it will we see electrical conductivity so

apt to her of sixteen by layer
to position the electrical

conductivity is pretty high still more
than two hundred percent to meter so

I believe that this is the highest
electric conductivity have really put

in for
this kind of the flexible substrate so

then one problem with this are conductive
paper so we are incorporating so

excited I am excited that a particle so
this gray on the shore spare the paper so

just Kentucky report there is
no promise after incorporating

the twenty point five by layer with side
we can see clearly see the increased.

Presence.

But one of a piece of the bent to do
whatever the problem with this kind of

the Merrick side Nana Patekar.

Is they are poor electrical
conductivity so then so

we periodically incorporate
these cool down a particle

the reality parted three in
a year with a dismaying and

its oxide putting one layer of the cord
repeating against the radio with or

make it so excited to be of course that
we are repeating this kind over the.

Layer by layer of the party in step so
by incorporating so cool they are between

the being in a cloud they are so we can
further increase the of the past for

us if we see the past tense to
weed out the way or the past.

Five hundred federal program but
after incorporating so we can increase

the capacity of step one hundred for
a program so we so we can of precisely

control of the message routing by
controlling number with the of by a layer

basically we can do pinpoint control
over the area capacitance by controlling

the basket all of that this kind of
the micro scare image story devices.

So then so we fabricated the of for you
guys so basically this is the main game.

Positive electrodes and he says I don't
know this is the iron oxide base the never

came back to us so we used to discard the
point of all types of carry like twice so

then saw we made a pact with the P.D.
a mess so then so

we do tests on their bending and lepping
structure showing those table most were so

we are cycling our separate task on
the planet and bending conditions

showing the only good cycling promise so
then is the way any of compared just

energy density and power density based
on the unit area with this device just.

A power and energy density
compared to previously ported of

these kind over the place
they were supercapacitors So

we saw we can simply increase these energy
in power by operating more active much US.

OK So this is somewhat a slice so we are
trying to develop them the last active on

which years by considering scale ability
and also sauce temporality is stored now

so we are trying to develop some of
the function our energy storage device by

considering this kind of flexibility and
stretch ability of the electrodes so

that So our goal is to design the next
generation of energy to be matures to have

high energy density and high powered and
excellent cyclists cycling stability

on top of this kind of problem is that we
are trying to add this kind of functional

functionality to support fast
you by being where over and.

Devices.

I think you could use the.

Show.

As he was last for.

Or service.

Smaller.

Of.

So that's so from.

A do you suspect there are two types
of story because the person is

the capacitance that you mentioned that's
a related with the surface area so

the other one is the capacitance or

Sophos results of action between the
option function of any to my own right so

that if you see this coming out
of Cuba sure who needs Saudi.

So this can probably lead
pretty into capacitors but

apt oxidation is because one hundred
twenty sometimes one of the fifty so

you can estimate the low pretty estimate
the contribution of the capacitance and

so obviously the sea action so then based
on this leader probably a compass and

probably ten or
twenty percent right edge of

their might to be reduced over some double
layer capacitance but so we have more.

Functional going.

Because we're incorporating more
surface to look to the action so

we can increase the war and it's best way.

To basically.

So let's say it's come down in particular.

Is dispersed in Turin two so

then Turin is kind of normal
right Actually there's no

electricity between this kind
not a particle so then basically

if we see the structure so
this kind of particle is compact three

Orions each other so because the person is
there's no electrically present the second

things that you can see so we are limiting
most or with these kind of the porky

organic dig on the right so then make
this kind of not a particle cross

packed on the substrate so
that that's the water bridge and

we can get nearly high
electrical conductivity we saw.

Argo Actually it's pretty easy actually.

I think.

So basically generally people use walk so
people use the of poorly elect right so

for example let's say colder than a
particle past prepare the chargeable them

are not a particle so that we prepared
on other charge the podium or so then we

we are departing parsed not a particle and
put them or nano particles right so

then in between these kind of the particle
layers that they are Porky put them are so

dense to the electrical
conductivity is not so

good so now really moving so
we limited all of that is kind of.

To do you can't so we can decrease the
distance between the pool in a park or so

basically that can maximize the electrical
conductivity in communication between

the just kind of not a partisan.

Service rough for me.

Yes.

Is there any.

Forms.

That.

Actually it is so but

there might there is some kind of
the optimum oxidation time let's see here.

Our poor you can see Create your increased
over the ocean to cover later so

eventually after six hours
something happens so

actually there is calling of Discover
narratives they are basically mechanically

great because too much opposition process.

Is this kind over the maximum time.

So basically you can see this a lot
in the last in the Eventually

vision where this cult now tubes.

And you

mean this kind of sort of quality.

I think.

I think that that probably this
graph shows some kind of the.

Answer so you can see so
this time right so

to our poor a six hour right so
there you can see the extent to cover

nature is point one point two point
one seven right so there you can see

all these problems is the increase
in crisper saturate So this showing

us the good correlation between the
capacity and the amount of action from.

But this is just the one factor but
we also probably can

study let's say they promise to both but
there's no correlation for

this but there might be some correlation
between the option functional group and

I would want to have a promise but

if we only consider just ever as you can
pasty issues nearly good correlation.

If you.