The purpose of this is to find
out what kind of research is

going on within the county
marketing group and

to see if there are pretty
opportunities for collaboration or

there are students who long to take
classes with our classrooms and

also to see the vibrancy of
the College of Architecture.

I next month we will be having another
group effort at the Research Forum

and it will be back to Sherry and
Javier is art from the school of

building construction and then go not
retire from the School of Architecture.

Today I am delighted to
interview some arm for

speakers who are representing some of the
research that is going on at the digital

fabrication laboratory which is
physically located on Marietta Street and

they're going to talk a little
bit about their research.

We have Kevin shank Wilder.

Who is an assistant professor in the
School of Industrial Design His research

focuses on the use of parametric modeling
and design with a particular interest and

product customisation he holds
a Bachelor of Science and a master

master of science especially a master
of industrial design from Georgia talk.

Our second speaker today.

Well actually first I'm going
first with Kevin's going to do and

he's really amazing.

And she is an assistant professor
in the School of Architecture

her research interests are in building
envelope systems materials digital

fabrication techniques and
construction methodology to test and

prototype building elements that
realise target performance levels.

Dr main is an engine.

Engineer and an architect who holds
a master of architecture from MIT and

a Master of Science and
civil engineering structural mag

mechanics from Stanford University and
then we have

Andre skivvy Harris is a doctoral
student in architecture his expert.

He's in digital computing parametric
design and digital fabrication.

He comes to us.

Frenchy late with a bachelor's degree
in architecture from university and

last but not least destress and
his assistant

professor in the School of Architecture
his pert research and teaching us first.

Focus on the continuous exploration
of digital technology in the design

representation analysis and

production of your metrically
sophisticated architecture.

He holds a Bachelor of Science and a
master of architecture from Georgia Tech.

Please join me in welcoming or thanks.

OK Well thanks to everyone for
coming in lieu of our fearless leader

Russell gentry who's not here I'm going to
do a sort of brief overview of the lab and

talk about our sort of world view.

We are I guess the talk is going to
be structured in terms of breadth and

depth because that's how we see ourselves
we're very crosscutting we have lots

of different disciplines in lots of
different outlooks in the lab and

methods of working in the lab from
architects to structural engineers to

musicians to artists to industrial
designers so on and so forth.

So we have a lot of brush.

But I think the way we're going to
structure today's talk is really in terms

of depth through a show a few projects
in depth that each of the researchers

are refactor members are working on.

So just a couple of quick notes about
the patient I but before I do that.

I want to actually tell a quick
story about something I'm just

really very recently and
didn't know this this object this machine.

What it is the early typewriter right and

the name of the typewriter is
the mauling Hanson writing ball and

it's interesting I just read the quote
This is actually this machine changed.

Nietzsche's life need to know you know
this is again this just recently had.

In his I guess mid thirty's his health
had really fallen into bad shape and

he was at the point where you
can really see his vision was so

bad that he couldn't with equal rights and
he stopped writing completely and

it wasn't until he got this machine
that he started writing again.

And so in a letter to one of his friends
where he's talking about this machine.

This one.
He just says this is from a book

called What the Internet is Doing
to Our Brains the shallows servitor

So this is actually
a letter between each and

one of his colleagues starting
with his colleague writing to him.

Perhaps you will through this instrument
even take to a new to a new idiom close

let's write a letter noting
that in his own work.

My thoughts in music and language often
depend on the quality of pen and paper you

write nature replied our writing equipment
takes part in the forming of our thoughts.

I think that's kind of nice to think about
tools that we're using the technology

using today and how that that doesn't
just become an instrumental domain but

I really starts to reformulate where we're
working in the way we're thinking and

the way that we are acting in design.

So a little bit about the lab
we think of ourselves in terms

of these well that there are six here but
I'm going to focus on on five sort of key

points representation performance
analysis materials fabrication and

assembly and so looking at the sort of
broad spectrum not all have design here

right because design in my mind is sort of
cross-cutting across all of those right.

Always designing.

But understanding each of
those domains as a specific

domain with a set of research agendas but

also looking at the the interview in
main dependencies if you will right.

So representation.

Let's see if we can make this work
representation we're interested in

different modes of representing things
entertainment systems drawings and

this is going to talk at length
about the so-called structure for.

Behavior function paradigm in
terms of how things behave

performance how do things behave right.

How can we simulate how can we predict
behavior of materials of assemblies of

systems and
how can we use that information early in

in conceptual design phase is such that
it's not just a downstream validation or

a downstream effect or
check other materials how do Tiriel

perform right how much it will behave
architecture is fundamentally I would

argue it's about this and
many of our you know we're back already.

This is where they should between
representation and making materiality and

it's at the material level
the raw material and

how do we transform that material
in the process is that we're using

this process is a fabrication process is
clearly this the digital fabrication lab.

I'm sort of skipping over a lot of
the things that I think at this point

in terms of visual fabrication
are fairly well understood.

I'm going to spend time on
the issues of machines and

that sort of stuff I think it's fairly
commonplace and assembly so you know once

we understand the parts how do we
understand how those things go together.

So all the way from design
conceptualization to putting something

together on a building construction
site and making it work and testing it.

So having said that I'm
going to switch gears and

turn this over to my colleague Kevin shank
Wyler who's going to talk a little bit

about his work and I've got my timer so
I can try to keep the minutes when

everybody carries shrink Ross assistant
professor in industrial design.

They struck to me to speak with you and
I'm going to talk about a couple

things really quickly the small
effort that my group has over

at that is a fabrication I would call a D.
forty one of the design for one group and

that comprises of myself when run down
a burger log in a Ph D. suitcase E.I.B..

You've seen much of the work that's
come out of my classes in that lab.

In the building where the centennial
bench which was a central

the defect cation is very central to
producing this a collaboration with

with Tristen over there in our
classes working together for

the larger architecture celebration
which is you know the pieces these

furniture around the building and
this is part of my permit.

Public.
Modeling class and

what we do is we teach the students
how to build and design for

variability in the human form both from
an at the public policy standpoint and

from an ability standpoint we
look at ways different means of

customizing products to fit their
specific customer specific needs or or

the specific needs of small populations
which leads me to particular project going

to talking about he says idea of digitally
inclusive furniture and this was a very

small Well it was a small project looking
at Jordan questions how we bridge the gap

between assisted Tech City Technology and
your first universal design.

So this was efficient out of
the project was a permit to the city of

universal furniture.

It was the result of a faculty
development grant from the G.T.S.

fund given for last year.

Funded student doing Rawlins.

And part of one another student
Donald bearlike the purpose of this

you guys can read it on your
own The grew out of an earlier

attempt between myself Russell gentry and
John Sanford and

Scott Haines over at can Tia to them
to put together a larger night a dream

in which to explore the space and
how can parents modeling of products

really react to not just into
poetry people but to abilities.

So in other words how different abilities
of people have an effect on product

geometry.

And those changes writing with
the term they would in quite have.

Enough to go there yet and
so I took it on to right up

to a small exercise to help build some
some domain knowledge and experience in

the area of developing the digital models
to enable this this type of thinking and

that's what this project is about this
project was a collaboration between adults

for design the digital
fabrication lab which obviously

provided the modeling and
the fabric Asian infrastructure and

Kitty who did it to provide some some
domain knowledge and understanding needs.

So we came out of this is presented to
paper on this project that the ideas say

the National Conference of the education
suppose him back in September and in

the event I'll be going to San Francisco
to present at the mass customization Co

creation and personalization
conference in San Francisco.

So we're talking about it.

Well I would spend too much on the concept
of primitive man because I think it's

fairly well understood at least
in architecture standpoint but

basically we're talking about
if you consider a chair right.

And then we can do it we can parameterize
certain aspects of the chair whether it's

overall height width
with depth of a chair.

We also parameterize particular components
that make up the Cerberus the legs and

seat band the back back rest arm styles
that sort of thing we understand that

they're all interrelated not just from
a design standpoint or manufacturing

standpoint what you understand
the variability and we can identify them

parameterized that we can then create
variations to MIT to fit different

scenarios so whether it's different size
people differ quantity of people and in

turn in code manufacturing data on today
and those very last images on the right.

Represent layouts for scene secreting.

Now this this particular
project again we pose

the question is how does the human
ability inform product geometry and

to look at that we took
a small range of abilities and

we assessed those fully
ambulatory folks and

then those wheelchair into such those
that have the ability to self trance.

From a wheelchair to a sitting device and

those that require a small
amount of assistance for

a transfer board to transfer from from
a wheelchair to a seating device.

And so this this chart sort of represents
sort of the conceptual framework of the of

the project in that you
know the actual artifact is

influenced by many things where the it's
the human body in terms of size and

ability manufacturing processes tools
which materials all play a role

style plays a role and that was very
important in this project as well.

Was to go back to the edge of bridging the
gap between assistive technology universal

design many times in the SR technology
we see devices that are designed for

specific people but they almost always
end up looking like hospital devices

we call a very stigmatizing It's a device
that identifies a person as having

having a disability and we wanted to
see if we could bridge that gap and

bring more of universal thinking into it.

It's a products that are designed
to be accepted and liked by all but

I tell you people specific abilities.

So we started out working with a couple
of experts it could help identify

specific attributes user needs that we
need to to to consider to design for these

folks and then from that for an infant
using needs a dental find affordance is

that that the chair would need to consider
that then turns into features and

if I what would feature the chair effect
in terms and what specific actually beads

those specific features
need to have I mean style.

When I think that was part of this was
understood was to Big sure that we could

we could carry a proper style that was
that would be appropriate for the home for

this project rather than just
doing a grand design exercise and

developing our own style because
that would be getting way

too many variables into this is
a matter of assessment going backwards.

So we did some simple but

very sexy size understand what it is
that makes a craftsman style chair.

Saying we need to understand exact.

In the anatomy chair.

I'm saying all the different
parts that make up the chair

because they're all interrelated when it
comes to structure size and support and

to make sure when you're sitting if
that's involved part and fall over and

then doing it was very key in
this part to be able to take

a lot of his engineering background and
develop a person charging assessments and

be able to understand what level of
impact what we call Internet relations

what different components affected what
other components in the chairs we consider

he said or designs internally
know the width of the seat and

would drive the stringers
the structures that are there for

structure support between the legs and
such.

Secondly we did a lot of lot of
mapping because associativity mapping

to help understand where the extra
influence is on the chair so Xstrata we

look at the people that are interacting
with the chair and to understand from from

body type against size how that affects
a chair and then begin to understand

how ability would affect different
different configurations of the chair.

From that we then we then we then
took that into poetry data and

developed we call a high high order layout
sketches within within the digital model

using salt works as a as a program and
developed in this rough likeness

of the human body that would then drive
the geometry of the rest of the chair

and this in turn fed other types
of layouts and you know so

that there's a lot of Dan a lot of
information on there just a just a two D.

sketch format with the side the front and

the top last to really understand how
different parts related to to each other.

After that rough models are building
we went into prototypes actually made

physical prototypes of the so
that so that we could assess

manufacturing approaches and
other very cation process you know

size we could sit it get a feeling we
could we could see how people can move.

In and out of the chair.

And I'm not running on time so
I'm going to sit for through this.

But in the end we were able to
cast that all that these different

departments into into a digital model I
want to see here are three configurations

that represent the different main ability
requirements of the people the standard

no arm chair which anyone can use it
is a problem for any side of the table.

You have an arm chair which allows
a gamer to fully ambulatory it's good for

the you know the proper for
the for the head of the table but

an arm chair also helps provide those
militaries with actors for the whole

themselves up by their arms and the last
one is a figure to show sliding arms for

those that need extra assistance be
able to apply transfer board to a chair

have that room be able to move the arm
other way sliding of the chair and

move the arm back and they all they all
are fashion within that similar Craftsman

style swing the other out there are still
visually instead of the appropriate for

the whole so next steps.

What do we really learn from this
is that we learned two really

good best practices for

the step modeling is that we can figure
geometric relationships and that's what.

So those last sketches to reflect
the difference and after poetry but

we use configurations where we can set up
different definitions of chess with or

without arms or with sliding arms to
capture the variation in ability.

We're going with this is a now I miss
you have a Ph D. student on board and

you know there might be student and we're
continuing work on this and this chair.

We're going to look at
now see if we can go for

that night or grant again and
we've done some background work.

Casey is working on embedding various
third party configurator configurators in

this model so from an interface
standpoint who's very easy for

a user interact with and then and
then the third part of that is it after

that as it were called parametric turn
to be able to build actually physical

device sort of like a radio turn
that with all physical manipulate.

One of the does and thank you.

Hello.

For me.
John Mann assistant professor here and

I have a background in engineering and
architecture and picture so

prior to my teaching here in Georgia Tech.

I was working on large projects in
particular working on the building all

the systems design from design to
through fabrication and installation.

So coming here.

You know I think that noticing from
my experiences through practice and

also seeing through
the trends of the industry.

I was very keen on through

looking at the buildings going
workflow and understanding.

Not only from the projects that I worked
on but also on other projects and

different kinds of projects where
you have one customization or

more standard simply So this is a research

project funded by the chip visual
building laboratory here Georgia Tech and

where the main focus is looking at
three buildings three case study and

doing thirty three case studies and
gaining conclusions from that.

So the top one is Palm at Palm medical
which is a project that I worked on so

that was sort of the initiator and the
other one that we're looking at is the big

man Tower in New York City which is kind
of the middle picture and another one.

We're looking at is the United
there are a few digs and

Silver Spring Maryland which is kind
of our through the standard assembly

option or a case study and then we're
also looking at the picture here.

Unfortunately but the dome Damon Plaza and
Seoul Korea designed by the ID.

So the the focus of
the research is looking at

is looking at basically on the left
being sort of the design phase

where we're doing renderings we're
understanding through visually what

the all of this thing looks like
we're doing performance analyses.

We're also working with a fabricator to
understand you know how best to fabricate

this current wall system and then on
the right is its actual erection site so

that the research looks like you're
transitioning from you know through

an image in the left into sort of that we
all it's a right there the workflow based

on that project is basically this and this
is sort of the work flow chart where when

we talk about workflow we're talking about
how information is exchanged both ends for

the verbal exchanges as well as software
exchanges like the models and what

kind of models they're using how they're
interacting with the different parties.

What stages.

These are happening.

You know how the cost schedules
impacting the workflow.

So this is sort of the chart and kind
of what I would come away with this is

looking at for the intensity of the for
interactions for

design development and transitioning
to construction documentation and

then there wasn't another sort of
intense or workflow when it came to

the pre construction or Morris or
surrounding when there was an actual

mock up a final mock up done where
we had to actually test it and

then there were issues raised and she
had to redesign some of the elements so

spring from that one of the projects
that we were looking at to

do the work flow research
which is still ongoing.

So a lot of this work.

I'm presenting is ongoing and so

I won't be going into as much
depth as Kevin has been doing.

But this is for this project.

One of the criteria was that they asked

the contractor they wanted
a virtual mock up done.

There was some misunderstanding of
what this virtual mockup was and so

we had the opportunity to actually
implement our skill with and

through our understanding and
test out you know what the potential

not to the fullest but at least sort of
the initiation of what the virtual mockup

can do this was the workflow for
that this project and

so we actually are affecting the work
flow based on the work we did

so we started off just kind of looking at
the different components assemblies You

know what how they interacted with
each other and we decided to sort of

start modeling in a little differently
than just a visual representation but

looking at how you can
get used information to

translated into sort of
a automated fabrication model so

talking with you know the fabricator also
with other fabricators and seeing through

what their dilemma I was we tried to think
of it as having a little part similar to

like off the shelf at a fabrication
plant you have all parts and

then you start assembling subassemblies
and then as you go to the building then

you have through the master sommelier
where the subassemblies come together.

So this is what we like to
call the mechanical solution.

And this was we're lucky that we
have access to a live webcam so

we actually monitoring the installation
as it is in progress and so

this was how some of the windows that we
started modeling were being installed and

we were looking Israelis corners and
thinking OK there was.

A lot of sort of patch work being done.

So through a model we noticed that
from the two drawings that were

given that just extruding then
we started having issues about

how some of the components
would in a way each other and

all of these components were introduced
because of you know the performance in

terms of the airflow performance
the vapor transmission performance.

So these were performative
elements that were introduced.

But in the documentation and
they were not fully studied so

when we started to study them.

You know we realized extrusions had
to be pieces that we milled out

corners had to have sort
of prefabricated elements.

And you know this is
the drawings showed a two inch

outward recess which actually made
the whole installation very complex.

So we told the fabricating we said well

you know why is it that you
can set it back two inches.

Because then you know if you did the head
then it would be such a smooth transition.

So luckily the photo that they just sent
us was a through situation where it was

sort of recessed back but
because of a sort of the time schedule.

We weren't able to impact the the project
as whole but the good part

was that we were able to show
you know both most all parties

that you know really doing this kind
of virtual study of the only system and

how it comes together is very
beneficial by doing this and

understanding these components before this
saves you know everyone a lot of time and

a lot are we working and
also money of course this is you know.

Hot off the presses kind of as it is of
this moment so you know the thing that

we had the good opportunity is that we're
actually able to interact with it and

they're very and because Woods.

We're proving that what we're
doing is very applicable.

You know we're sending I'm
sending my jury down and

he's going to be actually more
implement since a project.

So in terms of you know what we see sort
of as the potential for the virtual market

is that you know it's it's it's allows for

this kind of transition between
designed performance and fabrication.

I'm not going to run
down the whole list but

you know these are you know
it's a non-static process so it

is able to have be part of this or
interim design flow and

so kind of spring off from this is you
know what is the value of version markets

which is kind of the project that is
being funded by a digital building and

we're also looking at what
the can optimal way of

having the software exchanges where
it can be much more interest but

you don't have to overload on
like one main sort of the model.

You're actually having prefer old
models that are able to feed back

into the lead so we're sort of studying
that right now which is very exciting

sort of coming back to kind of the lab for
physical work in the lab.

I like to you know introduce
the student coursework in the lab as

all my other colleagues do as well and
I quickly just pointing this out.

He has a studio that I did last fall and

since it was a very short project
they were us to you know and

small groups build a wall system and think
about what kind of different wall types

are building and I was able to sort
of implement some research questions

into it which was really you know
sort of a health issue a welfare and

design industry we specify certain ways
that you know work needs to be done and

you know one of this is that you know
this membrane has to be rolled down and

we actually found through
data that you know this.

Rolling is not actually very healthy
very healthy it are you know prolonged

periods of this kind of motion
washer lead to carpal tunnel.

So you know this so their work is actually
impacting you know research outcomes so

I went to a conference and I presented it
and you know they were very fascinated so

we're able to use the work
in the lab to help students

understand materials representation and
this is kind of

how they're going to do digital pards
to the fabricated element and so

you know student learning outcomes is
you know mature representation and

what I want high is you know where their
functions components and also teamwork.

I think that's always you know that's
pretty much what the workflow is

struggling with is you know really
how do we best work together and

with all these different tools that we
have different materials different ways of

different interest or from ways of
working so I'm sorry to say there's

kind of an upcoming you know proceeding
from this B. C. and architecture as

it's going to be doing a small sort of
similar project where we're looking at

sort of standardized process and how also
to doubt that for a customized systems.

This is part of what should be coming at
the end but I'm just going to go through

this very quickly so that the DIA
fellow in terms of what I'm working.

We went through the first two which is
funded by the digital building lab.

Then I have a another project which is we
thinking performance testing protocols

which is a G.T.S.
grant it was that I was granted this

this actually year and then I have ongoing
version of market research which brought

from the work that we did and it's through
industry collaboration's through actually

being implemented into ongoing
new projects to see how

better to implement you know the tools
that we're working with and also how that.

Impress workflow and then another sort of.

Different day looking is for renewable
energy and this kind of one thing needs

passive solar power project which we did
some small prototyping of the summer and

we found a lot of potential and so
we're pursuing national grants and

also in trying to throw in that you've got
to do this I would turn over to undress.

Hello good morning.

I am a fifty year Ph D.
student I'm working on dear fellow under

Professor Russell gentry house where
we Professor truckies man has advice or

I'm going to present a couple of projects
that we have been developing actually one

project and then my core research that
I hope will lead in some way to my

final defense the D.F.L. as in the way
it's listed in the website words and

I stress the mission beginning focus on
these five or six I think you had another

one of the end I would say that I may need
to rest in my main interest in my work has

been a representation as a way of
unifying Cordie media therefore fever

five aspects of that we work in
the lab and by representation.

I really I'm doing of interest on the
definition already in their presentation

reading code design knowledge in the
purpose rather than just communicating or

convey meaning is really a way of
supporting inquiry in reasoning and

decision making and I think that
competition to their specialist waited for

providing that kind of of of of support.

Now you know very simplified
way we could define or

we could at least at least three forms of
design knowledge that are relevant to what

the how and the why I think most of got
systems really focus on description

of what it is crucial of the geometry
that we are looking for.

No the process that is Germany's
are related to our kind of handily.

Tacitly or
in physically in design is here for

instance the way the theme is going
to be made or put together on site or

deplore both of special
configuration is not quite well

represented at least complication
really in a robust way and

I think that's that's that's something
that certainly need need to be improved.

So the first example they're going to
show is the work that we did with under

funded by national complete
mystery Association and

they wanted they asked us to waste
to promote the use by designers and

architects of masonry and
we're there to the concrete masonry.

This is not concrete missile is
commissioned masonry but still

Masonry has a lot of potential in design
but it's not being floor is not the limits

are not be pushed by the designers because
we are due to lack of knowledge of

construction and
fabrication rules of masonry and

lack of tools to support the exploration
on the conceptual level of different

configurations that Maitreya's support or
allows as a system.

So our argument was that we need tools
that could embed part of the knowledge

about structural principles
of what of how Masonry behave

very simplified way in order to
support conceptual design and

also we need tools to model
those alternatives explicitly

to evaluate to compare
compare to collaborate.

So for so
we propose to develop a methodology to

translate knowledge embedded in Masonry
standers construction guidelines and

best practices into part of the smart
parametric representation for doing

that translation we docked at the building
the object behavior language developed

by Professor is money colleagues for the
precast concrete domain and we are good.

Opted into masonry.

So they basically idea worst are
represented a very schematic concept or

level what's the smart behavior that
Prometric seamy will block should

have in a CAD system so that supports
it provides feedback to the designer or

they're the stage of the of the process.

And we selected a list of
of initial standards and

guidelines provided by not national
can commiserate Association.

Russell gentry He's a structural engineer
he also provides some initial principles

that are fundamental to be considered
from the beginning of this I process and

we're using the B.O.B. methodology
we implemented some some prototypes.

So for
instance one one type of of of system or

feedback that we are looking for in this
example was curvature of masonry walls.

What the limits of CORBA to every designer
can achieve at a very simplified quick way

at the beginning of the design process and
we provide develop a small script or

application that takes seen a surface
carved into form by the designer it

provides our immediate feedback
about the limits and tolerances of

the paint intent maser well being design.

So this is an example of the workflow
that we are looking for.

We also explore standards and
guidelines regarding openings and

how they interact with rain for
cement concrete masonry as different

from conventional Masonry has needs
reinforcement steel rebar seen

concrete in between specially for
the Be kind to lever.

So that's a kind of feedback that we
developed as a prototype prototype level

using that methodology
the initial beginning and

then we went further in looking for
implementing more advanced feedback

mechanisms to designs using feed
animals analysis strategies and

then we build one wall to test
the limits of four billion and.

In the for mission that I walk and
can support and

also so we develop a class in spring two
thousand nine hundred three in that some

students apply some of this presuppose and
tools for design and

exploring their own own making
their own formal explorations

but the question itself bending
what we saw with soft so

far is a way of kind of using John
which is a proxy of surrogate for

representing processes processes
are not quite explicitly there yet and

that's what I'm looking for
now in a way of that

some type of of course structure for
became a process can be

embedded in a system so smartly feedback
could be done from early stages of design.

So the watcher surrogate has a mission
before for all the other ones and

I really believe that.

How has to be that they're clean and
how is really what the inks of the Y.

which is the purpose for first night of
the design with the German transcription.

So between the dramatic
the description of the cat model and

the purple is there a missing link that
needs to be explicitly represented in

this the how and
the how being it conveys the need for

a presentation of processes simplify way
of describing what the being beamed to or

a primitive mollies to represent as
a wall right is a declarative knowledge

about the structure of objects or how what
are the objects and how they are what

are the attributes of those objects even
their rules such as that if the space zero

were on is a private space then
the thickness of the wall should be bigger

wider that that's also the kind of
description of what the objects are and

not about the processes in which
that will participate seen.

So that's that's one goal that is
research is not only come to a knowledge

about the themes and their job.

Descriptions and properties but
also about the process is enabled by

the give the configuration of it and
the purpose of such a configuration that's

the difference between the static well in
the process of putting together a maze and

while there are quite different things and
they're not being

captured by being build the building for
Mission modeling tools so far.

So the need for

presentation of process is because design
is much more in the physical structure of

John McCain's properties abstract concepts
such as intent function the council

process to fulfill the function
a critical need to be represented.

If you want to reason about that and make
decisions clever decisions about them.

The challenge is to represent his
company this concepts in the form that

can put ational in robust.

So this is a at the result of a design
process the tail construction

details a wall of what
you call the thing but

there are two processes that that thing is
related to the process of making the C.

and the process after the thing is
made which I think participates.

We are good E.F.L. are much more consumer
concern about the process of making things

but we understand it eventually might be
cations down the road about how the thing

was made forty six dollars requirements
going to affect the performance afterwards

and different from occasion process least
different tolerances audit considerations

that are important to take regarding
processes what about behaviors and

collateral effects if you select
of a specific process that process

can have collateral effects that may
contribute to the system to misbehave

order of assemblies tolerance has
a mission before its editor and

that's particularly important for C.N.C.
machining and how we can have a very nice

description of a surface to be viewed by
the two but that's not being considered

a collision is that going to because at
the end it's not being considered until

we start to process that process process
that geometry later on before machining.

The cam level not the design level but but

before just before running
to the part in the machine.

So now I'm looking for you.

Skimmers or
vocabularies to craft a concept it's basic

very basic and
fundamental principles about processes.

This is just a description of how a door
mechanism can work using that kind

of a pebble area not going into details
here but but exploring ways this is

based on the S.B.S. ontology work
done by Professor computer size.

It's a way of describing not only
the geometry of artifacts but

also the ways simplify way of
describing how artifacts work and

we are looking to adopt that to
the process of fabrication and

the key the key of the key word to I'll
be I'll say pre and post conditions for

each of those processes that
you've seen that map real meal or

well there is a series of preconditions
that they'd be satisfied by the desire for

instance job detail geometry description
but also understanding of the process

carried by the machines and information
about the materials themselves.

So in summary I think the different types
of design presentations support different

types of reasoning and representation
about functions and processes.

I tend to support generation
of modification designs

from a functional point of view a better
evaluation of directives comparison

on selection explanation or justification
of design season this is very important

to just define the team in
a collaborative Dene why certain

decisions were made that may not be clear
all the time for everybody in the team and

diagnoses during the lifecycle
of a product that is

thinking I think you know in
the in the in the interest of

time I'm going to skip a little bit of
my presentation because I really want to

have some time at the end for conversation
I think that's actually the most important

part of this one is that we can
present some stuff and talk about it.

I do want to make one one point that
we forgot to beginning the digital

fabrication lab is under the umbrella of
the digital building laboratory which is

headed by Chuck Eastman So we're really a
subset of a larger Institute wired really

organization that has caused a civil
engineering that has ties with building

construction and many units across
campus so I just want to make a point.

I know a lot of things I'm going to
show one of the many things that do

I want to show an early project
that they're really setting up

the project I really want to talk about so
in two thousand and

seven we ran a workshop where we
were looking at numbers because

we let this play walk talk where we were
looking at this question of how do we map

representation to making OK if this
is one of the oldest questions and

in designing construction we have ideas we
translate ideas into representations which

translate representations into things
understanding that process is fundamental

and so if we say that now it parametric
modeling and so on and so forth.

We can do everything right.

Well no not really there
are implications right there

are there real implications there
material implications there

are economic implications
there are energy implications.

So on and so forth.

So we need to do things
more intelligently.

So what I would say is
that over the last four or

five years this idea of how do we map
flexible representations to flexible

systems of making and
an intelligent way and in and in and

efficient way has been a big part
of what I'm interested in because I

think the reality I'm interested in
building things I'm interested in actually

constructing things in the world not just
representations and I think you have

to make Teligent if you want to actually
ever achieve complex architectures.

So what we see here is a parametric model.

Yet the idea here being
OK a permit your B.

spline actually comes from
a physical spot right.

It actually comes from the way
that a material would been

material resistance material property and
we do.

Taking that idea and

we turned it into a computational
representation of flexibility.

Well could we were the other way around.

Could we take that computational
representation and

push it back into the material world.

So what's happening with this project
which is about making just as they were

the two feet of this thing which is
about making this project which is about

making flexible molding systems for
concrete then you know the question

is can we take the perimeter of the spline
which we can move and we can make lots of

variations just by moving one point right
in front of Asians in fact a continuity of

not discrete things but of continuous
things could we map that didn't then to

a physical flexible molding system and
that's where the technology is heading.

That's what the researchers say so
we very quickly through this.

This is a representation schematic
representation of how the mold would work.

What we see is on the left hand side the
top logical representation of the mold and

then we see the outputs that each
of the permutations would generate.

So now we're mapping a let's say
global configuration of a design in

a parametric model in this case digital
project we're using digital project.

This was two thousand seven we were in
between digital projects all works so

mapping a global representation to all
of the local elements that would be

required in understanding each each global
permutation What are the implications

in terms of all the parts
that have to be fabricated.

So here you can see one of the parts
being molded this was we had very little

resources so we ended up doing sort
of fudging some of these ideas but

it's also proof of concept but what we
see is that from a single variable mold.

One can produce tremendous variation and

that's really important because anyone
who's ever cast anything understands it

all the energy goes into
making a mold break.

So I'm going to quickly this was a project
it internationally to prefer to ferret in

two thousand and
seven is where the project started and so

from this you know we've
developed some intellectual ideas.

We're developing some technologies but
we're also developing expertise and.

And gaining some reputation
in this area I would say so

from this the area in New York had
a competition in two thousand and ten.

Last year I believe which was won by Peter
our board of our for engineers in Paris.

And we were maybe this is going
to run on its own I hope.

Actually if we were contacted
to collaborate in the in

the let's say optimisation rationalization
really the geometry Professor cation and

the production of the positive
the full scale positive for

this new new sort I wasn't even there the
project was right the competition was for

future curtain wall systems a case of
nonstandard future Cornwall systems.

And that was the competition the winner
was the project was called Liquid wall and

the the sort of proposal is that
it's nonstandard high performance

concrete planning systems and again this
is an area that we've been working in and

said there was a natural source synergy
between the winner Peter Oborne or

for engineers and us so
we collaborated with these guys and

I'm going to show a video which is
going to explain all this is second so

just sort of enjoy the images right
now we collaborated with these guys to

produce the full scale prototype the full
scope positive which was then sent to

course lab structures in Connecticut
where they made the negative and

did all the casting and this then went
into an exhibition called integrate and

innovate it in New York Center for
architecture it was sort of

the centerpiece of this exhibition which
was for months looking at nonstandard

high performance concrete
personal systems.

OK another mouthful I'm running really
really fast so that we can access and

conversation here.

But what I want to do is show a video
because I think it captures this

quite well.

And does a better job than I will.

And it's H.D.
which is always a good production.

Knowing the prototype everyone involved.

I think understand how
well the pieces of work.

I think come together and
it's certainly a wonderful thing for

this wonderful architecture because we've
never done anything like this before and

I think it's going to stimulate
a lot of creative thinking

can from a paper morals in the future.

Plus we want to be a learning
experience for young people.

I went to Brooklyn very
typical high school and

I think it's important that young people
have the advantage of seem something film

on scale invasion this current war of just
saying this isn't having a very good.

We have this prototype thing last session
was about your thing being ready process

from stowaways Yama traits need not
work which cannot be termed as moral

really really mentally of character war
will go in the nonstructural liquid won't

is that different from standard her walls
and the main aspect of it is fabrication.

It's a cast frame which is means in
place of what is typical of the room or

steals for control and we can.

Whoa concept is really
based on three ideas.

The first is the liquid form
of the concrete itself and

the second is in this particular
prototype that we're doing now the form

of the wall Pownall was designed according
to its structural needs which results

in this kind of wave form in
the panel itself a third element of

the little ones that you know that was
there was a hospital or collector.

I know in the wall into which a liquid
is actually flowing through recover him

from the same way on the building that the
concrete is an ultra high performance kind

that combines that tell me do you know
there's a good way to go and I thought it

was kind of like you know he's actually
bias I think said engineer don't you know

any larger I mean the contacts curvature
is longer spans and with products

that basically are going to last much
much longer than regular concretes do so.

Wonderful opportunity for them to
design in a way that they've never had

an experience before and been able to
to work with before this break up in

the process is done by the architects and
engineers we've designed the digital model

of the liquid local level that model was
then used for a C.N.C. million process

where people have been reading the digital
model cuts the positive form of our

expanded polystyrene creating a positive
from which the negative or most or

built and it was robbery was really used
more of the concrete casting process.

Remember allows us to have
the more flexibility and

better finishing the project.

So the rubber was set in the form and

then once the posit was stripped
out we reversed the process.

So now we can cast directly
against the river and the river.

Like I said was the best finish
also allowing the flexibility

to strip this box shape.

Out of the mold and

we see a value that's evolved kept at
night because your fork is actually next

level giving us higher strings while
reducing the weight when you start out

doing a prototype like this it's not good
for than doing it on a new building.

Even though this was going to be a section
of move that can be years that the exhibit

you have to go through the same process to
get around a table with your contact me

with the engineer understand what
the challenges were how the design

was going to open with me fabricated in
the shop to bring in the manufacture of

a project to feel like that's the guy
how it is only it was a good thing and

then when you finally understand the
Iraqis about the challenges to get inside

of an existing building was not easy
it was how you would cost effectively.

How do you do it safely and

how do you do it in a way that it could
not disrupt the activity of the center and

the contractor competition metals came
up with the idea of not having to

remove the exterior that storefront but
to move some interior glass Breena.

Who is the new create us now with
live come up with the way in terms

of how to make this happen not to move
is really what makes private projects so

exciting and I think this exhibit can
somehow demonstrate how the different

disciplines were to come up with new and
with tunes in terms of design and

construct the ability to remove
all of the pseudo during

the early twenty first century two
thousand and fifty mark my words.

Some don't even the likes of which we've
never seen OK So Frank is great but

I'm going to stop there and just

in the on sort of future trajectories you
know the other thing I'd say about this

project is that we are very interested
in in multidisciplinary collaboration.

Right because we understand it and
I think that you and

you know we just have to understand the
other players you have to understand what

their needs are and how to interact with
them have intelligent conversations.

So it's just a future of research.

This is not concrete but I think it's
really exciting one of our actually Ph D.

students just didn't write
a successful Grant called Simple boss

balance of systems which is sort of
looking at all of the other stuff and

building integrated photovoltaics
other than the cell.

Like the actual panel itself which is
pretty well understood and very well

off and all the other stuff is where the
costs are really driving the information.

So this is a three year project funded
by the DIA we sort of rethinking all of

that stuff and how this architecture
as our architecture impact and

I was architecture impacted by this sort
of stuff nonstandard building closures and

ultra high performance concrete of
this extension of the work I said

to future projects one is a book
that's Russell gentry and

I work on together looking
at rationalization covered.

Ation installation of nonstandard building
systems not Center building skin that

happens country another is going to be
an exhibition of the popular center and

next year in conjunction with
dance architectural geometry

multi-cycle reconfigured
perimeter molding So

again this idea How do we link parametric
representations to the metric molds

them digitally augmented masonry which
is clearly an extension of on this.

He focused a lot on representation but
we're also looking so

we have time to talk about it.

We're also interested in Mason.

Right.

What information is the mason need to make
this thing what information is going Mason

bring what skill set
is the mason brain and

how do we augment that rather
than trying to replace the Mason.

For example the robot which
actually does work and

then just to show the variety
of the lab drawn together.

We're working on an interactive drawing
and listening table with the C.E.O.

a artist in residence over new along with
your wanderings will music and all your

Weingarten and these will not resign ever
so Williams And the former American.

Well I'm not sure it's the imagine of the
digital building and it is a building lab.

So I'm going to leave it there and
open it up to questions for it.

Questions or comments for any of our
speakers and we ran a little late.

OK class dismissed.

Thanks.

Yeah I am I mean I don't mean
I don't think of them later.

And you can find each one of them.

I met him when he was.