My name is Michael Chang I'm the deputy
director of the brook Byers Institute for

Sustainable Systems here at Georgia Tech
and I welcome you all for coming and

especially on this beautiful day for
choosing to come inside.

It's just remarkable.

Here we have one and

only one order of business today and
that is to recognize the honorees

that we have appointed Georgia Tech
has appointed Brooke Byers professors.

This is sort of the highest award or

appointment that we can give to
faculty that conduct research or

teach in the field of sustainability if
you were to tack in it's quite an honor

that we have three in our girl
professors associate with that title.

It's also quite remarkable when you
can appoint three professors in

one area it's called a cluster cluster
hire cluster appointment at some point and

there's things that you can do
as a team that you can't do sort

of individual individually and so we look
forward to seeing how these three grow and

interact over the next five ten years and

beyond that very much in our
long long lost years careers.

So.

We are going to recognise them again
at the end of this panel session.

John Crittendon the director of
the brook Byers Institute for

Sustainable Systems will
have a few nice words to say

about our three honorees
as well as our benefactor.

Mr Brooke Byers alumnus of Georgia Tech
and very generous in kind with his gifts.

So he well before we adjourn before

we leave into the reception or
the party part of our event today.

John will say a few words and

we also want to take what some what we
think is will be unique a group picture.

Sort of if used if you watched.

The Oscars you sort of saw how
the the the tweet that went around

the world right there broke the tweet
that broke Twitter was sort of

the the group were going to take sort
of a giant selfie with everybody.

So at the conclusion of the panel.

We're going to sort of set up behind

the screen here and the panel up front
here will turn to face the camera and

the rest of you will will
be in the picture as well.

And so will will put that out and you'll
will be able to see all these beautiful

faces that we can see
from up here as well.

So stay for that.

When we're done.

We will adjourn.

We have the entire run of the upper floor
of the historic Academy of Medicine here.

So we will set up drinks down at the
center and we'll have some sweet treats

down it at this and for you to enjoy
any and I think as you also go out

into the space you'll notice that there
are spaces for having small discussions.

This is going to be a big discussion
here this morning this afternoon and

we told them early on to think of this
is sort of the praecox hail hour and

maybe we should put something other than
water in their bottles to really get

the conversation going.

But.

We're going to think about
this is what would happen.

The kind of conversations they would
have if they met at a cocktail party or

at a coffee shop sort of serendipitously
sort of just collided in the each other.

What would two very high level
professionals talk about in

terms of sustainability
what's on their mind.

What are they thinking right now.

You know so
there's no sort of set agenda today.

There's not it's not.

We're going to look at transportation and
sustainability or water and

sustainability or energy or anything
like that it's all on the board today.

So whatever is important in sort of
we want to begin to see what those

connections going to be.

Hopefully this will just be the start.

Of thousands more discussions
little discussions big discussions

leading to big actions and
big success that's as well.

And if there's things that we can do
to help sort of propagate that or

advance that in some way I hope
you'll let us know as well.

We are going to dispense with lengthy

intros because most of
them to introduce them.

It would require a lengthy
introduction and

I think we use up all of our
time if we can if we did so.

So our moderator will probably just give
a brief discussion but I encourage you.

Everybody's got Google
in their pocket today.

So you know if you're interested.

Look them up and you'll see that
they are every bit as fantastic

as they appear to be today.

The other thing I want to say is that
not many of us have name tags on today.

I think our last reminder to you this
morning said to bring a name tag and

I have them but I even forgot mine for
that as you go out into the space and

enjoy refreshments afterwards I hope
you'll take the time to sort of introduce

yourself to each other and
exchange business cards and greetings and

well wishes and and and all those things
that make for a more hospitable Atlanta.

Finally I want to introduce
sort of our moderator today.

And then she will introduce
the other panels as the other

panelists as that's their
their time comes up.

Diana ribbon Berg she is the C.E.O.
of strategic imperatives.

This is a business sustainable
business consulting firm formally

of New York or still in New York and also
with offices here in the Atlanta area.

Diane is also the author of a new book
called The new corporate facts of life.

And this is a really neat book it's top
talks and has a lot of success stories

about sustainability that business is
a taken a lot of them here in the Atlanta

area a lot of them with folks here on this
panel today sort of the industry folks at

least Diana names names
sort of tells a story and

puts a name to an action and
it's really neat when you start

to see this collection of of work that's
being done here in the Atlanta area.

You realize how how big we could be if we
if we work together a little bit better

courtesy of Novellus everybody
today is everybody who's here today

will leave with a copy of the book Diana's
new book and if you'd like her to sign it.

She'll be at outside signing
as well during the reception.

So I'm courage to take that book and
home and read it and

share it and follow through on it.

Really it's fantastic.

Last thing I'd like to think is this

celebration today is actually courtesy of

a grant through a foundation money

at Georgia Tech that we have that some
monies that were collected in the name of

John Lucia Mo and for those of you that
have been a Georgia Tech for a long time.

You know who John Lucian Mo is he
was at one point the professor and

chair of the School of Civil and
Environmental Engineering became the vice

provost for research became the dean
of engineering became the provost and

win the presidency did
not open up fast enough.

We lost him to Cal Tech and
he was at Cal Tech for about a decade and

now he is the president of the King Abdul
a University of Science and

Technology in Saudi Arabia.

So he's done very well for himself.

When he left Georgia Tech.

There was a fund that was started
on in his name because he was so

instrumental to bring in sixteen
buildings here to Georgia Tech and

we are celebrating sort of his
legacy today as well as starting

a new legacy through these
providers professorships So

with that let me turn over to Diana
remember going she will I get started on

this what we hope to be a very interesting
and unique because our conversation.

Thank you thank you Michel.

And I am delighted to be here.

And as Michael said the the book covers
a lot of different stories around how this

is an industry is rapidly transforming
one of those forces and how it's shaping

the direction we're going in and
I love that people on this panel because

every one of these organizations have
because of pain and research for the book.

So we have folks here from yes.

Coca-Cola Georgia Tech and
novellas and I'm very grateful for

the organizational support and
all areas for your affairs and

again thank you can
develop a sponsor of that.

So let me introduce
freeplay our panelists.

First we have bought a bird
brought from the buyers.

PROFESSOR a professor of mechanical
engineering and leader of the sustainable

design and manufacturing
laboratory here at Georgia Tech.

Right.

All of you try saying Bert Ross but
briers professed to think how well you all

do nothing and
Marilyn Brown a little bit easier.

There also named perfessor and

she is a professor of public policy
at Georgia Tech and a distinguished

visiting visiting scientist at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory and

a member of the board of directors
at the Tennessee Valley Authority.

John Crittendon Hightower chair
Georgia Research Alliance and

eminent scholar professor of civil and
environmental engineering and

the director for
the book buyers Institute for sister.

All systems here in Georgia Tech.

Elsa right man.

As for a fire this professor professor of
chemical and Biomet molecular engineer and

he said that a lot better than I did and
director of the N.S.A. integrated graduate

education and research traineeship program
on nanomaterials for energy storage and

conversion here if you're into
tech She must be very smart and

then our corporate recruits.

To my far left we have John Gardner
who is the vice president and

chief sustainability
Office different VALIS.

Novellas is one of the large
the largest provider of rolled

aluminum products in the world and
they're doing some amazing work there.

I have Steve left in here on my right.

Who is the director for
global sustainability for U.P.S..

And you folks all know U.P.S. you probably
all have family members who work there and

last but
not least we have Bruce Karatz who

is the vice president of environment and
safety at Coca-Cola for freshman's.

North America.

So now that we've have it.

Everyone introduced it I missed anyone.

And let's move on to some questions
as Michael said we really like

this to be an interactive dialogue.

So if one of the says
something interesting and

someone else wants to jump in.

Or ask a question or
pop on to that them please feel free.

Don't wait for me to ask a question.

But let me start out with
the corporate participants first and

ask you what's really hot right
now in sustainability issues.

These could be environmental
issues a social issues but

if you had to just
identify the top three or

four things that are affecting your
organizations and your industries.

What I think the Steve
let me start with you.

U.B.S. very soon I was I would
use the balance to one word.

So the social functions.

Do.

There's financial pressures and
then there's this full

world of balancers a host of opportunities
for us we're in the transportation

logistics business and so natural gas
is one of the opportunities for us.

There's a wealth of natural gas and
we see some opportunities we've

used natural gas for a long time in our
transportation network we have those

little brown trucks we call
them package cars and so for

over a decade we use compressed
natural gas on a limited basis

to to move some of our packages about
a thousand vehicles in the U.S. And

we've also use propane in Canada probably
means better in Canada than it has been

in the U.S. but most recently we've
we've gone to liquid natural gas.

So there's an abundance of natural gas.

If you talk to the want companies
there's hundreds of years of natural gas

within the domain of the of us.

If you can get your hands
on it you can manage it.

It's very cost effective cheaper
than conventional gasoline and

diesel the emissions are better and and

so you're seizing the moment you
are purchasing liquid natural gas.

You can put it on the road you
can go from point A to Point B.

We have routes that move about
six hundred miles a day and so

we're putting thousands of trucks
on the road with natural gas.

So it's a balance and sustainability
between fire metal social and

economic and so that's one of many
opportunities where it's a sustainability

opportunity where those three
parents of sustainability have

a balance that looks right and
so we're moving forward.

So that's one avenue many

that we are as we are moving
forward in a leadership position.

It's very difficult to do these things and
for energy security reasons from my.

The reasons for economic reasons
you know we thank you for it.

What about a Coca-Cola.

What would you say are tough few issues.

Yeah I think for us.

Obviously waters it is a huge issue for

us that it touches every product
that we make one way or another and

I think what we're seeing now is is
more of an emergence globally of more of

a closed loop system for water so Maginot
if you would an operation that you know

will clean the inside of our tanks and
piping normally discharge to municipality.

But actually the technology is here today.

So we can take that water clean it up and
essentially bring it back to drinking

water standards now that's not
something that is real common here yet

but as we look at the global system that's
becoming a bigger and bigger issue so

how do we close the loop on water and
I think another interesting aspect of

looking at now is the millennia old so
we're where we sell product to people but

as millennia emerge what what we're
seeing is a little bit different.

How they look at sustainability
attributes of products companies how well

connected they are and
if they're very willing to comment on

a particular product to their friends and
relatives using social media.

So that's something that we're
watching very closely positively or

negatively caused you know they don't

have that Novell OK they're just
the bare wood on Steven Bruce's

comments are trying to give
a manufacturing perspective for

many issues that I think are emerging
in sustainability here and

globally mislead we've mentioned some
of the social factors have how through

poverty where we have read many of

our stakeholders and
are in discussion about you

know do well with rising population we are
heading towards nine billion population.

During my.

As always in many areas.

Lots of issues and discussion about how
how we can as a society we're going

to cope and react to global clot
global warming and climate change.

So more of that is for

us are a big big issues and
Bruce Bruce talked about players leave.

That's very important for
us in in macros and

we're trying to move our business
to become a closed loop system so

we with aluminum we're very fortunate and
we can recycle material time and

time again infinitely back into its
own product exactly the same quality

with huge emissions and energy saving so
that's very interesting for us.

So this concept for the what's called
the circular economy is something that is

I think a big trend in and
I sustainability and

I think we're going to see that emerging
from more and more over the next period.

Great thank you so and
will be moving from what's hot.

Really now until be the go it looking
into the future and thinking about what

are those issues that are on the horizon
that you have to invest and right now

in order to be able to trust them because
they could be huge challenges for

your industry or
present use opportunities.

So I know at U.P.S. I've heard you
do a lot of scenario planning and

one of the scenarios is
call all two hundred.

What would happen if oil hit
two hundred dollars a barrel.

So that's an interesting discussion.

So you think of global supply chains and
so flavors of that patients

that actually employ that
I mean what do you do.

First the price of fuel goes up

exponentially changes happen all
manufacturers think the same way.

So that's good.

So at some point the labor
that's very cheap Asia use

outweighed by the cost of protection and
although there are security issues call.

For Mexico those issues that
are maybe insurmountable now

don't become such a challenge.

You know what it was a hundred fifty bucks
a barrel or two hundred dollars a barrel

and so
the issues that may have in one place

all the sudden are as big of an issue
with transportation costs go up so

the world isn't as big as
it really seems and and

technology overall is that's why this is
a very very careful market making very

large investments over the long term when
you when you look at return on the best of

things changing very rapidly
technology changes fuel prices change

transportation change the rules and
regulations change and

so the price of energy has
a cheer you look at what

natural gas has done to the energy
picture for the next decade.

That's had a cheer you know
what's going to happen if

we were talking about
natural gas as an economy.

You know five years ago.

Look at what change left the church and

manufacturing and so on.

So the World Business Council
on Sustainable Development

group that we are a member of the fact
their annual meeting is going

to be in Atlanta in November
of this year which is a bell.

This is joining has a vision
twenty fifty that talks about nine

different disciplines on what
the role of wall seventy nine and

they've talked about all the different
things that have happened.

How different is this world or future.

Ten twenty years out is a very different
is it incrementally different.

Well it's very different.

So certainly waters.

There was mention what you.

No water is taken for
granted and water can take away

all things that you throw away
in the trash mobs that have to

be as you mentioned will
be all of these issues.

So what's going to happen is
people are going to have to say.

So when you look at the global G.D.P.
seventy five percent of them will

be with the commies today a lot of

people call the base of the pyramid all
going to that economy is going to grow so

there's going to offer more people
they're going to help cell phones

cell phones today they're going
to have communication devices.

Today they don't have the addresses but
they're going to have a cell phone.

They're going to need access and so
what's going to happen is we're going to

the cities and
we build cities today and tomorrow.

The way we build cities today.

So there's mobility problems.

There's pollution problems.

There's accidents injury problems so
cities are going to have to fill.

Different cars people
are going to live in cities.

OK Thank you John.

What about not tell us what to look
like in the future very different and

how so
I think where we're going to have to

see a period of real substantial
change in many years.

There is of our lives.

I think there still is absolutely
correct about when I was a share and

I knew some of the big social changes

that will say you are the next
few years and I think the point

is that we do it on the cover sation
a value that we need to be really.

Starting to think about is not
just individual companies looking

at their own situation in Iran
within there are four walls.

It's much more important I think here
another sustainability trend Diana that

we need with this much more discussion
about looking at things on a lifecycle who

are listing bases and looking through
our products complete lifecycle set of

industries in the supply chain as well as
to the governments and other stakeholders

we need to get much more collaborative
looking at the whole life cycle and

where the rich are resources
in environmental footprint.

We can no longer carry on
the way we are on a on

a sustainable basis big area
rush right now is transportation

where we're working very hard with
many of our supply chain partners and

customers looking at how

the transportation sector transportation
sector in particular automotive

can reduce their emissions and
be much more fuel efficient.

Steve mentioned looking at gas and
obviously lots of work going on on

electric and hybrid vehicles which we're
we're actively involved in from our

perspective one of the big areas we can
contribute some work very closely on his

ignite lighting and
we had we've been working very hard with

everything with academic institutions
including George attacked

our customers and a number of other folks
on how we can tie White House to vehicles

and we had a big success relatively
recently you might have seen the U.S.

is the biggest selling vehicle
the Ford one fifty truck

is moving to an older woman in basis that.

Takes a third of the whites out of
the truck and has great savings on and

you know mission.

So I when I was first introduced to
a novella they were described as

transforming the industry to
become above ground miners.

So you're not rather than trying
to take resources from the air and

turn that into the getting
the aluminum that's already existent.

So where are we historically
we've facto obviousness and

we're about three million metric
tons on underclothing face this

probably going to move to about the one
home five million or five or six years.

Historically we find ourselves
with about recycled contents and

we've recycled about forty million
beverage cans you have for

example where the world's because
Congress I can so that is a third of all

feedstock came from recycling we thought
it's a really substantial change.

Unlike your production of awful
print on which I walk customers and

supplies footprints including
Bruce's car because

we could if we move to eighty
percent recycled content and

predominately using recycled we
can count ten million tonnes of

greenhouse gases here ten million tonnes
and horrible absolute carbon footprint.

While we do have a new business
that's really exciting

because that's an important point that
may have many of these organizations

are saying we're going to do
this while we grow our business.

So you're looking to do this.

Well you double that and
have that idea from our perspective and

that is that we are just looking and

efficiency of nice is you know enough
to start to do things on upstream.

But if you make up for it.

Now that.

OK I think it.

You know just to build I think things.

Stephen generally talked about I think
what I've seen in the last several years

is the supply chain white view of
sustainability is really emerging there.

We're all having conversations
with the full suppliers and

customers in a way that
we have in years and

sustainability been a great
bridge were in between.

And that takes us into things like
thinking about the life cycle analysis I

think a gap today that will start to see
clothes is really around designing for

it with the with the proper end in mind
I would bring it right back around and

think of all the products that we have
today that once you're done with that use

that supply chain and
we have years built around landfill.

Whether it's electronics whether
you know whatever product and

we have constant discussions
internally with our

designers about how do we make
the next generation of products

be things that are completely recyclable
everything down to the label material.

How can that be something that goes
right back to the beginning and

it's it's not easy.

I think we all find that
depending on what sector we're

like the other piece we're working on
that's sort of the big challenge for

us is building up a plant based P.T.
resin and for us.

There's been a lot of work to date
we've got a good portion of the P.T.

molecule solved with at
least on the bench top.

The rest of it.

We've been able to produce but
when you start to look at those types of

innovations it would remove us from using
petroleum as a base which I think would be

a huge benefit challenge being that I run
this with just about every innovation

the supply chain doesn't exist today to
deliver it to market at scale that we need

and it cost so probably Stephen and John
have the same debates internally with our

business side about trying to get through
some of the hurdles to build out a supply

chain to deliver a sustainable solution so
we're working on it quite a bit and

we've got all kinds of projections and as
the world changes with cost of petroleum

those trigger different actions and
by your business side these things along.

And that's such an important point.

You know so often policies
get ahead of what's right for

the planet and you know ethanol is
a pretty good example of that and so

we have policies in the US that promoted
ethanol into food out of people's mild

change the price of corn to an exorbitant
level took more energy to actually

make the profit than save the planet
used to absorb in the amounts of

water which always need to be part of the
calculation I mean one thousand percent of

the power in California is used to pump
water but now they're in a drought.

I'm so you can't you can't leave water
out of the equation when you're measuring

impact of the earth and so
sometimes special interest for

one reason in this happens in the
government often get the way of a total

and it was mentioned in the in the last
conversations here in the way of

a total Terry global impact perspective
and if we're really going to

move forward in the industry is more
in this than in many governments.

I think industry is very interested
in getting a full perspective on what

is that will be impact holistically
this process and that's so

important that when we look at
policies we have that mistaken.

Showed so so
that we're not supporting one thing.

So these are I mean these
are big complex issues and

I've heard the term collaborative use
a lot where we seem to be shifting more

much more quickly towards
this collaborative economy

where you are working with your
suppliers with your consumers.

You're working with your competitors in
many cases just to come up with solutions

to very big issues and
certainly there's a lot more

collaboration is going on between higher
education and corporations as well.

So let's let's move to higher education
and since you were mentioning.

But policy.

I'm going to start with Dr Marilyn Brown
and Maryland what one of the top things

that you're focused on and your research
and your work at Georgia Tech right now.

Well I often take a medical view and
I think we have a lot of technology and

science already but we have there's a
foreign policy you harm it to make some of

these good choices more available and
for that than for us thank you.

The A great example of a good policy
that's with forty one fifty truck which

just come in in part because we now have
a very stringent economy standards heading

our way for gallon for
vehicles and future more.

So we need to always keep in mind what
future policies might have in store for

a difference through the quality of life
that would mean just as well it's you know

regard to what powers the letter of return
some of what what looks like the best bet.

Today.

So let's start with saying.

Ellen G..

Now what happens if in a few years we open
up our markets to export oil and she and

the price of natural gas domestically
rises doubles triples you know we have

a tremendous difference now between what
we pay for gas but a third of the earth

and that that could disappear that half
what I don't know we need to do and

if you sound like why are we good or
another boil and

also the able to pump it through.

I think we try to shift it through
training and what happens when one of us

you know you know explode and
we have lost and he's there.

We can be helpless to some extent fall
through certainly the construction

infrastructure decision doesn't
make one climate change.

Well really.

Place the greenhouse gas emissions
right and let the market respond and

develop all the markets for products.

Many of which already exist but they don't
make sense if you can't get a return on

your investment right now that it's
frankly more a carbon reduction

purpose but the water and the supply chain

because coal issues of
course all of us as well.

Well you know that every

kilowatt hour of electricity things with
that gallon or to water consumption.

We've really got to figure out what to do
with that they're Clean Air Act amendments

much will be released Republik Review
probably in July have been there.

Some will probably but
I have a suspicion that they're working on

some words about the consumption levels
of water and power production and

try to prevent them in the ways
that occurs we think open the site.

But really it's this is a right
that I get excited about

because you think you're trying to get
your retailers to become part of this and

I like to hold it to them and think
about how we can empower this consumer

who wants to be part of the solution
through better information and

to the right price signal as
an example like getting electricity and

paying for
things that have a place signals that

show you how much that electricity
is hosting every day and

giving you a better incentive to shift
your consumption to this low price.

So this is this and this and I think that
I think of at night in terms of helping us

to figure out how we're going
to feel in the developing world.

A billion people out of
poverty every terrifying

problem can thank you very

much going on the end accounting and
hearing that we're going to say anything

on the ground with news much I'm not
saying it's not your traditional can't

imagine doing degree any more nice you see
happening now it's like we're a lot about

supply chain already value chain what we
were from almost out of happened next is

actually the industry's recovery just
on the broader program we do a lot

of work a Ford Motor Company two years
ago in the US it's like hey we have these

electric vehicles that charge up on
the grid the sitting in a house.

How about looking at
the design of the house and

she did a speech that was selfish to let
a worker that's just so suddenly forced

on the task of us like hey let's get we'll
hold in the room line says let's get some

power on the roof with photovoltaic and
even provide our products and see.

Can we make a hole that is bigger than the
sum of the parts and you see that a lot

more now that so like again think about a
car company talk to an appliance company.

There's no connection whatsoever.

And yet they're talking about it
because the brand that now I don't

know what to call my energy lifestyle
because they think it's a lifestyle car.

You know megacity you can't park it.

You got to think differently.

So there's nothing a completely
different business models

something you may have heard about
the seat next solar energy that actually

was assigned by those
students right there.

Raise your hand guys goes on we
should be running the joint show.

This is why we shot up with joy
decker the elephant engineers but

they've actually did that because one is
the company like a former GOING TO don't

have the expertise inside the sort of
think about how can we get the cars

off the grid like the car is nice but
smart say coal fired power plants.

No no not good.

So how do you love the grid.

How do you put concentrated so
on car crazy ideas.

We don't know how yet
exactly to use but you work it out.

But again you see the company stocks
look at all of this traditional little

silo models.

Think about if we stuck teaming up to
what would be possible for one of you.

The drivers.

We have to see what's happening and

they would write a better product is
not actually what we're going to do.

That's what I see the big
systems of systems.

So it's not just you know for

trying to figure out what the next next
feature they put in their next vehicle.

But what the future of mobility.

What exactly they're going to buy them.

It was it still no like you know
you have cell cars right now but

they're all looking down the road if
we could not believe there's not enough

roll out of the US
are we going to do this.

What is the car or the view I think

that's safe it's a good good connection
there's a book out of a bicycle.

I read called were good ideas come from.

It's about innovation Steve Johnson
wrote a fascinating read it.

What it talks about is exactly
the scenario you say with Ford and

Whirlpool where we have to look at
there are the adjacent possibilities.

So it might be getting people together
that in the past were disparate businesses

to look at what can we do together and
they give a lot of examples in there about

how that's how we build ideas and we need
to do more of that and I think that's

where some of the things that we've talked
about already with the supply chain being

with more connected is
starting to help else

Iraq manifest yet so
I think from me chemical

engineering perspective which it includes
chemistry and material science aspects.

You know we're looking partly
a little bit further away and

from in many respects more
of a future technology

is where a lot of the global
issues are driving

a lot of the research that's ongoing
right now from if we look at energy if

we look at water if we look at food
supply and I think there is increased.

Recognition that solutions to all
those problems are going to be

multidisciplinary that they're not
going to come from science and

engineering allow they're going
to come from the science and

engineering working with
policy working with

businesses in order to define what
future technologies can be in place.

I think there is an increasing
focus on being able to

develop sustainable on
the Tiriel systems and

when I was coming through school
when the chemistry degree.

We didn't really think about
the regions that were using or

the in back to the chemicals
that were music.

I think today we're very much aware of
what we're using in trying to minimize

waste and think about where can we
use renewable resources as opposed to

when Yann a petroleum as the source for
all of these substances.

So what I'm seeing is much more and

you just plenary multi just
one airy research focus.

I think we're seeing an increase in and
we're working with

policy experts in understanding
how policy plays a role

in materials design and
development and implementation and

also how the business
picture is going to play all.

So I see that approach
continually increasing

particularly as we are educating
our future scientists and

engineers had great thank you John.

What's happening at the institute
is it was this well we're.

We're focusing on sustainable
urban infrastructure and

I think I'd like to hear what Bert
was talking about with respect to

looking at interactions
the largest machine.

If you want to think of it that way that
we've ever built would include electrical

mechanical and all the other
issues that are involved in a city

that's the biggest thing
we've ever done and I think

in that it comes to products on like a
coke bottle that's plant bottle and so on.

We've done a lot of work in the area
of environmentally responsible or

sustainable or sustainable design but
in more comes and when it comes to cities.

We have in the big challenges is that
once we develop the city the way we

are currently doing it based on predicated
on the cheap abundant fossil based fuels.

That's a decision that
last a very long time.

So all that decision once you make
it how you're going to lay out

the mobility networks and so on.

It's going to be around for a long time.

The problem is that the major
impact is during the use days.

So once you've made that decision
in terms of your plans for

the mobility network water production
energy production transportation

networks mobility all of that once that's
laid out here you have to live with it for

a long time now the good news is I
think in the not too distant future.

Well we are but we are slowly

adding to our urban infrastructure and
so the objective would be to

create this infrastructure that creates
comfort and well investing fewer resources

using fewer resources to maintain and
power it in the long term.

So I think moving forward.

There's a great opportunity.

Starting today moving thirty years or
forty years out.

We might double the urban infrastructure
that we have right now in the U.S..

And in China they might build residences
for four hundred million people

more than all the infrastructure
we have in the United States.

I hope they do it right because it is
a global place in terms of the pollution

the man on the drills and pricing which
is some things we talk about here.

So you know we've been doing is
focusing on what we call urban

infrastructure ecology looking at
interactions between infrastructures.

For example I think alluded to it but
he made some calculations that

if we were to electrify all of
the land as personal transportation

we would need another ninety million
gallons a day in the domestic demand is

a hundred million gallons so
we double We don't have water for that.

So we have to have different ways.

If we're going to electrify of
personal transportation then

using the existing power generation.

So another thing is Burt pointed out from

one of the problems with using
renewables is they vary a lot and so

because that variability we have
the more spinning reserves and so

you can calculate what the benefits
look like on a piece of paper and

might look really great to have more
renewables feed in but if you have to

take into consideration the variability
of the generation of electricity.

You might have to have more spinning
reserves and this will have a dramatic

impact on the benefit that you might get
from the nobles so there's another example

in water energy connections as
one out here by Steve ninety

percent electricity on using California
as a prop water around the nation.

One is about four percent and
there's also the reverse.

If you use out there.

My electric power plants and
a centralized facility.

Why should we use heat to evaporate water.

Why not use that heat for
heating your buildings and the like.

You know I can complain to places
here in Atlanta where they're using

combined heat and power like a reckons and
world building where they basically

have a furnace that furnace creates heat
but also electricity in the news that he

heat the building and
also create cooling for the building.

So depending on how
that furnace looks like

you can all of also do
it without water at all.

And when it comes to power production
in Atlanta we use five times as

much water for heat energy production
than we do for domestic consumption.

So we could cut that in half.

We could have a huge impact on the water
demands to keep the city going.

And so we've done some of those
calculations I just gave you a few

examples of the idea of water
energy water transportation and

energy and water and there's others.

So I think I'll be quiet for
a while I was like Sure but

those are things that we're looking at
as what we call infrastructure ecology

trying to look at all the infrastructures
and how they're related to one another and

coming up with an optimal solution looking
at the interactions between those those

are the structures of picking up
off of the some of the comments

around collaborating and getting some
ideas from across industries and sectors.

What can happen and what should happen
what we like to see happen between higher

education and and given industry
to really tap into the research

minds the thinking and the capacity
at a place like Georgia Tech and

also bring that in with operations
like Coca-Cola Novellus and U.P.S.

so that I like and
like you mentioned you like them so

I think one of the things
measurements we spend on time and

measurement that Deborah are the
World Resources Institute in W.B.C.

this deal with the World Business Council
on sustainable management.

They're the ones that make the greenhouse
gas protocol very active in that C.D.P.

would just be the cause.

Disclosure Project now known as C D P.

They have a voluntary mechanism for
companies to report carbon footprint

of water and then number two or three
a number of other things to do today and

they measure individual companies
footprints and they make a run green.

So in a world.

Going from seven billion people and I
believe that measurement is an individual

but that's not going to get us where
we need to be as a point because

there are going to have to be some systems
what we need from a supply chain stand

is we need an optimal supply chains along
the world together with each other and

it might mean that some supply chains
actually have a bigger footprint.

So that supply chains that
are efficient don't exist in so

somehow the measurement has
to go from individual to

systems that provide
a lower a global footprint

that have a systematic measure whether
it be in a country pieces but really

ask to be dismissed because right now
there's too many individual measurements.

It's never going to get very
you need to give us a plan so

you're measuring what happens at B.P.'s
got a cost measuring what they do and

different industries that are measuring
things like how the United States is

measuring what they're saying at this
time and we're not having the global

measure that money changes for
the world and then allows us to

boast about how I see this and
this is a we do this thing happens for

four or five years and we're not
consuming as let's call selling it.

You know we're selling in Europe.

So they can go back on the call close
the group so we are very proud of

what we do but in fact we're offshore and
all the energy intensive that we thought.

I mean the ending Mark how he
left their country and how so

he needs to do that you know there's then
all of that rain that left you get so

Dr I understand that you're
still runs No you're right

Peter Bartels World Business Council
understand it and

they manage these processes but it's very
general that now this is a process where

they know they don't know but they managed
to those two organizations which which

make the greenhouse gas for all you're
making all of those sticker stakeholder

an age when we can all learn from each
other and that's discussions that we have

at the stakeholder maybe the world or
the greenhouse gas for all.

So there's there's much to be done
to have a global measurements.

You know it's example
I was telling this is

there's there's a neighborhood
with fifty people on it.

They all drive their cars to from it.

So you bring a bus into the neighborhood
tell everybody to get on the bus.

So what's in they go to from within
the bus was the carbon story and

then the carbon boss
the carbon footprint is gone.

So what you hear you
know I'm under the C.T.V.

that bus company would be
chastised because their footprint.

But the planet and so

we have to think about that and a more
holistic measurement on an L.C.D. basis.

If we're ever going to move
in encouraging policy.

How do we measure a list of
groups like behaviors and

includes intensity metrics
now just Absolutely.

So that we're measuring the right thing.

So we often get absolute directions.

So I think that also involves introducing

other aspects to our education system and
I think it means educating

students from the get go to think.

Holistically and think globally
is most of our departments and

most of our courses for Mum we first
start school are largely stove pipe.

They're not they're not taught
in a holistic manner where

history policy get incorporated

into math and science and vice versa.

And then when we get
to the high school and

college levels we have
chemistry physics biology and

then we have the sciences we have
the discrete engineering departments

the policy departments the liberal
arts etc When we get to

the college university level we have
very few programs that cut across

horizontally all of the different
educational curricula.

And I think we would benefit from
looking at our education system and

thinking about how we can build in
more of a matrix like approach so

that we do have more of that cross-cutting
education so that we now building

an A a population that is going to
start thinking more holistically.

So really it's easier to get to
know the end result that Steve

is talking about so
Diane and I as a business

where do we see Georgia Tech
helping you make here contribution

innovation for us on why decide
she's just absolutely vital body for

all process and all products on how we
collaborate with with Georgia Tech.

Milliman situation is absolutely vital for
all future so

we we need to speed up on sustainability
we need more collaborative thinking.

I mean George attack is such a great
institution to help this drive that we

we we desperately need
down the other Mary's I

was there I said I'd like
the engineering innovation company.

You know when we desperately need small
and you know there's a new technology

center our business is not hard
line is very very important for us.

You know we've got we've got we we
recently I pointed out libel are in

the center in Kenya so just up the road
here we're struggling to recruit

high level scientists and engineers into
that will deny that organization because

we can't run so there's a smart students
here who might be graduating from here

should say you have let us know that
has the really good place to work.

We're going to add something
to think about but

to also saying is that all we need to so
like we can stop fires on the other hand

rolling as well as they also hire people
because of their debts will discipline.

We all we had a long time ago in my
crew members of a job which was well

the discussions about should be
curious sustainability we just cannot

at the end of the day came down.

Like who is going to hire them.

And traditionally these companies
will hire the mechanical engineer.

They're like a question here but that
doesn't mean that you like we should feel

that we should have
broadening a little bit.

Most of ours and we're getting there
slowly become vision and we actually open

up a curriculum to have at least you out
on the best years have fifty credit hours

of they could do whatever they want
they can take a minor public policy.

You can take full of all the I program
courses etc just to broaden their

perspective because what we see is like
a lot of times when students come in from

high school when you still want
something to believe it's true.

And so we saw what make them
forced to think about it and

realized my God this is the biggest B.S.
I've seen and this is you know.

Point two like you mentioned whatever
they actually are the great fun.

Yeah yeah I don't know that much
more that stuff was used by Heidi.

So I'm not sure.

So that's yours.

But for example I know you mention
measurements and it's obvious B.S.

use D N A.

And so on and for example one of my other
students is working with a company on

the water tool looking at four
different tools forces in water.

Guess what sort of plants
that look automotive

plant in the southern location they
will tell you different stores.

Absolutely.

And then you select that as it
has a manufacturer stuff big

about like what should I
do now especially to have

realized like this when
the business is not that bad.

So that it's only when you start
introducing the students to each cow like

on some of these that they start
realizing what they don't know.

And also realize what these companies
out of people don't know that's a big

revelation something that
will get into your point and

I'm engineer I usually apologize for that
once a day but my my favorite thing to do

in this space is for story and we do quite
a bit of that we commit to plan a million

trees of the year we go up in the for your
own measure trees we measure the trees.

We support Fernbank and
that's a piece of this.

There's a there's a soft side to this and
it's understanding you know the water

piece the nature piece the buyer's
diversity piece biomimicry there's

a business side of this which is the money
side of this and there's a business case.

That's right in the middle and
you can't just stay on the left and

talk about having trees and
you can't just stand right and

talk about money you have to be in
the middle talking of business but

having engineers and
engineers don't always do that.

Well having them understand the force
you're part of this is a very very hard

this forced reason great place to spend
some time to get that piece in and

many companies do that.

It's very very important for
students to whom you think exposure

because Intel you have
the perspective you know people.

We also need to have
smarter government policy

makers that are working
from taste principle and

people understanding of the science and
technology underpinnings

of what they're what they're
making a living or at life.

You didn't mention and the bio energy that
the problems are ethanol that was a very

thankless they all of us who were
smart about energy policy knew it and

however those who were an admiral
government were unaware.

If you apparently were
their own lobbyists.

You know where you are in charge.

I don't know but we really do need
to have as he said of the interest

of better integration across
science technology and

economics be able to better policy and

you know I think what look at the question
of green with the conversation so far.

And if I have to look at it in practical
terms what we're doing is a university

need to think about in else as you talk
about getting stovepipe think about

since water so close to us all the water
services in your home every one of them

is a single pass applications
all go into a facility and

they'll tell me a great story
about how they're more efficient.

They're more efficient
at using it one time and

I think when you look at the global
system now where we have

water scarcity emerging right now we're
dealing with the drought in California.

It really begs for us to start
thinking about how can we truly design

our systems to operate in the new reality.

So that the water that you use
once can become grey water

that's used in one of our houses or
pipe for that.

And so we're into that just with facility
so they can other piece that is good for

students to be thinking about when
we build a production line will buy

a filler buy a pallet ties or
will buy various pieces of equipment but

we have to have somebody that's
an integrator How does it fit in.

I think in the education that that this
institution provides We need some thinking

in terms of sustainability.

How do we integrate it so what do I mean.

So if I buy a wind turbine
how many people are going

to want to have a one hundred fifty foot
wind turbine next to their house and

that's the kind of integration thinking
that I think we need to have we look at

some of these innovations there's
lot of great innovations out there

from solar to wind but when you think what
has it been a GREAT with what we have

today because that's the reality
is that the change overnight.

We have to give some thought of
putting the pieces together so

I think that's probably tough in a
curriculum that to have that kind of work.

I think it's tough in a hurry but
I think steps can be

named towards unleased having
an awareness that there

are other needs that need to
be taken into consideration in

development a particular technology or

facility that you know a holistic view not

necessarily holistic
training because I think we

do have to balance some of
the more in-depth training but

we can have a generally more
educated student coming

out of school who does
have at least an awareness

of other issues that need to be
taken into consideration and

you know almost sort of a life
cycle analysis if we do.

You there that's what do we end up where
when the technology on when the product or

when the plant is no longer going to
be used and what happens along the way.

And what do we do at the end of the day so

I think we can have a much
more holistic approach and

we can we can I think in effect in
education in the education curriculum

recognizing that there's a lot of
learning still have to take place and

I think we can educate
students to be more amenable

to multi discipline
truly multi disciplinary

team approaches to problem solving and
that's something which I think

we don't do very well today one of
the areas of any creation that I thought

I was actually going to refer to
something you said is I think anything.

Then again in grading the supply
side with the demand side and

producers I think I don't see enough
of that in our educational system.

So for instance it would be
a pertinence of both the water and

the electricity
the challenges that we face.

You mentioned if you got into
this when you have the resources

get it back up with some
spending money for five years and

that's one guess of some sort or

it could be plugging people
than to your electric system

with a reward system in
place drop their load

incrementally they may not even though
this is it but they'll still be so

the lighting here turned down
ten percent temperature.

I don't know up or down.

I'm not sure which way we want to go but
there's something in me that but

I'm imaging that demand side
that does take a different.

I think that really crossed boundaries and

now you've got to
understand their response.

People need to rethink and I think
I've said information let them know

how to get their attention but
they need to do it fair to them and

then you know where if you answer that

you don't and that's the thing
it's not just that you know.

Well I was actually talking about
more about the holistic thinking

and the example that I was like
to give is transportation and

I don't pick on the chemical engineers but
suppose you know mechanical engineer who

designs cars and the first thing out
of your mouth was transportation they

would be down the track of reductionism
perhaps maybe they would except for

birth rate the reduction the reduction
isn't being well I want to be

Mike my car more fuel efficient more air
and then make it lighter and all that but

I say whoa back up for a moment
transportation is access to function.

OK So you tell me what function you need
the most awkward about solutions to that

function how we might be able to provide
that need as opposed to it always has to

be you know a cup movement in
a personal car something like this.

So I just wanted to say
that I call at more of

a holistic view rather reductionist
view you'd be on the wrong track.

If you were thinking along the lines
of about you know karma building.

I mean right now we have
a billion cars on this planet.

How many can a planet
sustain two billion or four.

I want eight.

There's not be a limit to that kind
of segues back to the demand side

of sustainability.

We're going to have to do
something really dramatic here.

We're not going to exceed the earth.

Ability to supply
the resources that we need and

that segues perfectly into our
material question with the big five.

Those are the ones that use
energy cement iron aluminum and

thermal plastics and paper.

If you chart out into the future
fifty years in the future the demand

is going to increase by fifty percent and

even with the best scenarios in
terms of energy renewable energy

in Corporation most efficient way to
create those materials guess what folks

we're not going to meet our C O two
objectives just not going to happen.

You can't be done so

that means we have to think about
the demand side of sustainability.

You know like design he picked on me.

He's like I'm sorry I wasn't I mean you
know anybody's You got to be right and

forget that we have and
this is again a lie used to use OK guys

we have like many many years
ago before natural gas.

We actually know this is not going
to be a project with a low just

one more lot of planning and
logistics at that point actual gas is so

cheap that actually looking at back
to acknowledge the diesel trucks

the natural gas and of course they had to
go through by some crazy companies at all.

We have this hydrogen injection will
make you ten twenty percent more

efficient with broken injection.

So we go for crazy enough to actually
run a couple big rigs on with some of

the technologies on it and so
like fall around for something to not

do students that are I would check in
all these trucks out of all of them and

one truck was remarkably will was
getting fuel becoming proof like

you can believe if we use it without
looking like wind with it doesn't have

any of the technology on what's going on.

What's what's going on and then the
trucking Kupchak That's Joe you know he's

an experienced driver you know so
she's well what do you want.

You're going to make this is
normal drivers to school with when

they had over to not invest in one month.

But simply don't like drive
efficiently use this class

use this year three and cetera.

We see the same thing right now
that you have to do your bills

and that you know that.

Going to just we're on a flu battery

the raises from ten miles to thirty
plus miles would normally be twenty one

now you've got a two hundred three hundred
percent swing in there in fuel economy.

Just because of the person driving and

when it comes to like you have to
I people want to do my favorites.

Say I'm going to pick my wife like
I have discussed on the line and

you propose something to
do with my wife stuff and

then you should see a video
about what you used up and

ended on a fifty foot tall windows on the
become for want to do that in my backyard.

So what would you use and that certainly
puts a very personal many people living

personal they still need to go on a ship
like yeah that's a good idea to leave it

like that it would work just to my mother
would you be my grandma when you hear so.

So there are some realities here one
of the realities is it's estimated that

energy use in the next twenty years
is going to go up forty percent.

And so when you add up.

This is mentioned when you add up
all the renewables all the passes.

He doesn't do everything we know
all the nuclear everything we can

get our hands on doesn't do it.

So they're still going to be fossil
fuel the natural gas helps but

there is going to be a significant
step in the years there's a growing

population that has demands in China and

India and some other emerging economies
they're growing very rapidly.

They want to keep these they want.

This is their cars they want
everything that people get by

without water without prior
growing demand like that.

Steve That to me John was
point is about climate change

because when I was not going to happen
because the Saatchi just come come.

Call me Barry.

To demand than supply a supply and
me talk of a target.

So who desire to see one
of us would have to make

some choices about what we want right.

So the World Business Council talks
about sustainable consumption which

is which is a big subject.

So how is all that going to work in
Beijing today it's a lemon Tomlin's of

record not meant to bubble pollution
they have T.V.'s now that shows some

sudden because they can't
see the sun setting and

you know there are some pretty
big issues on the horizon.

One of the things we haven't talked about
is the primary tenet of sustainability

which is transparency and so
today like like never before.

There are social media and
there's this notion So

if Mitt telephone or
some oil company has lead in their toy.

You know Bob very quickly if somebody
puts poison in your dog food

and bunch of people's dogs don't make
it you know about it very quickly.

So that's a that's a primary
factor in this space and

consumers are acting more
than they ever have before.

And that's a major component
of the supply chain and

that affects governments companies
this whole mechanism that's something

we have to keep a key part of the equation
is is not there around it necessarily

around innovation and technology and
what one exists and what can be created.

But a key part of that
would be around people.

So it's that the mindsets of consumerism
the mindset the perspectives of people

who are being educated right now and how
people collaborate to try and solve it.

So if it's more of a leadership issue or
collaboration it's your mindset issue to

help they because innovation
comes in leaps and bounds but

it really has we have to change in
many other ways about a year ago I

had a conversation with
President Peterson and

he said you know we're educating our
students too for jobs that don't.

Best yet to tackle problems.

You know that we have no solutions for
yet.

So it's really about trying to have
students who are thinking critically

who can go out there and address
the problems that as they crop up and

not just the ones we know about today.

So and one of the conversations
that Michael Chang and

I have had is is around this
strong need for corporations

when they when they ask about what they
want and people working in sustainability.

It's not necessarily that they
have a particular expertise or

a degree in a certain area but that they
have the ability to work collaboratively

across functions and up and down level so
you've got the technician working with

the engineer working within the facilities
manager working with someone who's not.

I think a technical area for

how do you how do you teach your students
today to solve the problems of tomorrow

you don't even know what they
are one thing he tries it against

everyone in that discussion because we
need everyone to be for the solution.

You know one of those half of
the population are not really educated so

we have a very stringent goals for

diversity of all sorts of all sorts
not just you know Larry I think

that's really important because you know
we've got to motivate the next generation.

They all look like us.

Right so sharing that if rules that
does everyone makes decisions and

you know I guess we do want to
change the face of engineering and

sustainability but we also want to
change the faces of the engineers.

There's no solutions that
are going to be acceptable to

our society and that come from
a broad spectrum of initiatives and

viewpoints so that you're right and

I think it's important to
recognise that society is global.

And the world is getting smaller and
smaller and

what may be a solution for
our society may not

be a solution for
an emerging developing society.

However I believe for

a business to be successful in the future

it is going to have they are going to have
to think globally and be able to address

global demand so that means that
we need to have be able to educate

students to have that
global perspective and

that means diversity in
every sense of the word you

know things like having hard you know to
get students for problems I didn't know.

Well you give the best tools or whatever.

There is haven't changed in many many
years and that hasn't changed much.

You still one would want to still do and
those are basic foundations.

But then you have to select the girls and
then everybody is a loser you have to

select how much out of five like
you want to one of those two but so

many I'm in a care about and so
you have to bring a global perception and

that contextualize and so I can help
understand how these tools actually can be

used into new situations where
they've never seen before and

never thought of as well but they draw
control volume in this in the House and

the starting point you
start tackling the problem.

I want to mention take a slightly
different direction since

we haven't been talking about
the developing world directly but

I don't know if anyone's familiar with the
idea that childhood mortality is related

very strongly with population growth
to still die young and Burundi

is to die when you're one to die young in
Sweden you die when you're sixty three.

So what happens is that in the developing
world because of poor sanitation and

the like where the child or
childhood mortality is quite high.

They have more children.

Yes a few die when they're young.

But more live to be adults and I think
when we start talking about the challenges

here that we've been talking about
we're talking about the golden billion

there might be another eight billion out
there by twenty fifty that are going to be

needing and wanting the same things
that we do and it could even be bigger.

If we don't deal with
this issue of sanitation.

Because if we can course there's
two thorny problems there.

One this you can't have a failed state.

Right.
I mean we can't do anything in that case.

So the government has to be behind it but

the other is technological and there's a
civil environment here in the water field.

We know how to deal with sanitation.

So I sort of put that out
there as we go forward.

We think about what good will.

We could create could be an awful lot.

If we could improve or
reduced childhood mortality and

that would help us control population and

I think you think that is educating girls
and that's another part of the course but

if you just plot you can see the plot of
of the child mortality that education is

always a part of it or through yeah I
think one of things I could comment on

with that it's a kind of build off of
having your students think globally and

one of things ever run into recent years
we have a certain lens here in Atlanta

where land based company will
have a global commitment but

the question we have to start asking
now is this for the developed world or

the undeveloped because a lot of the
solutions for one don't match the other

and there's always an opportunity to
really really think carefully about that I

read about a lot of aid organizations
apply infant incubators in.

So if you take the incubator that we have
here at the hospitals downtown you send it

to a third world country once
it breaks it's done forever and

there was a really interesting innovation
where somebody came back and really

retooled it so did the same thing with car
parts because what they found is no matter

where you are in the world they want to
keep their Toyota pickup truck running.

So the heat source is a sealed
headlamp those are the kinds of

skills that people have
to bring the table.

How do I solve the problem
of the undeveloped world but

if it's something that developed
will recognize this and vice versa.

When we have a just a little under
ten minutes I wonder if there are any

questions from the audience that you might
have for this esteemed panel that it.

So how do we bridge the gap

between the impressive knowledge and
skills and capabilities we have here and

what the policymakers are doing and
government that panel

now I want to start I want to not

have been thinking well

I know the whole of public policy at
George the tech has a requirement

that if you get your Master's degree
that has been your summer thing and

internship and the majority of this
interns go either through Washington or

through this thing and
kept it all and they were on this.

There is this is you make is that I hope
that they're hoping to bring in that fact

the science piece the magic and
the creating thinking

it's really difficult way to do
it one by one but that's it.

Getting in.
There's a lot of education that goes back

to them at the same time to see
how this is it's really are made.

If you want to influence decisions
sometimes it's not on the floor

where the vote is taking you know
absolutely that to do that change careers

after they have done that intention
isn't something that I could pursue yet.

I think from perhaps a more science and
engineering perspective.

Those of us who go into science and

engineering you generally don't get
involved in the political sector and

we generally don't voice
our opinions very much so

I think one thing that we could do
is to work more effectively and

interact much more effectively
with our government

leaders leaders either at
the city state regional or

national level that we
could be participating.

A lot more than we
are in that equation and

I think perhaps we might be able
to train our students to be better

at communicating not only with
other scientists and engineers and

with the general population as a whole and
I think that could be useful.