It is my place to introduce mean that's released time liked or serious for this spring two thousand and nine semester. The semester we are extending our lecture series from previous same or last semester which is nature in the sign we have a great attendance and not only was it. We have a great interest in the topic but also we found the need to extend the series to percent more perspectives related to the topic. Last semester we learned you know how nature is an inspiration for the sign. We also learn how to the sign in not to real systems. Products Myspace is based on mathematical models. We also look at how to this time for the human we made a special emphasis on focusing on these signing medical surgical devices these semester were aimed to concentrate on other perspectives. For example tonight thought Starner unclean Siegler will share with us their thoughts on work on how to the not to rule interfaces within the technological rearm later we're going to him by. Michael Souder and then trying to basically sign or who will share with us a how to sign sustainable communication systems and lastly two words the end of the semester Iraq the more Professor North Carolina State University will share with us how to this time not to rule spaces on enablers of cultural behaviors. So before we start to the selector I would like to introduce were to lectors on my left. I have thought Starner. He is associate professor at our institution. He is founder and director of the contextual computing group at the College of computing. Before joining the Georgia Tech five thousand nine hundred ninety nine he. International recognition at the MIT Media Lab are Terry doing his doctoral Warrick with us on the title of wearable computing and contextual it were in this. He's an advocate of continuous everyday use this term and he has one of his costume made computer nine hundred ninety three he has one and he has an impressive global recognition in one nine hundred ninety nine he was named one affecting knowledge his review one hundred individuals under thirty five who exemplifies the spirit of innovation. That has been a keynote speaker and distinguished electorate at a wide range of scientific industrial and economic events including a conference for advances in computer entertainment prison terms this thing which like to improve facing computing in the international international conference on robotics and automation the Fashion Institute of Technology is faculty complications just to mention a few His work has been discussed in national and international public forums including C.B.S. sixty minutes and forty eight hours. The New York Times New Scientist A.B.C.'s Nightline and World News Tonight with Peter Jennings the London in the pan then the Bangkok Post C.N.N. B.B.C. they Wall Street something else was going pretty well yes he has also the most traded he sayd to numerous industries rendered from Mary Lynch A.B.M. Motorola outstanding performance. So a clean single and all manner of right. Industrial design instructor at our institute has been working with thought for the past years clean fortune the foundation of a scalar education first at Georgia Tech Institute of Technology. Where he graduated in two thousand and four with a bachelor's of science beginning that's true. This time so he said we're all human and so on. Often minor in textile manufacturing he follow his success in Atlanta with a stretch in Italy earning a master's degree from Damas I kenna me in Milan in two thousand and five clean has been all he's no harm and laments along with the skills he learned in academia to become an icon of Atlantis fashion. He's the founder and creative director of pecan pie couture business which has been founded in two thousand and six. So he's seen spirit based on his route routine since creating County correct. He has also organized a sign exhibit in locals museum such just Moda he has curated fashion shows including bake with love feature in the Atlanta Journal Constitution and I believe claimed will share with us. A He's up high. I mean exhibit some information about he's kept it so in addition to his clothing and publishing in their worst clean also teaches courses in wearables these signs. You know this is how we claim to let her tonight because they have merged a fashionista and wearable computer skills and today they will share with you know the special challenges on the signing technology for human mobility interaction. They will present exam points of the sign in both the warranting Knology by looking at cases studies from a collaborative course wearable these signs Maupassant you could do computing So it's really fun fun it's a fun course on be have amazing examples I hope you will enjoy it as much as I do. Before we proceed with the lecture please turn off your cell phones or put them in silent us I scored to see let me remind you that almost every Wednesday we have lectures that these are the. Sorry I'm on your in find it. Please take the college if I could take two websites for topics and lectures enjoyed the lecture please let's welcome phatic cleaned up. Plus. Can you hear me is my microphone working. OK I'd like it. So she gave our introduction so we don't have to introduce ourself. This is one of those going on says you so so I saw you from my class before or from the classic line I teach in the US in the fall. You guys already know what the trick is so you're off the hook but everybody else. Remember this number four billion forty three million eight hundred thousand eight hundred sixteen. You will be tested on it later. I'm not kidding. Really. OK everybody got it just thinks I'm not serious. OK you don't have to memorize it you just have to you just have to be able to recall it right. So if you want to. So whatever you want to do every need to do to remember this number. OK. Every set. OK so you need it again. No. So when we teach our course and through through TADS research department and the things that he works on we've noticed that there's three main things that you have to work on or think about when you're designing something that's worn on the body especially when you're dealing with interfaces. So we're going to talk about those three made three main things and bring up examples of those in our discussion. The first is multitasking when you're wearing something on your body that you or you want to use we multitask so we're walking and typing or where walking and trying to watch a youtube video on our new i Phone or we're driving. And texting. So really. The some people day. So the one of the first big three is multitasking so we have that like here that there was play back. That's on that user You Tube in a lot of talk. I'm sorry I didn't know that was and that it was blurred. That's true. So that kind of shows the example of when your when you're using a mobile device your attention span and especially if you're interested in what you're doing gets drawn away from the other tasks that you're doing so how do we create things or I'm fixin to go into ice researching areas in time. Some people do multitasking one of our projects from last the master was the second one. One of our projects from last semester was actually a research project on texting while driving and I'm going to kind of talk through this while it's going. But what they did was they. They got this fancy poorish that who in our college and supporters at ten are Christians and this is the our entry to the urban grand challenge than a Thomas vehicle when well we're not using it for user studies. So it has it's a Porsche Cayenne with seventy five thousand dollars worth of equipment on it that we used to research texting while driving. So these people who are driving the car actually texting while they're driving and it's recording through G.P.S. the track of the car and observation the person in the car. How many times they look up and how many times they look down. And what what we found out through this research is that actually in the beginning of the project they had a researcher assistant in a car watching to make sure they didn't run into anything. And so they would say watch out. There's a pole watch out. There's a stop sign. Watch out. We're fixing a turn and so what happened is the people stopped even looking and we just listened to the other person and drive according to the other person and also this is a close track and it's something that they drive on that. They could practice. So this is showing the findings about how bad it was but we couldn't really see how bad it was. There were just some statistics published from a research project in England and in England in the U.K. and this is this is pretty interesting. Increased reaction times the amount of time it took you to react to something in the environment while you're driving. If you smoked. Marijuana your increased reaction time went up twenty five percent if you were drunk on alcohol over the legal limit your increased reaction time went up thirty two percent. And if you were texting while you were driving your increased reaction time without ninety five percent. So you could smoke weed and drink alcohol and still drive better then as if you were texting. So this is I should mention that this is this public spread these are all researchers doing this we're going to be going subjects' this spring. We've actually had to change the course. Because people are so bad at driving right. We have to obstacles once a curb once a telephone pole. We're really worried about killing our Porsche. So what this shows is that the interface that you use in the mobile devices that we carry around on our body actually really affects how we can multitask between different tasks so. Go back. Finally on another project which kind of answered some of this these issues on multitasking was a project called where you why. And the reason and I'll go into playing that the reason why it was so exciting for us me and that was that it was a growth people multitasking and face. It was really about fashion. So what this is is conductive thread embroidery on a piece of cloth that reads the resistance. This is resistive right there reads the resistive change and when you place your hand over the conductive thread and so it actually cancels the call when you rub your hand over the embroidery and we had industrial designers working on this project and computer science students working on this project and we actually had Nick Komarr helps out with some of the sewing so it's a very collaborative project between our two departments fashionistas and so we activated. So it activated the the recognition by swiping that person and then picked which which button. Now what's interesting about this which they don't really go into on the video is as I'm as I'm grabbing if this was an embroidery on my sleeve or on my arm and I was walking down the street as I'm grabbing it if I don't if I don't activate it in a certain specific way then it doesn't turn on so as I grab it. I can feel the embroidery patterns and know where my hand is so it's a grope a ball interface. Whereas when you're texting you have to look at your hand hitting the buttons hitting the keys. So I can I can touch it feel where all the embroidery is because it's tactile and then interact with it and hit exactly where I need to without having to look at it. Which is helpful. Like if you're driving for instance and you want to. Board speed dial somebody. So if you if you are sitting take your courses while we ask for videos of what you're doing so we can show it. So in the design you see there's there's two interactions there one interaction is. The person making a call through speed dial which is a very specific ordered type of interaction with the object the other interaction is a response to stimuli so. So a cell phone ring. So you don't really need something so specific first cell phone ring to accept or deny because you can swipe and it sees it in a certain order and that's all you need because you're responding to a stimuli and you wouldn't be doing that at the same time somebody calling you necessarily that makes sense if I'm not making sense. I mean tell me. About so the thing I'm heading on right now this is a test pattern so the question is if your point of these best of them turns your mates me that is that. So how do you actually best make these touch sensitive areas on the fabric with these conductive threads and so that is a lot of different set of test patterns they tried using different connections between the two threads for resistive sensing and the final one actually and this is this finger design we have the threads sort of saying up like this and that seem to work very well OK. OK So the next the next if the big three is bad with so you have to think about multitasking you also have to think about it so with bandwidth Well the question is how fast can you get information to your computer or out of your computer. How many of you do S.M.S. right so most of you years ten years ago nobody did this at least not in the US. You're very bright. So how many of you actually have a keyboard like this one. OK how do you a keyboard like OK now all of the people keep your hands up. How many with keyboards like this. Do your email on it. OK How many of you with keywords like this. Do your do S.M.S. on it. Right. OK now that you have keep it looks like this. OK How many of you Do you email and maybe do S.M.S. not so emails he rest of that is actually me or plant. I think it's clear blame him all the time. It's very convenient what happens we do across the parliaments I can blame him blame me and you know it's nobody's fault. I mean if you have a keeper looks like this. You guys have seventy three cell phones don't you. I mean if you do email on that on this type of keyboard that they have made us a message. Yeah. So one of things you find out is the. That you know nobody really likes to e-mail in the face. Why because a ban with this is not good enough. You can't type fast enough. It's very frustrating to actually write a document. Using a sword ducking using multi-site your team nine on something like this. This is a little better. It turns out it's not as good as this this we don't think so. We're trying to do some experiments on that right now but people do this tends to just use e-mail and that's and that's because e-mail is good enough. It's fast enough for them. So the question is how fast you really type on this question for the audience. How many of you know how fast you think you can type so I'll take front front row here how fast you can you can type how worth from it hailed modest how many people think in one hundred words committer better. OK nerds. How many. I mean do you think you do eighty words between eighty one hundred words. Sixty and eighty. Forty and sixty. Right. Twenty and forty. OK and the rest of you don't matter. Join the modern age. OK so what I think we start asking is how fast can you really type on one of these Black Berry style keyboards it turns out pretty fast and so some of the most you said you could do you know if you were a sprinter so turns out that way to people who never types on one of these mini Cordy keywords before they start in the first twenty minutes at thirty three words from it if you hire somebody from a temp agency a few years ago they were average thirty eight words per minute really kind of slow but that's because we're all computer nerds at least here to attack but by the end of say about six seven. Hours of practice are Blackberry users are being pretty users were typing sixty words per minute sixty words per minute is actually ten words permit faster than the highest paid rate in the U.S. government for typing at the highest degree in U.S. government for typing so if you work from it was considered a highly skilled secretary is between seventy and ninety to be to graduate from Katherine Gibbs school you have to be around forty. You know the same thing for a typing class in high school is about sixty hours of practice to go forward from that now. So these people on Blackberries can actually type desk top level speeds. Wow It's pretty amazing. My problem is if you look to see what the typing. It's crap. No it was time of the contact they get eight point five percent error right there. Sacrificing speed for us are fighting accuracy for speed. We also we also did a test on this when people were blind what do I mean by that. So if you've ever been at a high level meeting. So watch the deans of the professor sometime in fact even if you had chance. So I funny because all seeing there was little Blackberries. Underneath the desk. Texting or sending emails and pretending the paying attention. Might be the can't look at their fingers actually look at their accuracy when the typing blind like that. It's about eighty five percent accuracy means every word has an error in it. So I buy it. Another another thing I found out recently I was in Korea and there was actually a student a high school student who does scientific experiment on how best to type blind when I get do I get caught. Texting in class and I do this when I do that when I do this my friends out this is the best one. If you like five it was because of you if you can text while doing this then you are you going to get caught three percent of the time. So let me go back on that one. So one of the other things you see that I'm not actually using a recorder keyboard. I am using a Twitter. And this is a keyboard. That is one hand it's got the same number buttons and all cell phone. Except I can shoot up to one hundred thirty words per minute with one hand really annoy secretaries when I walk up to him say I can type fashion you can with one hand tied behind my back. And also a little mouse on if you came in early you saw me typing on my screen. It's really quite simple you type by pushing a B. C. D. E. F. G. H.. But then you see the red dot over here you hold this down you press this at the same times cording key will according to tar. So do that and that is I that and that is there is a day that and that is K. L. and Opie Q. as a blue and blue are S.-T. U.-P. the X. Y. Z.. So what does that mean is a difference between typing S.M.S. on your twelve button cell phone. And typing for email. For me to make a difference of typing my thesis on a desktop computer and telling my thesis while sitting in a park. I wrote you a fifty page the SIS using it. Now here's an example of the speed difference on the right hand side is a world record for typing on a cell phone. That's inside is Twitter. Right. Knows they're all done here. This is the average multitask person is everything to nine person. You know this is excruciating. Now we kept on telling mobile phone companies. Hey you know what. There's a certain speed you really need to text. You really want your users to text more because you're making twenty cents a message or tense as a message or whatever is these days. But yet for some reason they're resisting the whole Blackberry style keyboard. Until somebody did a user study at one of the major G.S. service providers in the U.S. can't name which one it is. But the they did a study and showed out that the return per user. Depended on how well you can type on the phone. Suddenly the cell phone companies really cared. And that's why you see in the Motorola Q You see all these the Nokia cell phones you see all these phones with this ice on now. But one with me. This is actually older model this is a nurse that goes from a normal flip phone to. A mini qwerty a pretty big layout pretty nice. I brought on some prototypes of the. Other two other cell phone. We're think about doing. I'll try to reattach this and see if I can do better this time too many wires on we're trying to do with the twelve. There is I go from this style design right where I can type. To a style was a flip phone. And then I can use it like T. nine. I will hear what I tap and I flip it back the screen flips and I can type like this. Right and get my seventy words from in my head or three words from it. So I had this around but one of things we really found out is that is that the speed the band with how much information get to the computer and out of the computer really matters active a lot. Now I think the next one is yours and yes. OK access time. What was that number. You don't count by five. OK How many of you just memorized it nerds. How many of you write down your hand. Raise your hand high. So you see my hand here. That's why we're not working. Earlier. It's got writing on it. I mean. So we got one. I mean people wrote down on paper. And I put. In your phone one. How do you have phones. And one person put in their phone and we go to P.T.A. or anything else that you like a laptop that's worth it. How many of you put in your laptop or P.T.A. a couple. Why. Thing all this effort to carry on your phone your P.T.A. and yet when it came to everything and to remembering a number. OK it is a good question. How much takes a lot of OK so back keyboards. How many of you wrote on paper but actually have a cell phone with you. Right. Yeah that's a lot of people who had have cell phones. So you went for a faster mechanism. So it's good for them. So one of the things we did is we got very interesting is that again going back to the fact meeting. My first faculty meeting at Georgia Tech they were asking you know when can we have the next factory meeting right. This is the end of the it is the end of the day. They're saying Can Can anybody generate twenty seconds. And I want to could say yes I can. Everybody else couldn't. And I knew I mean this is C.E.O. see college computing factory right. They have P.C.'s in their pockets they have these smartphones in our pockets and yet I didn't want to could say yes I can make it and I was wondering why is that. Why can't these other professors tell say what their schedule is. And so you know Are they lazy. Well yes but. We don't tell you guys that I mean is there something else in the synchronization issue. So we decided to study being good people inside of a study. And we took one hundred thirty eight subjects for the student center and we walked in and we said you know what. How do you schedule appointments when you're mobile. If you will said you know I write on pen and pay. I set myself an e-mail. I have my P.T.A. I have my day planner and what we did is we asked them after filling out the form and what they use and how much they like it that sort of thing we actually then scheduled a meeting with them later on but if you take the whole thing you know both how they're using it and this device itself and what we found out. Is that seventy two percent of the people who said they used a day planner didn't. We actually had an appointment with them about fifty percent of people who said they use a P.T.A. didn't. What they did instead is they use scrap paper memory and if you actually time people will look back at the video we timed how long it takes fuel to do these different actions it turns out it's the same out time to scrap paper to write down that number that I gave you as it does to use your day planner your P.S.A.. They'll take about thirty seconds. The difference is it's much faster to access the pen and paper. Because you have to get past the bridge. You know right here to get into your pocket when you're sitting down the pull out the cell phone to turn it up and get to the right page. Unless I'm stuff with a with scrap paper. You just grab it with a pen you start writing with any of the right more if the right January twenty second five pm as opposed to going to the page. So you don't saving time with scrap paper mache actually lose it. When most people do but you scrap paper memory is they'll go back after making the appointment with you and then they'll type into email or the typing in their P.T.A. afterwards. So actually take twice as much time as they should. Sometimes three times as much time. And so access time turns up be a very big issue with these devices. If you want to talk about simple. Yeah I'll talk about symbol so. U.P.S. devised this. Well did you work on this project who worked on this. Symbol symbol. Company So U.B.S. worked with the company symbol and they created these. When boxes come in the U.P.S. they have these bar codes on them. Right. So the old process was the box would come down and there'd be a there be a pile of boxes and so for the box to be read to be put on the right conveyor belt that went to the specific place they'd have to pick up the box set it on the table pick up the scanner scan the box then put down the scanner then take the box and then put it on the correct conveyor belt. All right so what symbol did was like well we're just going to put the scanner on your finger so you can. So if it's down here you can when you reach down you can scan it you can pick up the box and you can put it on the right conveyor belt. So it all happens in one motion right. So they're awesome we figured it out. But boxes fall off these conveyor belts and conveniently now. They're the people who are lifting and moving the boxes have a shield on their arm. Which also happens to be the computer and reads all the stuff right. So so now when the boxes started falling they would use their arm as a shield against the boxes following so then they had to go back to the design drawing board and say OK we can't use what plastic Are they starting with I don't they. Yeah they move from one plastic to another plastic and then that started wearing away on the finger when it brushed against the box to lift this this thing is on your arm right and U.P.S. truck with very big wooden crates. So as you go into the crate you scrape along the crate with this armored arm now and it's nice that I soften abs plastic. Preceded on the motherboard. So finally they got all that figured out and the. People who went through the first user study I can remember how long it was but the people who went through the first user study were in love with this new computer gadget that they had and it took them so much less time. So everybody thought wow. We've solved the problem and they gave the same computers to another set of U.P.S. workers and the other set of U.P.S. workers on on the new fangled thing. I'm going to stick with my trusty laser gun. I should actually know what they said as we don't like they just gave it to the new employees U.B.S. employees change out the temper ploys you know and say in that job for six months. So given these new wearable computers right and the they hate it. I'm absolutely hated them why and I have an idea why why would one group of users love it. Another group of users you used to make the system they loved it for the ones the new employees they hate it. Why the growth of the group who would love to the ones who you use to help make the system the first place. They are is six months experience standard standard standard users but they went through the iterations back there. Exactly. They didn't know how the old system was so what they did that is and never the new recruit would come in they did use the old system for them for the first two weeks and then say hey we have this brand new wearable computer that you should try course it's you know two years old at this point and they try it on of course they didn't love it. Well the other things that Clint didn't mention that we should sit here right. And I do this but yeah well their original model. This might be one of the more original what no this is a new one. There is no model had all this because there had all this attack. All of this. Fabric was attached to the computer. So I'm working in like the hot U.P.S. warehouse lifting all these boxes for six hours for my shift and then I relieve myself and the other person comes in and they put this on and it's like you know it's like nasty right. Dusty sweaty nasty so then they figured out OK well we're going to have to make everyone have their own underneath part and the top part gets attached to it so that was another part of the design. Iteration process that helped people like the new one in this system. And I think I should mention is this you know for you know people sweat how people sweat and all these other things that you know put on somebody's forearm it becomes body armor all that cost Cymbalta five billion dollars. I wish they just asked me they could pay me the five million dollars But what happens. It's been almost a money making this product and now they sold as it was in like the first five years or so one hundred thousand of them at a cost of five thousand dollars apiece. You do the math. And they say that's not actually the reason we did it. The reason they did it is it's a unique product that only they have for that grabbing bar codes. And they've been able to use that to actually force their way into other markets for example through the Fox Theater. Sometimes you'll see people wearing these things I don't know if that's a test of more if they're doing it for real now but they found out that by selling this device they can sell people all the computers and software that does all that tracking. So likely will say before before we go on to the current and future work that some of those issues sweating he stuff like that we didn't really touch on we don't like the main three things that you would for interfaces that you would. About to make and. An object or piece of wearable design viable for the marketplace in the class that we talk about we talk about heat sinking like how much how much battery you have to have how much heat object gives off wear on the body. You can wear something. We go into networking we go into privacy issues and all the interface issues that add that has that has is his camera blocked with a piece of tape on is on a laptop. Because. He's afraid people are going to hack in and seems that obviously issues of privacy issues are privacy issues are very people don't think about it but they're very important in a microphone and speaker can be a microphone. You know that's one thing I used to have people when I started wearing where computers and. Back in ninety three people always used to think there's a camera camera and likely no it's not a camera. I'm just this is how I take notes. Right. This is computers play. People still be upset you know why taking notes in this conversation because I want to remember it. Well can't believe that the track. You know well how do I trust you. Why can't you just have a microphone and be recording this conversation I said well how do I know you're not recording this conversation. What do you mean you have a cell phone. Don't you. It's got microphone my fact. How do you know the cell phone company is not recording the conversation is a three digit number they punch punch to your cell phone and they can turn on the microphone matter of fact forty percent of you in this audience I can turn on your microphone without you realizing it. You're all bugged. OK. So this talk about some current work is a quick thing. So last Meister for starting wearable computing people said. I want to talk to my computer then once I actually made a system where you could talk to your computer and it always want to get my computer so right now we're working on ways to actually do mobile wearable brain computer interfaces. This is your part of your brain. This is your. I can't show it on here. Thank you so on the left hand side which I tried guess I'm saying left hand side you can see that here your hand a lot of that your brains that has your hand your lips tongue the source think that's for your sensing for your motor control so on this side can see it here. And what we're looking at now is actually trying to recognize the natural language from brain signals. You know how do we do that. Well if you think about speech right. You're actually manipulating your lips and your tongue and your mouth your larynx and if you could scan your brain in a small enough area you could actually watch different parts of your brain activate and actually hear. Promises not big enough area. If you actually scan. However Siling which is a much much bigger movement that you can measure of your hands. So what we're doing is we're actually trying to recognize sign language which involves the shoulders and hands and lips and face and trunk from from F. M.R.I. So the idea. You can see this very well I'm afraid the idea is that if I have somebody who's locked in the visual to the first replication to somebody who's paralyzed. If you a little Gehrig's disease called Eight of us who are paralyzed you're trying to communicate with them. There's nothing wrong with their brains but they can't move. They can't speak the can't blink their eyes but you can hook these scanners up to their heads and what we hope to do is be able to see the activation from Bedford says chair. If you want to go to bed. You will go to your chair and then they think chair right that's sign for chair the sign for bed at turns out that just thinking about the activation. Also just think about doing the sign also activates these regions of the brain are you hot or cold hot versus cold right now I should have region here versus two regions here are you OK. Are you in pain pain. Those two regions. So now for the first time in public form. This is actual results. So this is real signing this is bad versus for Estell this part reason the brain. This is the chair vs the rest is a chair minus bed. I actually forgot which sign you're signing or trying to push that you're actually stopping by looking by doing F. M.R.I. scan of your head no question is can I do it. We're just imagining something. The answer is it seems that yes this is the same sort of diagram we have coach with a cold versus hot and this is one subtracted from the other at Looks like we can actually pick up which sign you're thinking of an experiment we're trying to do. So. And a project that means that are working on together and proposing a grant for our fabric interfaces. This is just some nifty stuff that's out there right now and then we can look at like taking normal interfaces like people would use like an i Pod and then translating it into an embroidery so that you could use it on cloth and we're actually creating. The idea is to create a swatch book so that designers and fashion designers don't have to come up with this themselves so that we have a swatch book of fabric of interfaces that actually work and have data tested. So here you see some resistive points conductive zipper that we've been talking about making a linear slide out. So you could control volume or you can control contrast on your screen or something like that but in snaps. And then one of Dad's researchers is working on a shock display and say idea there is you can actually cross stitch electrodes in this that conductive fabric I was passing around the conductor Fred thread is actually going off. You can do high voltage electricity through it and instead of doing the vibrations you can actually do a little shocks it feels like vibrations to the skin. So the idea is to actually make small tactile display on your wrist watch and said OK So we have about fifty fifty minutes from discussion. Yes and if people could pass if that was the toys. That by about thirty we were like they were around seventy cost of I actually do out seven as well. I do lots of shots I carry boards such that I can type two buttons it comes out with a tire word top. So yeah it turns out you can type learn to type on Twitter. Sure they can learn to type on a desktop. You don't know desktop or metrics like three times faster to get the same speed. So that's one question in my classes which people would you use for say one that topper child or I should say one Blackberry provide Do you want to make already pretty wide whether it's unclear whether it seems fast or you can do it while you're blind but he didn't mention is I told you how bad he would type what he can't see it turns out Twitter users improve when they can't see the keyboard you something about the coupling of seeing errors on the screen and that messing you up versus just typing away. Some people actually get slightly faster and slightly less errors with Twitter when they're when they're when they can't see it. Don't ask me why Same question. OK next hour. Those prototypes on the S.L.A. machine are in architecture not in architecture in Cancun engineering. We also have a functional deposition machine. So the dimension three D. printers that's how we do prototypes now those projects are about five years old now we can do abs plastically later down and for those who don't know in C.S. there's new this new device. Sorry this new threads to choose to update threads your undergraduate degree. One of there is the vices. We get here hands on the three D. printer the laser cutter the vacuum form the surface mount soldering station all that type of stuff and we try to teach the computer science students not to be afraid of hardware. So you guess you could make prototypes like that they have a pretty sweet vacuum former now not only use that much though you guys you guys architecture has some pretty sweet machines to those of from Could I'm trying to put this stuff together as a base and we have some really big C.N.C. mills. I want to be able to go from there. To jet engines and C.S. really freaks out you know other computer science professors when they come in to shove the jet engine they go you know the questions. Yeah OK who would stand up over here. Look deeply into my eyes and light up for you. OK you're getting sleepy you're going to go here. So what do you say the screen of the presentation. Yep again. So one of the professors here now used to be with me at grad school and this back in one thousand nine hundred first put the system on and they said she was a bit more to me when talk to me I realized this to one night my machine was broken. Right. I had on the lab because I was fixing that I ran into her on the subway and she said that I'm so glad to see you without the machine I just don't think I can talk to you with the machine on why not because I don't know if you're actually talking to me or reading your email I said watch my eyes see that that's me reading my email. This is me talking to you. It's very easy to tell. Well then why do you wear the machine because you talk to me you're saying something interesting I want to take notes. So I actually remember for next time and use it in my daily life while you think what I'm saying is so important that you take notes and it's like yeah you know scientists I get most of my education not from classes but from holy conversations especially the follow on you go in your education and then it's just all great and then you could then she talked to me right. Then two weeks later. She was talking about her Ph D. thesis with me. And I was taking notes and she said I'm giving you really good stuff. It is my pizza so I should take notes. Well because you said the same thing last week you know really angry about this why did you let me keep on talking right now because as a researcher you say the same thing over and over again trying to explain to people and every time you say something different. Someone does hear how you can explain this time so I better understanding that was OK again we're still friends just don't tell. I tell that story. OK Yeah back then. Yes. It's gone better and better. What you do we have two types of threads we used in the Sheens ones of top three ones about the bobbin thread. The bottom the bottom or bobbin thread is actually much more conductive it's Bush sticker. When you do that. So the line actually is pretty good spout ten ohms prevents your sorry temper foot and one of the problems that we just ran into is actually how conductive fabrics are because not many people know this but especially man made a synthetic fibers that should be very inflated have a special finish put on them to make them more conducted and trap more water so you don't shock yourself all the time when you grab the door handle. That's why I like really cheap acrylic sweaters you shock yourself all the time but like a more expensive acrylic sweater. You've done it has that finish on there that makes the fabric more conductive Well when you're trying to isolate conductivity over a specific the line. Makes a really complicated when you've got these finishes on there. So you have to go and find it funny but you have to find like a natural organic. Cotton or like one of those recycled polyethylene T. shirts or something like that there has like more info to properties. So it's going to be a problem but it's it's not as bad used to be you can actually do some circuits with it these days with a lot of our stuff is done and pretty decent long long runs with the conduct of thread. Also we found out that there's conductive in pads and there's surprisingly conductive So as soon as the most conductive element we know and that's what they have this pen in these pens and you can just draw on a teacher and draw a circuit. It's really cool. We've had good results with screen printing conductive ink and some summer class project include making conductive ink thermo chromic ink stuff so you can actually cook up your T. shirt to a battery and changes colors. It's very neat. We had our last and our last set of project we had a wallpaper that would display what the temperature was where there was cloudy outside so when you woke up in the morning. It would like read it and then activate those lines of conductive ink trace was in this was a resistor circuit but most of time we use capacitive this is about capacitive is that it just senses meat and it really is that anybody ever you know give or go to the elevators to have this conductive but in those buttons on you just put in they don't actually push they just light up. Well that's actually capacitor you get the one side the place the but in the other side the place the ground. We touch it. You basically change the capacitance and cause the elevator to you when you do the same thing with conductive think on T. shirt to make sure the lights up when you have somebody or you can make electronic where you knew you sketch in conductive ink. I'm condoning graffiti and then as you pass by and I pass by it might light up because I can sense. Capacity some by being there is really cool. We would die yet but we want to. It's very straightforward yet ridding control of a rhythm for dollars. Having controllers all cool. Yeah. Sweet or just cool presto. You should what you should do with your yeah we've done we have quite a protesting lab in my and our space like people our senses around just for playing might be interested in Vince sensors we have been there's there's a bend in the conductor stuff you can do everything from materials to complete systems for you. So come on. Yeah. What you really want to do is talk to Scott Kelly a name by from my class knows the T.S.A. and he can help you more than I can and also if you have projects that you want worked on you can come to our class and say these are some cool projects. OK. OK so I about fifteen grad students were over in T.S.R. be above those we keep the equipment relatively locked up in leisure taking the classes in which case you get access to some stuff is relatively the three D. printer it turns out is actually relatively tame the laser cutter by definition sets things on fire. So we have a bit more restriction on that the C.N.C. mill will cut off your hand if you don't know how to use it so it depends on what you want to do if we think it's cool enough to take the class to you because computing or the art of building intelligent appliances Appiah both those classes have access to the lead prototyping labs and a lot of fun. My section is called wearable designs of the mobile and ubiquitous computing so and that's listed under the C.E.O. a very nice C.E.O. A person can take that and we actually high have Grafton's from architecture from the from mainly C.S. but we also hire undergrads from all over the place some are best undergrads were Mickeys. And so you know if you're if you're undergrad are actually pretty interested in you especially if you're young or if a freshman freshman. OK so a freshman often think they don't have a skills or nobody cares about them. It turns out you know if I get you as a freshman you can soon to be a Ph D. student have you for twelve years. Do you want twelve years how you can do what you can do you can do in twelve years for cool research it turns out that you are you are for your undergraduate research the better it is for us off and hang out the labs learn how to do things sums and when you get to be a senior is listening for us. Unless you have a very specific skill set for example all my students know how to solder and so wish. It's kind of odd. But. I also thought I'd also like to announce currently curating exhibition on handbags. So if you're from the south that would be a pocket book. If you're from the Midwest that would be a purse. At the Museum of design Atlanta and that goes up on February fifth. And I would love for all of you to go by and check it out it's going to show the process of handbag design and then also there's a gallery with handbags from women some notable women around Atlanta like Monica Pearson. And it also has handbags from the movie Sex And The City and stuff like that and it really talks about the. A woman's emotional attachment to her handbag and how she uses her handbag to express who she is as a woman at the Museum of design Atlanta Motor downtown area and to you know the Marriott down the street. One day one.