This afternoon so serious I am Marilyn
brand and I teach at the School of

Public Policy and and install Bergen
from international affairs have

put this together Thank you all for
coming we're going to learn

a lot about what's going on around
us Energy and Security covers so

many different dimensions of research and
the loss of fear Essex and

social science international
affairs economics for

a forgotten many perspectives
from which is examined so

we're going to take this all apart and
put it together and in the end talk about

the capabilities that we
have here to contribute to

solving some of the energy and
security problems that we face so

here is an agenda for the next hour and

a half we're going to walk
through thematic fully

the research that's going on in
the college starting with Adam and

international affairs and
while Verena Cruz will report on

the economists I'll talk
about public policy.

Steve also mail talk about history
technology and science and then to Lou and

will step in we'll have an open
discussion after that so

we're thinking about ten
minutes each week and

if we get to getting an engagement and
dialogue and

discussion to hear about your interests so

very nice to be here in the new
building I had to get on to the torch

a tech you know website to find where
Stephen Hall building was a big

city a building I walked by
every day if we could one

ran a cruise steward was
walking up to have him for me.

So it's really great to have they threw.

The newly renovated building
together in any way so

with that I'm going to go ahead and
ask Adam to walk there's interest

to carry.

And I will mail and
didn't touch on some of the themes but

these will resonate I
think from the different.

Presentations that we have here but
just give you a flavor of what's going on

across the campus you can just see on
the slide the different types of issues

functionally and regionally that we
tackle here across the college and

I know that a number of these
seminars that have taken place before

us have really sort of taken a deep
dive into specific research and

specific projects that are going on and
I think that the purpose of our

presentation today is really
to take a broad view and

get it give you a picture of the range of
different topics that are going on here

and we've asked several of our colleagues
from across the campus to not only give us

a few minutes there to summarize what's
going on their own unit but also maybe

talk in more depth about specific projects
that may interest you in the Q. and A And

also as Marilyn mentioned we've Tim has
just arrived and Mary have just arrived

from the Strategic Energy Institute and
they'll talk a little bit about how what

we're doing here in the college may be
able to plug into what's going on in

the sea of engineering outside of us so
some of the possibilities

in terms of some of the broader thought
leadership initiatives that this

Interdisciplinary Center or the Institute
at the campus is pursuing So without

further ado let me turn it to what's going
on and in our unit in the same one school

of international affairs and those of you
who don't know about the none school well

one you should into you should appreciate
that one of the distinguishing features

of the of the school is that we sort
of look at a number of global problems

from different perspectives in
many universities have political

science departments and political science
departments there are said fields and

we embrace many of those
as well as some people.

To looking at more
interdisciplinary issues but

in general we work at global problems
through different lenses one of the lenses

of strategic lens that looks at how states
or actors in the international system

interact across regional boundaries
across national boundaries and

sort of look at issues like conflict
studies or strategic bargaining issues or

crisis diplomacy and so we have
experts in the school to dissect those

types of strategic issues OK And
it's also on development and

political economy sector we also have
folks that look at specific regions

of the world experts on
East Asia on your map and

your illusion of Latin America so
they look at maybe some of how some

of these functional issues the conflict
related development related political or

economic play out in those certain regions
and maybe compare across regions and

then we have folks that look at what's
going on in specific countries and

how those developments interface with
those regional and global types of issues

so not surprising our
research on energy and

energy security is Mellon
mention is defined differently.

But it's looked at through these different
lenses so I'll give you a flavor

of some of the the research that
we're doing in this regard but

I see some of my colleagues out there who
in the Q. and A can sort of step up and

maybe pitch some of their own specific
work but let me talk about the strategic

view first and this is something that's
close to my work that has to do with some

of the geopolitical some of the bargaining
issues some of the related ways of energy

directly interfaces with foreign policy
making and international conflict and

coersion my own research at and
this is one of those surprising times

where I met talking about something I
actually know a little bit about and so I.

I have a longstanding interest in how
states use energy be it will natural

gas or commercial nuclear for
noncommercial effects OK Be it

in influencing what other
countries do be it in affecting.

Coercing States or inducing States or
shaping the outcomes of conflicts

Except for and
what's really interesting about this and

in the study of international security
which is a sceptical of international

relations is that there's a big disconnect
between the conventional wisdom and

what the policymaking community and
what probably you are interested in and

made of it you when it comes to energy and
warfare energy and conflict and

what the scholars do and you'd be
surprised to learn that there are.

Only about a handful of soon this article
that have been written on the relationship

between energy and I'm just talking
about energy not even across sectors and

international conflict that have been
written since the late one nine hundred

seventy so it's basically it's fallen
off the map into a very recently so

you don't have a lot of research being
done you have the research that's

been done there's a disconnect because
on the one hand you have scholars that

are interested in what and they're seen
energy is just one more commodity and so

they just sort of group it together with
economic trade or other types of natural

resources and then they tend to stay about
the role of politics or economics or

some sort of bargaining story for
energy is really not embrace alternative

really rather the experts on energy that
know a lot about markets know a lot about

the sectors and the technologies they
don't know about what leads to conflict

and how those things work so there's very
few people that can sort of grok that.

That tightrope there now and then the bad
data sets and we can talk about that

to begin with because the data generally
talks about energy doesn't decide

to get it across sectors or then within
streams within a sector so it's very.

Well to really and to come up with
something useful about energy without.

Getting into those details but
of course the popular view of

the policy views these days are that
these things really matter and that we

see what's going on in your lives or with
the rest of threatening to turn on and

off gas pipelines or Saudi Arabia
saying they're going to increase or

decrease the amount of weight they dump
on the markets and except for except for

save it there's a lot of interest there
but not a lot of research there also

the landscape is changing you are going
to hear more about this fracking

phenomenon only June I mean the whole
infrastructure not just prices and

not just the part the jeweler part
of the geography of supply and

demand are changing but the infrastructure
is changing so there's a big gap and

said My research is trying
to figure some of that and

we're trying to do things in
a number of different ways but

in a nutshell what we're trying
to do is systematically look and

see what we actually know about
the relationship between energy and

international conflict
using traditional datasets

using traditional hypotheses because I
mention this really hasn't been done but

we're going to come up with what I find is
a pretty one satisfactory at this moment

because of the week this
is that I mentioned So

what we're now trying to do is bring
in some new analytical approaches and

new methodology to
increase the data sets and

to a visualize some of these things so
what we're doing is we're bringing network

analysis into understanding this these
dynamic infrastructural changes let's say

natural gas so we're trying to understand
what is an energy Harbor gas well

what's the relationship between pipelines
for facilities that are in June in

these different regional context to
discern many measures of power influence

and vulnerability then we're going
to visualize these things because

without colleagues from
interactive computer.

That can actually give us interactive
visualizations the best on

this analytical right track and that
some of the text mining that we're doing

we can then give policymakers but then.

Really maps we can play around there say
well let's see if we want to sanction.

A certain set of firms where you can
see the knock on effects of doing that

in the network so you can begin to play
around with these things instead of

generating future scenarios Except for and
so that's really what my work is focusing

on a lot now has to do a lot of work on
nuclear energy and so on and that should

have there's been a lot of work done on
proliferation of weapons but it's not been

a lot of work done on the liberation of
commercial nuclear energy why did states

acquire it how does it diffuse what
are the strategic consequences so

those are some of the things that I'm
working at and we specially interesting is

that the bones of contention these isn't
worth the nuclear training have to do

between our lots and between our best
friends not necessarily with Iran and

North Korea because not trading with
them as much as what we're doing is

we're bumping up against these these
difficult technological distinctions

between commercial and strategic use
of certain aspects of the fuel cycle

with our own allies like South Korea
we have a project looking at some of

those things in a nutshell
raster look at that school

at what's going on in certain regions as
I mentioned and the E.U. center here and

I think we may have some folks here
that the rebel in the regular political

economy of the regulatory process is
easy rather and how that interfaces with

certain countries and so you can see here
one of my colleagues can push this looking

at how this plays out on an admissions
policies but we also have a number of

students that are interested in looking
at what's going on in the politics of

certain countries like Norway or
Slovakia or

the past experience into becoming
energy heads and how that affects their

relations not only with Russia which we
read a lot about in the newspaper but

asked of the E.U.
So how do we sort that out.

At that level we have colleagues that look
at what's going on in certain countries

and as I mentioned countries
even with the same

geographical endowments like Japan and
South Korea.

For the most part a very different takes
about what their energy strategy and

energy security strategies would be in
fact everybody has a green strategy but

what's interesting is that they define it
differently for example nuclear power is

South Korea's energy strategy it's not
part of Japan's energy strategy So

what explains that and
this is by the way before or

when Japan also had a very robust
nuclear and enthusiastic about nuclear

energy so LET explains those differences
and how it's related to broader issues of

political and economic development
the way countries model their development

programs in South Korea Japan very
different in China very different so

my colleague Brian Wood all is
looking at some of those things and

we have others in the school like
Larry Ruben who I see is over here and

he does a lot of work on Middle East
politics and particularly intra Arab

interactions and those of you who've been
reading the newspapers know not only.

The Gulf States for example which of
the big hydrocarbon producers increasingly

enthusiastic about new nuclear energy but
they add it it just is a very different

than countries that are resource start so
he can look at some of those things and

of course how that when those
countries like Saudi Arabia or U.A.E.

acquire a nuclear power weapon that may
do to the regional security dimensions.

Of trying to play what would happen if we
have a deal with Iran to allow them to

basically.

Rich like they are and sort of drive
a line here but what does that mean for

Saudi Arabia that has a rivalry
with Iran not not just Israel so

those are the kinds of things
that we look at in the schools so

let me I probably gone over my time so
let's be happy to talk in more detail

you know a lot of fun interesting puzzles
that play out in the energy space and

they're really we have some
great programs in terms of.

The courses we offer and

some of the research initiatives that
are going on both the school and

the center that really try to bring the
practical side of the ledger to bear on

this so without being happy dinner
entertained some of the questions were for

want.

Of.

A.

Hello my name is one we're in a Christmas
and I see some professor in the sort of.

I work on energy in a moment of issues and
you're point four legs.

And I'm going to talk to you about what
you do before doing that let me tell you

more generally what a economist do
who wants their similar questions

to those a place by Adam
a their perspective

we pretty much us the same questions
until they start to use their actual

relationship with the issues and
buy them at least.

One approach might be
a little bit different.

In that we try to be a market
face most of the time and

we structure our data from
the market of our visions of market.

And we can be in using a Game Theory
of a people working on fun.

If we work in different aspects let me
talk about my own research first because.

That's the way that's like it or.

I work on to a main areas one

has to do with climate engineering and the
other one with a special energy economics

climate engineering is the one that
is closer to that approach is more

the discussions on security and
energy security and nuclear weapons and

nuclear energy these technologies
are meant to modify their arguments.

Here or the stratosphere A In general
the climate system in a way that we

can't refuse temperature without
reducing in carbon dioxide emissions.

The problem with these technologies
is that they're very cheap so

every particular country can deploy them.

That means that every particular country
can set the thermostat at the planet level

to whichever level they want
that of course raises concerns.

But more interestingly for me it raises
important questions of how do you.

Fully see interactions and the comic
interactions sucker's agents on quantities

when you have a technology
with such leverage

that you can solve the problem with a few
billion dollars at the expense of course

of creating problems somebody
you saw somewhere else.

These have been funded by Pfizer
which she's running on provided by a.

Hard by that stand for through Bill Gates.

And also by the School of
Economics there in the summers and

those are some papers that
I can talk about a later.

This research studies infancy
when I started with my fish

the if you google the term your
engineering you'll find five kids and

now this thing is out of proportion and
what it's me but

also if the role for
the location so if you want to.

To get into I thought
big that will get you.

Excited this is maybe it.

Did it topic is most often
obsession than anything else and

is that in economics we fail to recognise
your graffiti limitation or us.

Something that induces economic activity.

And what we do in this research is
actually introduce yoga fuel economy

moiling clearly.

By this I mean I want the more lottery
very separate here I want to more mountain

so much as mountains and
see how this week of energy of resources

affects this review should not
mind if you difficult exactly.

This is again the same when I walk.

Work we call it the being Indian
even city of Calgary and.

There are no energy more that's the so
we're starting from this from scratch

which means that funding has been hard
to get by this model research grants and

most of the research which
I'm very grateful for.

Is now it will have been
into something that.

Will be there very soon.

This is what I do but it's.

A small part of what the School
of Economics condom.

I know one of our junior a professor
some professor Eric Johnson

who I don't know if he's here.

He's more interested on a renewable energy
and power and what will Energy place our

role in energy markets and
if you think of my fancy you know.

He he's work is mostly a econometrics

and he is trying to
understand questions so for

example you can market respond to
a larger fraction over normals

a how do they respond to the volatility
of prices how to consume it respond to

all subsidies in renewable What is
the behavior of the generator or

the best source in
the princes of subsidies and.

Obsession with me.

Where do you do these matters so
we're looking only.

At the level of a new levels but
when and where.

Here they are actually implement.

In this sense a inequality that's in
play only in access to energy but

it's also spatially related.

Our most recent.

On this topic on energy.

Who is an expert on not robust market.

Against his work it's
a combination of theory and

in fear excess his interest on how they
are physical infrastructure of a system

affects market behavior and agency.

So a pipeline that is the only pipeline
provide it particularly good between Q.C.

it is.

A monopolist of power of an order but
if you have a move to order

them to be in the distribution
then the market is still there.

And that you are game is to understand
what you fight for it how big this is.

To understand propose methods
to solve these problems.

These three A We have the three
faculty members that make

the core of the energy an environment of
study seen in the School of Economics but

there are people that then don't really
work with us that we have adopted and

working on interviews important.

Young team is working both with.

And with Eric.

Mark you Mark works with Eric I
would marry in some projects and

we try to look for collaboration
Cypress campus I have called I

would say with people in
environmental sciences.

Or mental sciences.

Our first project which was I will say

pretty much every school
in the college on campus.

It was found that by this
that the going to secure.

That seed funding actually.

Led to several yet to be successful
appropriations for funding and

we're working right now and
one that is a critical infrastructure or

called by in the south this is the same
group that was started by the seed funding

by sort of you know Gene secured.

In this latest project we have all the
economist working on it from the beginning

which I really like because we used to
be called at the end of the proposal and

now we get to say what the questions
are which is really good.

So that is what we do if you have any
questions about any of the them and

this is a question about my

research.

Given the privilege of going first
time her own research as you'll see.

I arrived at nine years ago.

And at that point I created the climate
and energy policy laboratory which

reflected my vision that energy security
was as much about the security of supplies

as it is about environmental
responsibility climate change issues.

Of resilience of the energy system and
using energy efficiently in order to

reduce the requirements for imports from.

Unfriendly parts of the world so.

When I set up the Clinton years and
Holocene lab I

brought with me some modeling tools and
the largest one that we use most all.

That is the National Energy modeling
system so that's the tool that we use

in looking in particular about
the at the U.S. energy system

it's the premier energy of modeling
tools that by the Department of Energy

is to underpin assessments of
proposed policies so and he says

let's put a tax on carbon that through
the Energy Information Administration and

they put that assumption into the national
remodelling system turn the crank and

write a report that no one knows
what the assumptions are inside

that black box because I
don't have it that tool but

we do we're one of two
universities that has that so.

I would love to entertain any interests
that others might have been making that

modeling tool so those are this is
a description of some of my interests and

most recently a publication on
this expanded definition of energy

security to include many dimensions going
way beyond Daniel Yergin smoosh and

of just diversify your sources
are diversify your energy

resource requirements to look
at other issues as well and

also I fasted definition of energy
security leads to many interesting

tradeoffs in the development of policies
what should you emphasize so countries

have taken many different approaches for
instance Germany has sacrificed

Energy Affordability in order to do
a really great job with energy accounting

environmental accountability so they're
paying thirty cents a kilowatt hour.

For a lot of very clean.

Wind and solar electricity but they're you
know they're paying the tradeoff they've

made and there are many interesting
tradeoffs the country has every country is

is quite unique even within the E.U.
system.

And these are some of the places that I.

Upper to eighty to publish and
over the last couple of years please go to

the climate energy policy labs website
to see all of the publications of

the faculty who are participating
in it we had the honor and

privilege of hiring a cluster of faculty
about six years ago including Dan

met us off until Knox Hayes and
then most recently another cluster

became available to us and then many
of the SETI and the various are here so

we're really pleased to have
a very strong core of analysts and

of course we like to reach
out to Thomas's party.

Point T. in public policy and why easy so

another area I wanted to mention in terms
of my research is my continuing interest

in what kind of a role in your deficiency
can play in meeting the requirements of

of countries and states cities or.

Two.

To meet their.

Energy Service demands thinking
about you demand electricity and

I demand gasoline in a few minutes Well
guess what I really want to see mobility

look at what you need and
assess how that can be best met and

most of most efficiently because
as I keep trying to dock and

energy efficiency is the best the cheapest
cleanest source of energy and

in fact it's been the biggest source of
energy expansion in the United States for

the past forty years it's just
that the statistical tables

don't list it as a source of energy
you get coal gas nuclear and

renewables to be efficiency is
to just fuel for the first.

So now to try to characterize some
of what others do and college.

And the school Valerie is has spent a lot
of time focusing on the security of

the grid security of
infrastructures in particular.

And the resilience of systems looking
at the ability to respond to stresses

she's also initiated some interest
in research on energy and

water to water the nexus between
the two you need water to cool your

heating systems your
thermal production and

you need electricity to.

Pump your water clean your water so

she's looking at that then met
a soft who I don't see here.

Dan is looking looking
at firm behavior and

energy use That's what IF is.

Areas of research including
the role of renewables and

efficiency in the clean power plant and

the administration's proposed
modification of the Clean Air Act So

we're looking together working
with the state of Georgia and

then looking at the southeast and the role
of the future of electric power in

the south as it tries to figure out how
to address the clean power plants and

what we've shown for instance is that the
cost of addressing that plan is going to

be higher in the southeast and
it will be for the nation in general so

we've done a lot of modeling to
try to identify the least cost.

Approaches that each state can
take to try to meet the constraint

on its carbon emissions from
existing power plants and

then you Ellie looks at integrated
assessment models to try

to optimize climate policy and
has been along with

me involved in the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change So one of our an issue.

It is to kickoff a five part seminar
seriously you are getting the first

through pretty efficiently and melts meant
that we're going to have five seminars

to talk about the different
dimensions of the I.P.C.C. is.

Masterful report just released that so

many policymakers scientists and
others are trying to figure out.

What it all means for them going forward.

And last is zero.

In their.

Genelle like face and
Jared hates here we have.

Another partnership type of partnership
social systems and structures that shape

policy outcomes one of
the interests of of Janeiro and

carbon markets she's been all over the
world looking at how different cities and

different countries have
been putting a cap and

trade system in place for carbon.

Looking at the financialization
of Environmental Services and

carbon emissions and in general so

I think that's the full sweep
of the School of Public Policy.

So I will turn over to Steve.

OK.

The flow.

Thank you for having me on you all so
much of the school history technology and

society somehow I got sandwiched
between two people who

names at Georgia Tech
are synonymous with the Maryland.

Synonymous with.

But I wanted to point to a couple of
things that go on in our unit that I think

speak to the topic.

And I'll start like others with my own
research I'm a historian and I'm a.

Interested in the dynamics of
industry development across time

I've studied transport railroads and
computing.

And I'm particularly interested in
you know plate clean innovation

regulation on these industrial
development and what I find

is that that sort of work has had many
spillovers in the world of energy so

I mentioned Marilyn did I mention the
first program which is the Eiger training

Grant on nanomaterials in energy storage
and conversion that Alan is very involved

in with colleagues around campus and
chemical bio molecular engineering and

other fields that are looking at materials
development and one of the things

you learn in the world of energy is
that a lot of people have fry and

they're thinking about energy through
a very heavily regulated environment of

utility industry and they haven't had a
long experience of people studying trying

to innovate technologies and small scale
technologies so one of the things we're

doing and that is taking knowledge of how
you commercialize materials innovation

which has been done obviously in places
like computing that I've studied.

And that's some spillover another
thing that I studied it was transport

systems I've written about railroads and
lately I've been writing about roads

on the twentieth century it's very
interesting to me to see the dynamics

of railroads as both carriers of
energy and particularly call and

now a great deal of oil and
soon natural gas and

if you go on the morning as I do you and
I five and look over at the trains

stalled on the North Fork Southern trucks
over there it's very interesting to see

just how much explosive petroleum is
coming right through the center of

some of the city and
I like to make note of that but also

what you see in the transport industry and
the advantage that historians have.

Is is I think we can see change over
time than I am it's over time and

also how things reach conclusions and
so you study that and then I work to see

how we might help people who have
having to live in real time and

to support what might be in front of
them and so seeing the transformations

of the railroads themselves from
coal to other sources of fuel and

what they say is very interesting and

then I've been writing this fall
on global containers ation and

really global shipping and logistics
including land transport and here again

there's a great deal to be learned and
to contribute to the story of energy and

then I have a long time interest
in trying to vehicles and

episodes that we can study of areas of
technology and enterprise it underwent

fairly significant transformation such as
you saw as a show and in the railroads and

the brief history of electric vehicles
that really has given us and then finally.

For years I did run a research program and
researched on the global pulp and

paper industry and you see in there a very
interesting dynamic between energy inputs

and the growth of the of the industry and
also how an industry can be organized

around producing one product would prob
with products and then morph that into

producing their wood products as an energy
source in the in the deep end of life now

I should also underline that my approach
is always to study these things at

the pharma level and to observe
the behavior of firms operating within

the larger context of studies now a second
person and Jenny couldn't be here but

I really want to highlight for
work it's of a different sort but

the phrase energy insecurity really
stimulated her Jenny has just finished

a very nice book on large
engineering projects in Russia.

Pre and post Soviet and looking at how
a lot of things such as building a new

pipeline or building alternative energy
sources might play out on the ground

between the engineering experts on the
population and how the local population.

Might have concepts of security and
in durance that are quite different than

the engineers and she's wants to
highlight this work and here energy

morphs into food production and you see
it in many contexts the relationship

between food production and energy
production has been very closely tied and

when I when we you mentioned water
Marilyn I said to Tom Well it's

also those power plants have a great
deal to do with the water supply and

Jenny is interested in
looking at these things.

On the ground and
her work we don't have a slide for

I've always put this work that she's
doing together with a sociologist in our

department Dr Bill Winters who is looking
at global food crises and food shocks and

how those can't really be understood
apart from energy shocks or

one other name that we might have
up here a quite different direction

is John Krieger's work on
nuclear nonproliferation and

which I think is very relevant Going
back to atoms of those are some

behind lights Yes.

Thank you.

Louis and.

I.

Have been here in Georgia Tech for fifteen
years and I'm a professor in college

during my court apartments in aerospace
engineering mechanical engineering and

you also have time role as serving
as a director of our research and

of our strategic energy that's the role
that I'm talking about today here

is things go backwards but that's OK.

So maybe I'll just say so
I'm half my time I'm a.

Professor and teacher doing stuff in low
emissions combustion primarily what I work

on is how to reduce category pollutants
from burning hydrocarbons and

alternative fuels and I love doing
combustion it's what I've wanted to work

on since I was a little a young person and
I get paid to burn stuff I still

can't believe it but but but so that's
that's what happened I kind of I just want

to talk about what we're trying to do
at the Strategic Energy Institute and

so I'm going to try not to put on too
many administrative speak words but

really the whole idea here is to try to be
a systems integrator and in it together

what's happening in energy at Georgia Tech
and so I know how many of you are familiar

with this whole interdisciplinary research
institute concept that Steve Cross has

been rolling out so as director of
the Strategic Energy Institute i Report

have time to Steve Cross and so
what he's basically done is Matrix doubt

are the research organization at Georgia
Tech so if you think of Georgia Tech as as

as an eight hundred million dollar
a year research organization and

you think about academic units as
the vertical units that kind of

the people in the core knowledge and
you have these interdisciplinary research

institutes which try to cut across and
in and

really manage a strategy and in.

Put together a unified face for
Georgia Tech across a major area so

we have one in energy which which I I'm
the director for we also want to materials

in in Bio Sciences and
life sciences etc So

that's that's the whole idea of these
interdisciplinary research institutes and

really for the Strategic Energy Institute
we really have three goals.

So I mention the system integrator
piece another piece is just

being an advocate for energy on this
campus I think and I think actually

I think we've been pretty successful
that many of the seed grants which have

come to the Ivan Allen college have have
directly flowed out of that is just trying

to just really raise the profile of
energy at Georgia Tech and make this a.

An area worth investing in and showing
that there's that there was a return for

both in terms of actual
dollars flowing in but

also just Georgia Tech living out its
mission is improving the human condition

where we're energy intersects so
strongly with that but

then also Georgia Tech just being if you
think about part of the strategic plan for

Georgia Tech as we want to talk about
what does Georgia Tech think and

so really trying to trying to work
in that in that in energy but

i mission there's really three goals and
so what I want to do here was to quickly

just kind of summarize just kind of
what we're what we're doing kind of give

everyone here a feel for how we might be
able to intersect and how kind of nuts and

bolts the things that we can that we can
that we might be able to help you with and

by the way I would welcome meeting
with any of you want I want I

know this is going to be
kind of a quick time but

my job is to understand what's happening
across energy at Georgia Tech so

I would love to get together
with you individually but.

The So anyway in terms of our our
major goals is one of those is just

building community trying to help people
find each other at Georgia Tech and

so I spend lots of time just meeting
people and connecting people

we have a certain amount of seed funding
that are Institute offers and it's you can

find it it's on our website where we can
we will sponsor and provide support for

four workshops in just convience
both just purely internal things but

also external things where you want
to bring together a group of people.

And so I know that this is something that
I've I've got all these great ideas in

my own research area for
these workshops and so

I just don't feel like putting up
with that hassle of doing it so

we can help with some of that stuff both
from the resource side as well as just

from the logistics side just
bringing people together.

The other one is growing
the resource base so

we spend lots of time just you know we
have wonderful industrial connections and

an atom I sure hope that
we can get a letter for

the nerve of those all from Tom painting
German of Southern Company just so

we have great industrial relationships so
if you need letters of support.

Things like that particular from companies
we can really help out with that.

Also we spent a lot of time just trying to
prep the campus and get us prepared for

large federal solicitations not
individual P.-I type stuff but but

large center scale stuff so right now I
think the most directly relevant activity

that's relevant to this college would
be in a step has these this crisp

proposal and I came in with crisp a stance
for it resilient interdependent and

it has to it has to couple you know
science and technology systems with

economics I know many of you in this room
aren't involved in that proposal and

then also I think another area that I'd
really like to to work with you on and

I've had a number of discussions with
Janet on this is just in the in the in

terms of foundations is that many of
the most important impactful thought

leadership work can really write a
proposal to in a separate deal before that

you that it requires discretionary funding
that you can really only get from.

Foundations and I I would like to emulate
the success that Maryland has more broadly

across campus in energy I think you're
the only one who's been able to tap into

Energy Foundation right and it would
be wonderful for the Energy Foundation

sending us a million dollars a year rather
than a hundred thousand dollars a year.

There's one other thing I was going
to say about resource base and

I forgot what it was anyway
then the last area is so

I'm running through our goals and
what kind of the things that we do so

I mention just trying to build community
connect people going resources other than

the third one is is thought leadership and
so this is the one that just just lands

smack dab bull's eye on this
college because I think we have.

So much breadth and depth in science and
engineering and energy I mean it's just

it's phenomenal anything you say in energy
there's a faculty member probably five

faculty members working on it if you want
to talk about a technical topic or IT or

an engineering topic but
I think it's very clear to me and

in cross totally buys into this idea that
for us to kind of move to the next level

in the energy space is that
we can't just be solving.

Problems that other people oppose we
need to be out there we need to be

framing these complicated problems
just letting people not necessarily

necessarily even proposing a solution but
just giving people a framework for how to

think about how to tackle it and so that
was actually one of the motivations for

the seed funding program that
we rolled out a year and

a half ago which Marilyn and
Adam and several others of you were

which I appreciate you guys responding
to it was was that was this is not what

the that seed funding I've explicitly said
if you're proposing a technical topic so

you can get seed funding for a for some
agency that's not what we want we want you

to come in with that you want
to be framing an issue or

helping do technical road map road
mapping just helping people understand

road maps things like that just basically
to move up a level in terms of the kinds

of questions you would address and I get
another kind of question that I would

that I would like to leave all of you with
is that we intend to roll out another

R A P In March we're starting in June and
I think it's going to be in the same vein.

Of of not looking for.

Technical widget proposals but
looking for economic policy

business thought leadership framing issues
but I think probably what we'll do and

this is what I'd like to get some feedback
from everyone on is probably focusing it

particularly on the around questions
at the interface of physical

energy assets with digital and network
systems so in a smart grid obviously

is is the easiest example to think of
that but also much more broadly G.E.

has this General Electric has this word
industrial Internet that they use.

Increasing intersection of the digital and
physical in terms of pipelines and

railways it cetera et cetera so
I think that's a really promising area and

I'd like to beat the thinking about that
in trying to facilitate getting some more

cross pollination of ideas and
connections across this campus and that.

Space.

One of their eldest throw I haven't
actually talked at all about any

of these slides but

one other area that I'm also interested in
thinking through with you is you know is

this whole idea of how can we put ten
Chile collaborate with Develop some

strategic partnerships in some of these
areas with other Georgian universities.

Because I think that we might
find not massive resources but

I think that we might find that
overall Some can go up this week if

we could define something I think
there might be some other resources

that are out there and
again this just goes to advocating for

energy if we can if we can put together a
good story for how Georgia Tech and U.G.A.

are Georgia Tech and yes you are working
in the space I think so I'd like for

ideas on how to how to
facilitate new stuff like that.

I think of taking up my
ten minute salt I'll stop

there.

I think

that'll.

There's no no.

Sure just going to see it it
is yeah we're opening which.

Is.

Just.

Well I'm.

Going back in history that and
you're going to be on available so

they'll ability.

At another dimension it is the fordable
energy and that's related to.

Because if you don't have access to
the energy say the billion plus.

Citizens of the planet that have
commercial electricity available to them

at at least two and instability so

then there are issues that the environment
as well and that's where I'm a refugee and

the problem of air quality
can lead to instability and

insecurity So those are some of
the dimensions that I have added and

things I've been writing
about another one is there's.

One.

Of the four it's actually a dimension it's
called economic and energy efficiency so

it's a wait it's an internal response
to the external availability or

you're you're in that's real and Dalmane
of energy can be if it's limits it can be

managed by using what
you have I think you.

Know when it.

Was actually coming up.

Understand.

So.

Well you see when.

You.

Start.

So you question whether you use one.

There's is there.

You know.

Right now coal.

We're looking at over many.

Years these men.

And yes and one more on.

What it is that we have.

Which one.

Is.

What it is will be so and the.

Weight.

Of.

What.

So what people.

Want to parse and I research a program
in that area has first been to do

a search of all publications on the word
energy security and i gave me some

some support for this for them and since I
mention and they do a statistical analysis

you characterize how countries fare
on this multidimensional scale and

see if there are some interesting
ways that countries cluster

in their response to that they have
an energy in their conditions so

there's a way you can kind of
test hypotheses to see if there

are common tradeoffs of the dimensions and
I think it's still an emerging field that

it's a great field to be
mean I think it's you know.

Energy security is a much.

You know on.

Each one of our disciplines of mind.

And that's one of the challenges I
think one of the opportunities and

challenges are these just.

Because we all sort of.

You know you mention
are we looking at right

security means different things
even in our human security.

National security.

And so the energy NASA naming about.

It really has been my discipline in all
of those dimensions of security that I've

been and
we generally talk about it in the sort of.

Way.

It's doing reliability.

Happiness pipelines we don't like that.

You know we hear about.

Those are a bit better to
those concepts are different.

States are we.

In our school as well you know
Maryland just mentioned all

these different definitions because it
was mentioned in my remarks countries

are increasingly have
a national energy strategy and

what's fascinating is that
the largest countries somewhere in.

Similar levels of economic development
have very different definitions so

that's another type of.

Right here you must ration but
that really is an opportunity for

us to really embrace.

Just explore because there's something for
everybody.

I spent a weekend doing an energy and
climate study tour in

Germany in Berlin and Potsdam and.

And I was so taken by the tales that
that country is made the commitment that

they've made to clean energy and
they have an agreement across all parties

across that ninety five percent of
the population is supporting this in

our given which has driven
electricity prices up but

is contributing to cleaner consumption and
here we are I'm you know you've got to

conclude that we've put energy stewardship
way down and interview affordability and

reliability way up so
these are reflections of the culture and

social system and not just like
you said it because Germany's.

Got a lot of coal just like we do but
it seems to me.

There's expectations.

For the nation if it's just.

You know just kidding me.

Hey.

With a reasonable expectation.

I think.

She's over famous people
that those people.

She's over spend time with them but she
said the one thing I want you to convey is

that I think I have a different sort of
security than a lot of people on that and

again it's because her you know that
analysis is a person on the ground not a.

Very empowered.

Over their educations and
you know before I.

Don't want to I know you can't say this.

I will I mean I've sat on his.

Academic I free you or me I've now
acknowledge the fact that our colleagues

lost numbers realize that energy is
not something that is binding in

years I mean as you've heard it's the way
countries individuals conceive may

affect the way those markets work the way
that infrastructure gets built except for

All right how it's utilized in
commercial and on earth away so

this is a great space for
those were nominated public.

Relations to really sit at the same
table and have a conversation

how this engineering technology
either by these political or

economic resourceful
motivations consequence.

And so this is not a space that any one
you know quite even though there may be

a big step up very.

Much and I think knowledge
bodies in what they're doing.

So I really urge all of you guys that are
interested in energy to really love your

sleeves because we really have a lot.

On.

The.

Setlist.

I think first question right
if you want to go ahead.

You are.

OK.

But not everyone in the

room.

Think.

It's.

Fun.

And out.

There.

So.

You don.

Yeah.

You know couple weeks ago Janet
was giving her presentation.

One of our projects we're sort of
grappling with some of the same things

we're working with someone.

Companies all the different relationships
that companies have with each other.

For different.

Spaces systems and then.

Because right now in Russia's
relationship with Europe the.

European response of economic sanctions.

But we don't talk about it but
we don't really know what those look like.

Visualization particular
allows us hopefully

to look at what are those relationships
that are going to be most sensitive.

In a certain way or the way we think
about Russian and Russian people.

You know are we back to German.

Merican for.

More so than the Russian So
these visualization tools will be very

useful and sort of how you just
scenarios may be playing out but also

in addition they can also help us
map that landscape we are in Europe

it's very interesting you know we're
reading about this crisis with Russia but

people forget that Europe has
a tremendous amount of surplus but.

It's just not up to date and so one of the
things that may be coming out of this when

you do one of these.

This war may be suggestible
where you want to.

Create financial inducements or loan.

So that companies don't want the market
but they join the market to leap some

of the simplest structures so
that when there is some sort of spite.

Or noncommercial that there may be other
tools at the hands of a policymaker

the new sanctions are very caught up
with the US So visualizations I think

are really important and I know that there
is there are some number of people in

different units I don't think were
represented here that maybe may actually

have something to say about the space
because it's if you know this we will have

to say the surprising thing about
energy and social sciences there is

one area where there's a lot of pain and
we're all social scientists and engineers

probably don't realize we actually
work mostly in numbers not letters.

But what's surprising is we don't have.

That's where some of these.

Some of the things and

what's going on in other parts of
happiness can actually help us

do.

I think we need to we had given some some
forewarning that were they to turn to him

for his advice about how it's directions
and energy and security so that

he had a chance to think that I was going
to pick up that second question I think so

all right so
your question there had to do with.

Hiring what would I have an alibi
strategy around generally.

It would make some parts I think
I guess a couple the Prevention

of Corruption like that
like one of those is that.

Just take a building right you know.

There are several areas in some of
the technology person named technology but

there are several technologies very.

Big a better country I think we have
a whole technology development.

Economics and policy aspect around
those I think really powerful

a simple example of the whole area.

So Eric is working in that space now now.

That all of results are doing that
pipeline I think just the general area.

And also looking to the future of
integrating our physical assets

whether it's a power plant
a pipeline whatever.

Network the left really interesting
area electricity another interesting

one which I mean Matthew and I have been
struggling out of this is just the whole

we have wonderful chemical
engineering here.

Lots of lots of things.

And one of those is an area called
Separate just like this huge area five

percent of energy in the U.S.
by separating basically if.

It's enormously inefficient.

Five quads and.

We have biggest investors
country I'm just giving you so

how can those people get better in.

A way.

Also just more broadly thermal energy and.

Nuclear power plants combined cycle
natural gas fired power plants.

That he is a great we have I think
at last count I think we have seven

faculty expressed that
they are working in solar.

Called science.

And just seeing the growth that you
can in our region have another really

massive hole in.

The way.

So that's one I'm just giving
an example just building on strike

another one I would say regional.

Energy there's no such thing as an
international energy policy or a national

goal it's just such a regional thing based
on resource mix resource availability.

And things like that and so.

We've got to get a claim our
region right which is why I was so

excited with Maryland's.

Power out I'm not sure it's clear
to a lot of people that tech is.

The owner of energy itself and
I think certainly.

International agreements.

With major regional specialization
over something along those lines that.

When I was at the National Laboratory at
Oakridge I always sort of lusted after

being at
the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab or

Livermore Sandia because they were
in a region where there was so

much going on in action and legislatures
that I wanted to hear from you.

But you know we have some interesting
movements afoot in this part

of the southeast right here in the city of
Atlanta we have a sustainability office

that is really got some great initiatives
that are before the city council

in this current session that
could transform the buildings and

in the city of Atlanta not just
the city own buildings but

all are just buildings and we have a state
that's going pretty aggressively towards

attacking the territorial rule that
has been pursued difficult and

allowing solar sites
throughout the state and

it looks as though if that
act passes the act that.

That.

Allows.

Essentially solar sites that not
to be defined as a utility if you

have a you're working with a company like
Solar Cities you can have them come in put

a rooftop a re on and the.

Local utility will be required to
purchase back any excess electricity

all of these things were not possible are
not possible unless this act is passed and

we're seeing a lot of movement and we have
the green tea Alliance who would have

thought it was invented here you know
it created this whole new movement so.

One of the reasons I came to
Georgia Tech fabulous place of course

great Institute and I always admired but
and then didn't go to Stanford or

in my tier someplace because this is
where we can make a difference and

saying to the choir here well the choir
is growing but you know a lot to be.

A great place for
this regional effort to take place.

I believe that I have a talent
under represented right about.

We got.

To go out I mean if you are OK.

And we do have some active
members you know but

proportionately it's it's well but
they're really great.

And really they have their way
worth more than their numbers.

Yeah.

Good point.

I Hank that were right we're at a turning
point our energy economy across the U.S.

and particularly in the southeast which
is the focus of this one project but

people don't understand the importance of
the decisions being made today because of

their long duration and
long duration of their impacts so

some kind of visualisation still for
showing.

A region in the year twenty fifty.

Based on alternative decisions made

over the next few years I
think really compelling.

We could have we could help you with
the data that visualization part

of what would be make a big difference.

This is rather historic and
just a longer route.

So you know a lot of the simulation.

You know I think in building
Bill seen system dynamics but

it works by connecting from the point
of view of the individual and I think.

A tool that would show individuals
you know how their energy costs and.

Maybe their sense of just.

You know is influenced by other factors

you saw what's the factor that
really needs to become an.

Inflammatory statement but
I still think in the United States and

energy is something that people don't have
an understanding of the connection of

our national security or.

And that if it's thought about that

they might have a different
response to the price of gas.

And the movement is on a global scale and

I think on the within Georgia.

This is a deal maybe I shouldn't tell but

that's what we do with those stories so
about about eight years.

I was summoned up to the door to power

asked if I was interested in
writing a history of writing.

For which just goes Fuck leave
the room should know I was

offered that they would buy
out my future in forty years.

And just say you know that person
was some honor from them down.

Because at that point I turned them
down and I thought how could I write

the history of this extraordinarily stodgy
Institute and not but now some of them.

Are.

Bought some stuff and watching this
go through a level of transformation.

And changing fuels and.

It's just been stung to behold me so as
a business astride to watch the rapidity

of change and the institution
that's going on right now if and

again I would be absent a model and
again just.

This chain.

And something brought my
we were trying to design

such a game for the.

More immediate being doubt you'll
be good if you were playing a game

in which you know if you actually saw.

Somebody else you could be calling him out
Who are you have picked and will pick you.

To solve the problem and
we needed to figure out a competition.

Which was to run and.

So there was a real one to actually
bring in the complexity of energy and

environment and looking so that is
released because we can prepare and

understand but when you can tell the
people this is really how the system works

how it went to people and
we are running it in less than one second.

We sum it.

Up and civilian or.

Die Trying.

You've been a size zero.

Up having That is what I love
to call these type of game more.

So they said really if you want to
actually represent the complexities Well

we need to understand the rest of your
chief in the loop person more so.

Inside.

Yes and I feel we're going to

the most restoration with
the biggest likelihood is.

This basically of debate between geology
and markets you know with either going to

be when we talk about energy conflicts
about where's the where are the resources

for what is the market going to fair
in fact are you know the United States

really doesn't have an energy policy
right we we have an energy and

when it comes to foreign policy
there's a residual category.

You know there was a lot of consternation
about even forming the Department of

Energy and you know we have private
companies that are sort of this is of

it's a it's a really that we don't think
strategically about it but what I would

want to do is get people to realize that
there are choices that we can make with

between the geology and the markets
that can affect both of the value of

both of those things and that the kinds of
models that we do are are related to those

things the other thing is that we are when
we are thinking about certain kinds of

constraints few days geology and markets
we also focus on the infrastructure

because I think people don't think that
we think is in the I R sense or if

your fear is oil in the ground well then
that's the option what it's all about or

they're saying if the price goes up
somehow there's going to be a conflict but

those don't bear out and the study of
conflict it's something else and I think

it has more to do with the choices that
our main around the infrastructure and

how the infrastructure constraints those
choices so it's that it's that interaction

and that's where George affect lives and
that's why I think there's a law.

We could be doing.

How.

That is that it wasn't
a moment of understanding.

And it's not only.

About investment that we
are going to stay there.

We thought right now it's not productive
it's what you think are going to be.

The system's going to be there as
natural gas and it's why we're going to

you could have been using those resources.

To understand the cycle which I look for

a war.

Now some of

the stuff.

Except

coming.

Out.

Ily.

Illo.

OK a good topic because they haven't why
we can't let the we need to be done to.

Move location allocation
decisions towards.

Yeah.

But let me say.

You know your credibility.

Problems.

Your knowledge.

About his job.

And about everybody else.

So actually since he changed his mind.

Three more for the moment to vote for
me regulating the Internet doesn't really.

My point with.

The reason why it's not enough it's
probably because you go to war for

people from.

Things like my I'm seeing yourself right.

When you place on no problem and
you know you do.

I'm for office all of them up
close you be in a high risk but

markets them so patient them so
making people hear about it and change.

Little so it's all interconnected here in
the sense that if we give you communicate

I want results better
by the mob saw gains.

Then we might actually get Polak
interest on changing the rules so

that actually eventually
victims say please please but

right now the topic is boring people
coming together well so the point is not

just.

Set economic development try every
once again that's trumping security.

Now.

But if you get one by
somebody there's not.

A pocket to be somebody.

You don't bother to fix and
because we don't know who you know.

Very little you have a little you.

Know what is not in Britain.

So you think that in today's social media
day and age that word could get out and

there could be on the ground boots
you know with placards and and

some publicity.

Surprising there is no jurisdiction.

Yeah yeah.

You know a lot of times when there is
location of the systems where you have

a federal regulatory agency and
the state enforce what the state or spend.

Is signaling and that bill.

And this is going on right now.

Greta which of the.

Bill so
the pipeline a little thing with a.

Regular a smaller size
of the neighborhood and

not nothing just.

Power.

That might be because I stated.

It.

And that same thing is going on with the
railroad right with well right now it's

like with the issues of
the placement of the stuff.

Becoming not in my back
yard on the supports.

Place.

We all seem to be at a moment
when I first got these.

But my neighborhood means they park is so
well organized you can't cut down a tree

without first getting their approval and
going to the city and paying I mean it so

maybe there's something of that community.

Well.

Wired Well I'm glad you know this.

That in fleet part of it you

know.

It's worth what I do think you're seeing I
mean Elegy I think is really fundamentally

changing the way that gas is being
distributed and so I think for

the foreseeable future we're still
going to have regional markets but

what you're have what you're
also seeing is a much more

flexibility between these regional markets
so you know you see the debate over U.S.

Elegy exports and you know what with very
strange about that policy debate is that

it's been ignited about what's going
on in Russia with Russia and Europe but

the reality is when that basket sold that
is export it's going to go to Asia and

then that Asian gas may have a knock
on effects for where other could or

others the liver their natural gas so
if I think on the you

know sort of day to day basis we're
still talking about regional markets at

an elegy still we're going to be you
know I think the projections are twenty

point five percent max and you know what
by twenty fifty or something like that so

they're going to be down hill but
it's going to be very important for

this swing type of activity so I do
see that these things are changing and

I frankly see that while
out into the Cold War

brought it tension to natural gas
delivery as of politics issue it is

a strategic issue I think that that's
going to be less the case at least for

the traditional suppliers that
may have some there may be some

hiccups along the way but I think the real
news it has more to do with Ellen G.

the practice because it's it's allowing
what civility of that infrastructure.

Allow supply wherever it's coming to to
be delivered in different places so that.

Well on the first one I just like to say
they're the course a movement toward

greater participation.

Across decisions on energy and one of the.

Areas that I've been working on the
quitting all Energy Technology Review for

that which is the every several years
the department energy effort question what

should we be funding for research in the
future and areas that they ask me to help

them think through is what kind of
technology forecasting really mapping

what kind of future are approaches and one
of the approaches that I brought to their

attention was crowdsourcing of information
about what people are looking for

and as a way to engage more diverse
points of view we have even crowd funding

of course of technology development going
on so I think in a lot of ways were

already moving in that direction and
it's a lot of.

So Kryten and we should probably mention
him he could have easily been up here

alone with the rest of us is to
have the book buyers Institute of

Sustainable Systems I thought
of work to try to help model.

Different points of view
based on having surveyed and

collected data on what the different
types of public opinions are out there so

there is some going on it just
think the I have an L and

colleagues could be doing much more in
this field so it's really right for.

Your investment maybe even for
a little seed funding.

So thank you for that so as it.

Has nothing to do with your from the way.

I'm going to reason right now.

But it will be ready for.

Release that is.

What you describe.

From that form.

Of politically in the first
topic that I've worked on.

That it's a very difficult
topic because very.

Close.

I mean.

If.

I'm.

Tired you know this because
when you see a light pole out.

I don't know.

But I think.

So.

And so from the same.

About.

Practical things but first I would.

Say that Vox but
that's much different than actually.

If.

But this culture sourcing
something different.

Than maybe we should adjourn let
everybody get back to business but

I hope this session gives you
a flavor of what's going on.

Across the college across the campus and
I want to thank all of our panelists

Mary for joining us and thank you Elaine.