Here's a person you go

through as good as yours.

Here's

your this May

two thousand and

three or higher

which is the greater the distance or

whatever.

There is to

your body position.

The fortunes of fat.

Muscle and
the body were a shield that mask a brain

which is usually expressed as a person but
in fact.

Apparently there are a number of ways to
estimate body fat percentage in general

population.

However there's currently available and

those with the let's see moment to
examine why decision is important in case

I like to give you the facts
from the study the subject was

using the gold standard edition
as are two separate occasions.

Once in two thousand and
one in two thousand from an initial look

at the B.M.I. and we can see that this
person was categorized as healthy and

low points in time despite over eight
kilograms weight or so the year

further percentage can see
that over the course of

the year they went from a healthy category
of body fat percentage to be status.

Not only this but they have gained
a considerable amount of fat mass

they've actually doubled their value and
lost about eighty percent on

this example demonstrates
that while B.M.I.

is a fast assessment of this B.M.I.
snapshot can be misleading.

Especially when you take into account
the considerable amount of weight.

That is not present to the patient.

We have about the size the field.

Never is going to estimate body position
under estimate now compared to laboratory

based measures for persons specifically we

have to assess the every see a skinful
biological circumferences in body and.

Compared to doall and X. rays chemistry or
that persons of the nation.

Additionally want to know does the use
of the symbol circumference have value

is an invitation.

Here's a snapshot of my subjects as
you can see there were eight subjects

they were evenly distributed by
gender meaning age was forty one with

a range of twenty five years old to sixty
years the mean weight was in the one

hundred seventy six centimeters and
the six individuals who had transferred

to individuals who transferred and
as you can see from ethnicity and

subjects are very first
I'd like to look you

show you do energy actually research and

I'm free to all energy answers are three
is the gold standard position and

it is used in our study as
a pretty serious matter.

Every subject was given and

all the answers were compared
to the data from this

was conducted with the filters
that you can see here

using the symbols measures.

Sequentially pinch seven
areas of the body.

To measure some fat and three times and

average and
then utilize those measures measures

into a generalized equation to
estimate a subject that present.

A is a virtually no body as Or

is this not or
can be influenced by number of factors for

instance body temperature
skin temperature this.

Previous studies previous capsules and
specifically it was found to be any

demonstrated the tendency to
underestimate by percentage and patients

necks and with their circumferences this
measure used three circumstances which for

the end of the subjects age sets as
demonstrated in my picture letters and

I'm older males we use
the former are the weights and

the hips are covered in
females we use the weights and

the calf almost hers were down unaffected.

And this method tends to show
populations of the city specifically

and it's also important to know the senior

later used to be in excuses
they have circumference.

They just discuss and also the subjects
to calculate the percentage of body that

measures are easily obtained and
the equation you see below was utilized to

kill five percent moving into marriage and

like to this graph first on the X.
axis you will see this and

Y. axis you see the body now percentage
in each eye is representative of.

It's got to say this on
the side you can see

is actually represented
among the subjects.

I just want to keep in mind that all
the other grassroots all this for

me and the grass is for
computers and the other measures.

First I look for cool incidences
you can see as a general trend

first looking at only looking at it
if you can see the general trend and

I did underestimate by fat
percentage in our subjects.

There was a mean difference of negative
seven percent of the standard deviation of

two point five that just
listening to them point zero five

was done using a repeated measures and
in addition that's

a correlation point for less than zero

next looking at I.B.M. I see and
this is you can see there is a very

some subjects were underestimated and
other subjects were overestimated.

And we found that there was a mean
difference of negative six point

one percent plus or
minus two point zero standard deviation.

There was such a simple significance at

point zero five as well as
the relation between them.

So many of us to the point seven four and

again that was just
listen if you value them.

It was already here.

Moving onto circumferences again to
Paris her followers you can see some

subjects body fat percentage was
underestimated and other subjects percent.

Overestimated.

And although we found
the mean different city.

The closest of all the measures
that we perform there was no

statistical significance again which
probably be explained by the fact that

it's underestimated in some subjects and
over SE other subjects that

one correlation with point six nine.

But again that was also just and
I have to apologize because I know

you're very can see the little triangle.

I could just elaborate to underestimate
that percentage minus eight

percent on the list to be statistically
significant to be valueless and

point zero five as well as a correlation
that was significant with the less

than point zero five from this graph and
just why do you believe

the variability measures particularly
if you paid attention to subject.

Everyone and subject number four

in subject number one there isn't
a very big deal of variability.

It's about ten percent between
the highest and most measure.

There isn't such a number for
there's greater than

twenty percent variability in the last
measure compared to the highest measure

going back to my hypothesis
period to show polls as well as

somebody asked me and
I do significantly differ from that.

So in conclusion the.

Consistently underestimated by
a simple circumference pressure for

your initial evaluation
of patients direction

years after

that research your.

First.

Yes to be underestimated.

But they were statistically

for any difference.

And so there was a significant difference

in your personal use the better
be accurate be precise and

be debated among various people but
I think

what if you can figure out
what difference there.

Differences present difference.

And you can use that.

To calculate around one time
where your subjects are at

your current

your same so

you look at this

coming up for
you are rooms that we can find.

So this kind of gives you
a snapshot of all measures and

where different people are different
in particular subject number four

circumference measure greatly
overestimated the body fat.

So you would go by looking

at the black square and
the criterion period to be preserved and

circumference is over estimated and
subject number to subject number four and

he knows it because that is just four

years consistently skinfold
underestimated by percent.

And it was very subject one hundred
percent under estimated reasons and

to Congress in subjects.

There were three and
five it was underestimated and

subjects time six was interested as well.

Interesting in the body and

Pasadena actually correctly identified
that person's body and their.

Well I can speculate that's
number two in the percentage but

it is considerably lower compared to
the rest of the subjects that were

tested I can tell you something to do
that by five percent thirteen percent

dependent upon there's different
assumptions that are made.

So something's use it.

Three three mess.

Where is it to them for us

to fascists and
by the assumptions made and

the types of occupations that we
use to establish these measures we

are going to get
differences within Europe.